I-Apnea Yokulala Ezinganeni: Okudingeka Ukwazi

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izimpawu zokuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni
• Imiphumela yokuphefumula kokulala okungalashiwe ezinganeni
• Izimbangela zokuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni
• Ukuhlonza i-apnea yokulala ezinganeni
• Ukwelashwa kwe-apnea yokulala ezinganeni
• Uyini umbono?

Ukubuka konke

I-apnea yokulala kwengane iyinkinga yokulala lapho ingane iba nezikhathi ezincane zokuphefumula ngenkathi ilele.

Kukholelwa ukuthi iphesenti elilodwa kuya kwamane lezingane e-United States zine-apnea yokulala. Iminyaka yezingane ezikulesi simo iyahlukahluka, kepha eziningi zazo ziphakathi kweminyaka engu-2 no-8 ubudala, ngokusho kwe-American Sleep Apnea Association.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zokuphelelwa umoya kokulala zithinta izingane. Ukuphefumula ukulala okungavinjelwe kungenxa yokuvaleka ngemuva komphimbo noma kwekhala. Luhlobo oluvame kakhulu.

Olunye uhlobo, i-apnea yokulala emaphakathi, lwenzeka lapho ingxenye yobuchopho obhekene nokuphefumula ingasebenzi kahle. Ayithumeli imisipha yokuphefumula izimpawu ezijwayelekile ekuphefumuleni.

Umehluko owodwa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokuphefumula isilinganiso sokuthwebula. Ukuthimula kungenzeka nge-apnea yokulala emaphakathi, kepha kugqame kakhulu nge-apnea yokulala yokuvimbela ngoba ihlobene nokuvinjelwa komoya.

Izimpawu zokuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni

Ngaphandle kokuthimula, izimpawu zokuphefumula nokulala okuphakathi ngokuyisisekelo ziyefana.

Izimpawu ezivamile zokuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni ebusuku zifaka:

• ukukhala okukhulu
• ukukhwehlela noma ukuklinya ngenkathi ulele
• ukuphefumula ngomlomo
• ukwesaba okukhulu
• ukumanzisa embhedeni
• ame kancane ekuphefumuleni
• ukulala ezindaweni ezingalingani

Izimpawu zokuphefumula ubuthongo azenzeki ebusuku kuphela, noma kunjalo. Uma ingane yakho ilala ubuthongo ebusuku ngenxa yalesi sifo, izimpawu zasemini zingabandakanya:

• ukukhathala
• ubunzima bokuvuka ekuseni
• ukulala emini

Gcina ukhumbule ukuthi izinsana nezingane ezincane ezine-apnea yokulala zingase zingaboni, ikakhulukazi labo abane-apnea yokulala ephakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi, okuwukuphela kwesibonakaliso se-apnea yokulala kuleli qembu lobudala ukukhathazeka noma ukuphazamiseka kokulala.

Imiphumela yokuphefumula kokulala okungalashiwe ezinganeni

Ukuphefumula kokulala okungalashiwe kuholela ezikhathini ezinde zokulala okuphazamisayo okuholela ekukhathaleni okungapheli emini. Ingane ene-apnea yokulala engalashwa ingase ibe nobunzima bokunaka esikoleni. Lokhu kungadala izinkinga zokufunda kanye nokusebenza kabi kwezemfundo.

Ezinye izingane ziphinde zihlakulele ukungasebenzi kahle, okudala ukuthi zitholwe ngokungeyikho ngephutha / ukunakekelwa kwengqondo (ADHD). Kulinganiselwa
ukuthi izimpawu zokuphefumula kokulala okungavimbela kungenzeka zibe khona kuze kufike ku-Amaphesenti angama-25 ezingane ezinesifo se-ADHD.

Lezi zingane nazo zingaba nobunzima bokuthuthuka emphakathini nakwezemfundo. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, i-apnea yokulala ibhekene nokukhula nokubambezeleka kwengqondo nezinkinga zenhliziyo.

Ukuphefumula ubuthongo okungalashwa kungadala umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kwandise ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kungabuye kuhlotshaniswe nokukhuluphala kwengane.

