Izinkinga Zokukhulelwa Kwama-Trimester Wesibili

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Ukopha
• Umsebenzi wokuqala
• Izimpawu
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqimba (PPROM)
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho (ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho)
• Izimpawu
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukuvimbela
• Preeclampsia
• Izimpawu
• Ukulimala
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

I-trimester yesibili imvamisa lapho abantu bezizwa bengcono kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza kuvame ukuxazulula, ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu yehlile, futhi imihelo nezinhlungu zenyanga yesishiyagalolunye zikude kakhulu.

Noma kunjalo, kunezinkinga ezimbalwa ezingenzeka. Funda kabanzi ukuze ufunde ukuthi yini okufanele uyibukele nokuthi ungavimbela kanjani izinkinga ukuthi zenzeke kwasekuqaleni.

Ukopha

Yize ukukhulelwa kwesisu kungavamile kakhulu ku-trimester yesibili, kusengenzeka. Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane imvamisa kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokuxwayisa. Ukuphela kwemishado ku-trimester yesibili (ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-20) kungadalwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene, ezingafaka:

• Isizalo sesibeletho. Udonga, noma i-septum, ngaphakathi kwesibeletho lukuhlukanisa kube izingxenye ezimbili ezihlukene.
• Umlomo wesibeletho ongenamandla. Lapho umlomo wesibeletho uvuleka ngokushesha okukhulu, kubangele ukuzalwa kwasekuqaleni.
• Izifo ezizimele. Izibonelo zifaka i-lupus noma i-scleroderma. Lezi zifo zingenzeka lapho amasosha akho omzimba ehlasela amaseli anempilo.
• Ukukhubazeka kweChromosomal kombungu. Yilapho kukhona okungahambi kahle ngama-chromosomes engane, okungamaseli akhiwe nge-DNA.

Ezinye izimbangela zokopha ku-trimester yesibili zifaka:

• umsebenzi wokuqala
• izinkinga nge-placenta, njenge-placenta previa (i-placenta emboza umlomo wesibeletho)
• ukuphazamiseka kweplacenta (i-placenta ehlukanisa nesibeletho)

Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu ku-trimester yesithathu, kepha zingenzeka futhi sekwedlule isikhathi se-trimester yesibili.

Uma unegazi elingelona i-Rh, thola umjovo we-immunoglobulin (RhoGAM) uma uphuma igazi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe.

I-Immunoglobulin yi-antibody. I-antibody yiprotheni amasosha akho omzimba akhiqizayo abona futhi alwe nezinto eziyingozi, njengamagciwane namagciwane.

Ukuthola i-immunoglobulin kuzosiza ekuvikeleni ukukhula kwama-Rh antibodies, azohlasela umbungu uma enohlobo lwegazi olune-Rh.

Ungazizwa wesaba uma uthola ukopha esithweni sangasese, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akukhona konke ukuphuma kwegazi okusho ukulahleka kokukhulelwa.

Funa ukunakekelwa ngokushesha uma wopha ukhulelwe, kodwa zama ukuhlala uzolile ngenkathi udokotela eqonda ukuthi kungani wopha. Ungabekwa embhedeni kuze kuphele ukopha.

Umsebenzi wokuqala

Lapho ukubeletha kwenzeka ngaphambi kwesonto lama-38 lokukhulelwa, kubhekwa njengaphambi kwesikhathi. Izimo ezahlukahlukene zingadala ukusebenza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, njenge:

• ukutheleleka kwesinye
• ukubhema
• isimo sezempilo esingapheli, njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo sezinso

Izici ezinobungozi zomsebenzi wokuqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi zifaka:

• ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha
• ukukhulelwa amawele
• ukukhulelwa okuningi
• i-amniotic fluid eyengeziwe (uketshezi oluzungeze umbungu)
• ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwe-amniotic noma ulwelwesi lwe-amniotic

Izimpawu

Izimpawu nezimpawu zomsebenzi wokuqala zingase zibe ezicashile. Zingafaka:

• ingcindezi yesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• ubuhlungu obuphansi emuva
• ukuchama kaningi
• isifo sohudo
• ukwanda kokukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• ukuqina esiswini esingezansi

Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zomsebenzi wokuqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi zicacile, njenge:

• ukucindezela okubuhlungu
• ukuvuza koketshezi oluphuma esithweni sangasese
• ukopha esithweni sangasese

Shayela udokotela wakho uma unalezi zimpawu futhi ukhathazekile ngokuba semsebenzini. Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Ukwelashwa

Usuku ngalunye olwengeziwe awungeni emsebenzini wokuqala kunikeza ithuba lezinkinga ezimbalwa lapho umntwana ezalwa. Imithi eminingi ingasiza ekunqandeni ukusebenza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-magnesium sulfate
• ama-corticosteroids
• tocolytics

Uma ukusebenza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungamiswa, udokotela wakho uzokunika umuthi we-steroid. Ukwenza kanjalo kusiza ukuthuthukisa amaphaphu engane futhi kunciphise ubunzima besifo samaphaphu. Kusebenza kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbili ngemuva komthamo wokuqala, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho uzozama ukuvimbela ukulethwa okungenani izinsuku ezimbili.

Ukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqimba (PPROM)

Kujwayelekile ukuthi ulwelwesi lwakho ludabuke (luphuke) ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Abantu bavame ukuyibiza ngokuthi “ukwephula kwakho amanzi.”

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isaka le-amniotic elizungeze ingane liphuka, okuvumela uketshezi lwe-amniotic ukuba luphume. Leso sikhwama sivikela ingane kumagciwane. Uma seyaphukile, kunokukhathazeka kwengane ethola ukutheleleka.

Ngenkathi amanzi akho kufanele aphuke lapho usiya kubeletha, angadala izinkinga ezinkulu enganeni yakho lapho kwenzeka kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqimba (PPROM).

Isizathu esiqondile se-PPROM asihlali sicacile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezimweni eziningi, noma kunjalo, umthombo wenkinga ukutheleleka kolwelwesi.

I-PPROM ku-trimester yesibili iyinkinga enkulu, ngoba ingaholela ekulethweni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Izinsana ezizalwa phakathi kwamasonto angama-24 nama-28 okukhulelwa zisengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha zesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi isifo samaphaphu.

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi ngezinsizakalo ezifanele zokunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi, iningi lezinsana ezisandulela ukuzalwa livame ukwenza kahle kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-PPROM kuyahlukahluka. Kungavame ukufaka:

• ukulaliswa esibhedlela
• ama-antibiotic
• ama-steroids, njenge-betamethasone
• imithi engamisa ukusebenza, njenge-terbutaline

Uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka, abasebenzi bangabanjelwa ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu. Ama-antibiotic azoqala ukuvikela ukutheleleka.

Izingane eziningi zizalwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili zokuqhekeka, futhi iningi lizobeletha kungakapheli isonto. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi ngokuvuza okuhamba kancane, isaka le-amniotic lingazibuyisela kabusha. Ukusebenza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungagwenywa, futhi ingane izalwa isiseduze nesikhathi sayo esifanele.

Ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho (ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho)

Umlomo wesibeletho uyisicubu esixhuma isitho sangasese nesibeletho. Kwesinye isikhathi, umlomo wesibeletho awukwazi ukumelana nengcindezi yesibeletho esikhulayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ingcindezi eyandisiwe inganciphisa umlomo wesibeletho futhi iwenze uvule ngaphambi kwenyanga yesishiyagalolunye.

Lesi simo saziwa ngokungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho, noma ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho. Yize kuyisimo esingajwayelekile, kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukuvulwa nokuncipha komlomo wesibeletho ekugcineni kuholela ekuqhekekeni kwezingqamuzana nokulethwa kombungu ongakafiki isikhathi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka cishe ngesonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa. Njengoba umbungu ungakafiki isikhathi sokuphila ngaphandle kwesibeletho ngaleso sikhathi, ukukhulelwa kaningi akukwazi ukugcinwa.

