Ukukhubazeka Kwamalungu Amathambo

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zokukhubazeka kwezitho zamathambo
• Ukungajwayelekile kokuzalwa
• Ukungajwayelekile okutholakele
• Ziyini izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba?
• Izimbangela zokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba
• Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthambekela kwezitho zamathambo?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okutholakalayo?
• Amadivayisi asekelayo
• Ukwelashwa emsebenzini noma ngokomzimba
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwandiswa kwezitho
• Umbono wesikhathi eside wokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba
• Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba

Ukukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba wamathambo kuyizinkinga ekwakhekeni kwethambo lezingalo noma imilenze yakho. Zingathinta ingxenye yesitho sakho noma isitho sonke. Imvamisa lezi zinkinga zikhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa futhi kwesinye isikhathi izingane zizalwa zinokukhubazeka okungaphezulu kwesisodwa isitho.

Izifo ezithile noma ukulimala kungaphazamisa ukukhula okujwayelekile kwesakhiwo sakho samathambo futhi kuholele ekuphazamisekeni kwamathambo.

Izinhlobo zokukhubazeka kwezitho zamathambo

Ukungajwayelekile kokuzalwa

Ukukhubazeka kwamathambo okuzelwe kukhona lapho uzalwa. Ukungajwayelekile kungasho ukuthi esinye sezitho zakho sincane noma sikhulu kunokujwayelekile noma uneminwe noma izinzwane eziningi kunokujwayelekile. Ungase ulahlekelwe yingalo noma umlenze wonke, noma kungenzeka ukuthi ulahlekelwe yingxenye yesinye sezitho zakho noma uneminwe nezinzwane ezingakahlukaniswa ngokuphelele komunye nomunye.

Ukukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba azalwa nakho akuvamile. Lokhu kungajwayelekile kungenzeka ngenxa yenkinga ye-chromosome, noma kwezinye izimo, ukungajwayelekile kwezitho zomzimba kungabangelwa ngumama odla imishanguzo kadokotela ngesikhathi ekhulelwe.

E-United States, cishe zingu-1 500 izingane ezizalwa zinokukhubazeka kwamathambo ezandleni zazo futhi cishe uhhafu wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa zinokukhubazeka kwamathambo emilenzeni yazo, ngokusho kwe.

Ukungajwayelekile okutholakele

Ukungajwayelekile okutholwayo kwenzeka ngemuva kokuzalwa. Isimo esinjalo senzeka uma ngabe uzalwe unezitho ezijwayelekile kepha wahlangabezana nokuqhekeka kwethambo ebuntwaneni. Ithambo eliphukile lingakhula kancane kunokujwayelekile, liholele engalweni ethintekile noma emlenzeni okhula ngokungavamile.

Ezinye izifo, ezinjenge-rickets ne-rheumatoid arthritis, zingathinta kabi ukwakheka kwethambo lakho, okuholele ekungajwayelekile emilenzeni nasezingalweni zakho.

Ziyini izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba?

Uma uzalwa unesitho esingajwayelekile samathambo, izimpawu zangaphandle zingabonakala, njenge:

• isitho esingakheki ngokuphelele noma esishoda ngento ethile
• umlenze owodwa noma ingalo emfushane kunomunye
• imilenze noma izingalo ezingalingani nomzimba wakho wonke

Endabeni yokukhubazeka kwezitho ezitholakele, ungahle ungabi nazimpawu zangaphandle. Ezinye zezimpawu ezijwayelekile zomlenze otholiwe yilezi:

• umlenze owodwa ubonakala ufushane kunomunye umlenze
• ubuhlungu okhalweni lwakho, edolweni, eqakaleni, noma emuva
• ihlombe elilodwa libukeka liwile uma liqhathaniswa nelinye
• ukuhamba okungajwayelekile njengokuxhuga, ukushintshanisa umlenze wakho ngendlela engajwayelekile, noma ukuhamba ngezinzwane zakho

Izimbangela zokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba

Njengamanje, izimbangela zokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba zamathambo aziqondakali kahle. Izici ezingaba yingozi zifaka:

• ukuvezwa amagciwane, imithi noma amakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuzalwa
• ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi ngumama ngenkathi ekhulelwe
• ukuba nezinye izinhlobo zokungajwayelekile, kufaka phakathi i-omphalocele, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, noma i-gastroschisis
• i-congenital constriction band syndrome, lapho izibopho zezicubu ze-amniotic zixinwa ezingalweni noma emilenzeni ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakho

Ukukhubazeka kwezitho ezitholakele kungadalwa ukulimala ebuntwaneni. Okunye kwalokhu kulimala kubangela ukukhula kwamathambo kancane. Zingabangelwa nezifo eziningi ezithinta ukwakheka kwethambo lakho, kufaka phakathi:

• ama-rickets, noma i-vitamin D
• IMarfan syndrome, ukuphazamiseka kwezicubu okuxhuma
• I-Down syndrome, ukuphazamiseka kofuzo okubandakanya ama-chromosomes angeziwe

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ukuthambekela kwezitho zamathambo?