Izimbangela zokuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni

Ngokuphazamiseka kokulala, imisipha engemuva komphimbo iyawa lapho ilele, okwenza kube nzima enganeni ukuthi iphefumule.

Imbangela yokuphazamiseka kokulala kwengane ezinganeni ivame ukuhluka kunembangela yabantu abadala. Ukukhuluphala kuyimbangela enkulu kubantu abadala. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuvimbeleni ukuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni. Kepha kwezinye izingane, kuvame ukubangelwa amalaka akhulisiwe noma ama-adenoids. Izicubu ezingeziwe zingavimba ngokuphelele noma ingxenye yazo indlela yazo yomoya.

Ezinye izingane zisengozini yalesi sifo sokulala. Izingozi zobungozi bokulala kwabantwana zifaka:

• ukuba nomlando womndeni wokuphefumula kokulala
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala
• ukuba nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha (i-cerebral palsy, i-Down syndrome, isifo se-sickle cell, ukungahambi kahle kogebhezi noma ubuso)
• ukuzalwa ngesisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi
• enolimi olukhulu

Ezinye izinto ezingabangela ukuphefumula okuphakathi kokulala yizi:

• ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi
• ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• ezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa
• eminye imithi, efana nama-opioid

Ukuhlonza i-apnea yokulala ezinganeni

Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela uma usola ukuthi i-apnea ilele enganeni yakho. Udokotela wezingane wakho angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wokulala.

Ukuxilonga kahle i-apnea yokulala, udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu zengane yakho, enze ukuhlolwa komzimba, futhi ahlele isifundo sokulala.

Esifundweni sokulala, ingane yakho ichitha ubusuku esibhedlela noma emtholampilo wokulala. Uchwepheshe wokulala ubeka izinzwa zokuhlola emzimbeni wabo, bese ebheka okulandelayo ubusuku bonke:

• amagagasi obuchopho
• izinga le-oxygen
• isilinganiso senhliziyo
• umsebenzi wemisipha
• iphethini yokuphefumula

Uma udokotela wakho engaqiniseki ukuthi ingane yakho idinga isifundo sokulala ngokugcwele, enye indlela ukuhlolwa kwe-oximetry. Lokhu kuhlolwa (okuqedelwa ekhaya) kukala izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yengane yakho kanye nenani leoksijini egazini layo lapho ilele. Leli ithuluzi lokuqala lokuhlola ukubheka izimpawu zokuphefumula ubuthongo.

Ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-oximetry, udokotela wakho angancoma isifundo sokulala esigcwele ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-apnea yokulala.

Ngaphezu kwesifundo sokulala, udokotela wakho angahlela i-electrocardiogram ukukhipha noma yiziphi izimo zenhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqopha umsebenzi kagesi enhliziyweni yengane yakho.

Ukuhlolwa okwanele kubalulekile ngoba i-apnea yokulala kwesinye isikhathi ayinakwa ezinganeni. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho ingane ingakhombisi izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuphazamiseka.

Isibonelo, esikhundleni sokuthimula nokuthatha ukulala kancane emini, ingane ene-apnea yokulala ingaba ne-hyperactive, icasuke, futhi ikhule nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo, okuholele ekutholeni inkinga yokuziphatha.

Njengomzali, qiniseka ukuthi uyazi izici eziyingozi zokuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni. Uma ingane yakho ihlangabezana nenqubo yokuphefumula ubuthongo futhi ikhombisa izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle noma izinkinga zokuziphatha, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthola isifundo sokulala.

Ukwelashwa kwe-apnea yokulala ezinganeni

Azikho izinkombandlela ezixoxa ngokuthi ungalapha nini ukuphefumula kokulala ezinganeni ezamukelwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Ukuze uthole ukuphefumula okuncane kokulala ngaphandle kwezimpawu, udokotela wakho angakhetha ukungasiphathi lesi simo, okungenani hhayi ngaso leso sikhathi.

Ezinye izingane ziphelelwa umoya wokulala. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angaqapha isimo sabo okwesikhashana ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuthuthuka. Izinzuzo zokwenza lokhu kufanele zilinganiswe nobungozi bezinkinga zesikhathi eside ezivela ekungalashwa kwe-apnea yokulala.