Abesifazane basengozini enkulu yokungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho uma ngabe benakho:

• ukuhlukumezeka kwangaphambilini komlomo wesibeletho, njengokukhala ngesikhathi sokubeletha
• i-biopsy yesigaxa somlomo wesibeletho
• omunye umsebenzi wesibeletho

Izimpawu

Ngokungafani nokusebenza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho ngokuvamile akubangeli ubuhlungu noma ukuphambana. Kungahle kube nokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese noma ukuphuma.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kokungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho kunqunyelwe. I-cerclage yesimo esiphuthumayo (ukugoqa uzungeze umlomo wesibeletho) kungenzeka uma ulwelwesi lungakadabuki okwamanje. Ingozi yokudabula ulwelwesi ingaphezulu uma umlomo wesibeletho uvulekile kakhulu (ububanzi). Ukuphumula kombhede kuyadingeka ngemuva kokubekwa kwe-cerclage.

Kwezinye izimo, lapho ulwelwesi seludabukile kakade futhi umbungu usumdala ngokwanele ukuthi ungaphila, udokotela wakho kungenzeka abangele ukubeletha.

Ukuvimbela

Ungavimbela ukungasebenzi kahle komlomo wesibeletho. Uma unomlando wayo, ungathola i-cerclage ngokukhulelwa okuzayo cishe emavikini ayi-14. Lokhu kuzokwehlisa, kepha hhayi ukuqeda, ubungozi bokulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokulahlekelwa ngumntwana.

Preeclampsia

I-Preeclampsia yenzeka lapho ukhula:

• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• proteinuria (inani elikhulu lamaprotheni emchameni)
• i-edema eyeqile (ukuvuvukala)

I-Preeclampsia ithinta lonke uhlelo emzimbeni, kufaka phakathi i-placenta.

I-placenta inesibopho sokuhlinzeka ingane ngomsoco. Yize i-preeclampsia ivame ukwenzeka phakathi ne-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa kokuqala, abanye abantu baba ne-preeclampsia phakathi ne-trimester yesibili.

Ngaphambi kokuthola ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho uzokuhlolela ezinye izimo ezingadideka ne-preeclampsia, njenge-lupus (ebangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wonke) nesifo sokuwa (isifo sokuquleka).

Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola futhi ngezimo ezingakhuphula amathuba okuthuthukisa i-preeclampsia yokuqala, njengokuphazamiseka kwegazi nokukhulelwa kwe-molar. Leso yisigaxa esingenomdlavuza esakha esibelethweni.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu ze-preeclampsia zifaka ukuvuvukala okusheshayo kwemilenze yakho, izandla noma ubuso. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalolu hlobo lokuvuvukala noma ezinye zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ikhanda elingapheli ngemuva kokuthatha i-acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• ukulahleka kombono
• "Okuntantayo" esweni lakho (ama-specks noma amabala kumbono wakho)
• ubuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini lwakho lokunene noma esiswini sakho
• ukulinyazwa okulula

Ukulimala

Uthambekele kakhulu ekulimaleni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Isikhungo sakho samandla adonsela phansi siyashintsha lapho ukhulelwe, okusho ukuthi kulula ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi yakho.

Endlini yokugezela, qaphela lapho ungena eshaweni noma kubhavu. Ungahle uthande ukwengeza izindawo ezingasho lutho eshaweni lakho ukuze ungasheleli. Cabanga ukungeza imigoqo yokubamba noma ojantshi eshaweni sakho, futhi. Futhi hlola indlu yakho ukuthola ezinye izingozi ezingadala ukuthi uwe.

Umbono

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezichazwe kule ndatshana, xhumana nodokotela wakho. Bazokwazi ukunquma imbangela futhi baqale ukwelashwa okulungile - okusho ukukhulelwa okujabulisayo nokunempilo kuwe!