Uma ukungajwayelekile kukhona lapho uzalwa, imvamisa kungatholakala ngokushesha ngokuhlolwa komzimba.

Ukungajwayelekile kwamathambo kudinga ukuhlolwa okubanzi. Le nqubo ifaka phakathi ukubuka umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuthatha ukuhlolwa komzimba, nokulinganisa izitho zakho. Ama-X-ray, ama-CT scan, nezinye izinhlobo zemifanekiso yezokwelapha nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukubuka ukwakheka kwethambo okungaphansi nokuthola ukungajwayelekile.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa okutholakalayo?

Kunezinhloso ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba zokuzalwa, kufaka phakathi:

• ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesitho esithintekile
• kuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwesitho esithintekile
• ukukusiza ukuthi uzivumelanise nezinkinga zansuku zonke ezingabangelwa ukungajwayelekile

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza unqume uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lwezokwelapha ngesimo sakho esithile.

Amadivayisi asekelayo

Udokotela wakho angakunika ingalo noma umlenze wokufakelwa, owaziwa ngokuthi isitho sokufakelwa. Isebenza esikhundleni somlenze ojwayelekile.

Kwezinye izimo, isitho sakho esithintekile singaba khona kodwa sibe buthakathaka. I-orthotic brace noma i-splint ingasetshenziselwa ukuxhasa isitho sakho esithintekile ukuze ikwazi ukusebenza kahle.

Ukwelashwa emsebenzini noma ngokomzimba

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa emsebenzini noma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukusiza ukuzivocavoca umzimba nokuqinisa isitho sakho esithintekile.

Ukuhlinzwa

Kwesinye isikhathi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukulungisa okungahambi kahle esakhiweni somlenze wakho. Izinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlinzwa yi-epiphysiodesis kanye nokunciphisa abesifazane. I-Epiphysiodesis inqubo ebekelwe ngokucophelela ukumisa ukukhula okujwayelekile komlenze owodwa ukuze umlenze omfishane ufinyelele kubude obulinganayo. Ukunciphisa abesifazane kuyinqubo lapho kukhishwa khona ingxenye yethambo lesifazane, noma ithambo lamathanga.

Ukwandiswa kwezitho

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukukhulisa isitho esifushane ngenqubo ehamba kancane ebizwa ngokuthi ukwandiswa kwesitho. Ngale nqubo, udokotela wakho uzosika ithambo lakho bese esebenzisa idivaysi yangaphandle ukukhulisa kancane ubude bomlenze wakho phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa kuya onyakeni. Le nqubo ingaba buhlungu futhi inamandla amakhulu okuthola izinkinga kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Umbono wesikhathi eside wokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba

Njengengane enesitho esingajwayelekile samathambo, ungahle ubhekane nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zomzimba nezingokomzwelo. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kuzoya ngokuthi ukungajwayelekile kutholakala kuphi nokuthi kubi kangakanani. Izingqinamba ezingaba khona zifaka:

• izinkinga zokuthuthukisa amakhono emoto nezinye izinyathelo zomzimba
• ukulinganiselwa ekubambeni iqhaza kwezemidlalo noma eminye imisebenzi
• ukugconwa noma ukukhishwa inyumbazane ngenxa yokungafani kokubukeka kwakho
• ukudinga usizo emisebenzini yomuntu siqu, njengokudla noma ukugeza

Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokukhubazeka kwezitho zamathambo kungakusiza ekutholeni ukusebenza okuhle nokuzimela. Abantu abaningi abanohlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba bayakwazi ukuphila izimpilo ezikhiqizayo nezinempilo.

Ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba

Ayikho indlela ethile yokuvimbela ukukhubazeka kwezitho zamathambo ukuthi kungenzeki. Esikhundleni salokho, kugxilwe ekutholakaleni nasekwelashweni kusenesikhathi.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe banciphisa amathuba okukhubazeka kwezitho ezinganeni zabo ngokuthatha ivithamini ngaphambi kokubeletha okubandakanya i-folic acid. Kunconywa nokuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bagweme ukusebenzisa ugwayi notshwala.