Ama-topical nasal steroids angabekwa ukuze anciphise ukuminyana kwamakhala kwezinye izingane. Le mithi ifaka i-fluticasone (i-Dymista, i-Flonase, i-Xhance) ne-budesonide (i-Rhinocort). Kufanele zisetshenziswe okwesikhashana kuze kube isiminyaminya sesixazululekile. Azenzelwe ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside.

Lapho amalaka akhulisiwe noma ama-adenoid abangela ukuvuthwa kokuphefumula kokulala, ukukhishwa kwethoni nokuhlinzwa kwe-adenoids kuvame ukwenziwa ukuvula umgudu womoya wengane yakho.

Endabeni yokukhuluphala, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuvivinya umzimba nokudla ukuze alaphe i-apnea yokulala.

Lapho i-apnea yokulala inzima noma ingathuthuki ngokuthuthuka kusuka ekwelashweni kokuqala (ukudla kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-obstructive sleep apnea kanye nokudla kanye nokwelashwa kwezimo ezingaphansi kwe-apnea yokulala okuphakathi), ingane yakho ingadinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kokucindezela umoya (noma ukwelashwa kwe-CPAP) .

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-CPAP, ingane yakho izogqoka imaski ehlanganisa amakhala namlomo ngenkathi ilele. Umshini uhlinzeka ngokugeleza komoya okuqhubekayo ukugcina indlela yabo yomoya ivulekile.

I-CPAP ingasiza izimpawu ze-apnea yokulala evimbelayo, kodwa ayikwazi ukuyelapha. Inkinga enkulu nge-CPAP ukuthi izingane (nabantu abadala) kaningi abakuthandi ukugqoka imaski yobuso enkulukazi njalo ebusuku, ngakho-ke bayayeka ukuyisebenzisa.

Kukhona nezindlebe zomlomo zamazinyo ezingagqokwa izingane ezine-apnea yokulala uma zilele. Le mishini yakhelwe ukugcina umhlathi ubheke phambili futhi igcina umoya wawo uvulekile. I-CPAP isebenza kahle kakhulu, ngokujwayelekile, kodwa izingane zivame ukubekezelela okomlomo kangcono, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi bayisebenzise njalo ebusuku.

Ama-mouthpieces awasizi zonke izingane, kepha angaba inketho ezinganeni ezindala ezingasakhuli ukukhula kwamathambo ebusweni.

Umshini obizwa ngokuthi i-noninvasive positive pressure ventilation device (NIPPV) ungasebenza kangcono ezinganeni ezine-apnea yokulala emaphakathi. Le mishini ivumela ukuthi kubekwe isilinganiso sokuphefumula. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi inani elibekiwe lokuphefumula lithathwa umzuzu nomzuzu ngaphandle kwesiginali sokuphefumula okuvela ebuchosheni.

Ama-alamu e-apnea angasetshenziselwa izinsana ezine-apnea yokulala emaphakathi. Kuzwakala kukhala i-alamu lapho kwenzeka isiqephu se-apnea. Lokhu kuvusa usana futhi kumise isiqephu se-apneic. Uma usana ludlula inkinga, i-alamu ayisadingeki futhi.

Uyini umbono?

Ukwelashwa kwe-apnea yokulala kusebenza ezinganeni eziningi. Ukuhlinzwa kususa izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kokulala okungaba amaphesenti angama-70 kuye kwangama-90 ezingane ezinamatoni akhulisiwe nama-adenoids. Ngokufanayo, ezinye izingane ezinoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-apnea yokulala zibona ukuthuthuka kwezimpawu zazo ngokuphathwa kwesisindo noma ukusebenzisa umshini we-CPAP noma idivayisi yomlomo.

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-apnea yokulala ingaba yimbi futhi iphazamise izinga lempilo yengane yakho. Kungaba nzima kubo ukugxila esikoleni, futhi lesi sifo sibabeka engcupheni yezinkinga ezisongela impilo njengesifo sohlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo.

Uma ubona ukuheha okukhulu, uyeka ukuphefumula ngenkathi ulele, ukungasebenzi kahle, noma ukukhathala okukhulu emini enganeni yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese nixoxa ngokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuphefumula ubuthongo.