Uhluke Kanjani Umphimbo Womuntu Obhemayo Emphangeni?

-Delile

• Asebenza kanjani amaphaphu omuntu ongabhemi?
• Ukubhema kuwathinta kanjani amaphaphu akho?
• Yiziphi izimo ozibeka engcupheni yokuba njengomuntu obhemayo?
• Ukuyeka ukubhema kungawathinta kanjani amaphaphu akho?
• Ungakuyeka kanjani ukubhema

Ukubhema 101

Cishe uyazi ukuthi ukubhema ugwayi akukuhle empilweni yakho. Umbiko wakamuva kadokotela ohlinzayo wase-U.S. Uveza ukuthi cishe kubulawa isigamu sesigidi minyaka yonke ngenxa yokubhema. Amaphaphu akho angesinye sezitho ezithinteka kakhulu ngogwayi. Nakhu ukuthi ukubhema kuthinta kanjani amaphaphu akho nempilo yakho yonke.

Asebenza kanjani amaphaphu omuntu ongabhemi?

Umoya ovela ngaphandle komzimba ungena ngendlela ebizwa nge-trachea. Bese idlula ezitolo ezibizwa nge-bronchioles. Lezi zitholakala emaphashini.

Amaphaphu akho akhiwa izicubu ezinwebeka ezingena ngaphansi kwenkontileka futhi zikhule njengoba uphefumula. I-Bronchioles iletha umoya ohlanzekile, ocebile oksijini emaphashini akho futhi ukhiphe isikhutha. Izakhiwo ezincane, ezinjengezinwele zigudla amaphaphu nezindlela zomoya. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi i-cilia. Bahlanza noma yiluphi uthuli noma ukungcola okutholakala emoyeni ophefumulayo.

Ukubhema kuwathinta kanjani amaphaphu akho?

Intuthu kagwayi iqukethe amakhemikhali amaningi alimaza uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula. Lawa makhemikhali avutha amaphaphu futhi angaholela ekukhiqizeni ngokweqile amafinyila. Ngenxa yalokhu, ababhemayo basengozini eyengeziwe yokukhwehlela kwababhemayo, i-bronchitis, nezifo ezithathelwanayo ezifana ne-pneumonia. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungadala nokuhlaselwa yi-asthma kubantu abane-asthma.

I-nicotine kugwayi futhi ikhubaza i-cilia. Imvamisa, i-cilia ihlanza amakhemikhali, uthuli nokungcola ngokunyakaza okuhlelekile okuhlelekile. Lapho i-cilia ingasebenzi, izinto ezinobuthi zinganqwabelana. Lokhu kungaholela ekucinaneni kwamaphaphu nokukhwehlela komuntu obhemayo.

Kokubili ugwayi namakhemikhali atholakala kusikilidi kushintsha ukwakheka kwamaselula kwamaphaphu. Izindonga ezinwebeka ngaphakathi kwezindlela zomoya ziyawa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunendawo yokusebenza engaphansi kakhulu emaphashini.

Ukuze sikwazi ukushintshanisa kahle umoya esiwuphefumulayo, ocebile nge-oxygen, nomoya esiwukhipha, ogcwele isikhutha, sidinga indawo enkulu engaphezulu.

Lapho izicubu zamaphaphu ziwohloka, azikwazi ukubamba iqhaza kulokhu kushintshana. Ekugcineni, lokhu kuholela esimeni esaziwa njenge-emphysema. Lesi simo sibonakala ngokuphefumula okuncane.

Abantu abaningi ababhemayo bayoba ne- emphysema. Inombolo kagwayi obhemayo nezinye izinto zokuphila zingathinta ukuthi ungakanani umonakalo owenzekile. Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-emphysema noma i-bronchitis engapheli, kuthiwa unesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD). Zombili lezi zifo ziyizinhlobo ze-COPD.

Yiziphi izimo ozibeka engcupheni yokuba njengomuntu obhemayo?

Ukujwayela ukubhema kungaholela emiphumeleni eminingi yesikhashana. Lokhu kufaka:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukusebenza kahle kwezemidlalo
• ukukhwehlela okweqile
• impilo engeyinhle yamaphaphu
• umoya onukayo
• amazinyo aphuzi
• izinwele ezinuka kabi, umzimba, nezingubo

Ukubhema kuhlotshaniswa nezingozi eziningi zezempilo zesikhathi eside. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ababhemayo banamathuba amaningi okuthi kunabantu abangabhemi bahlakulele zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-90 amacala omdlavuza wamaphaphu abangelwa ukubhema njalo. Abesilisa ababhemayo banamathuba aphindwe ama-23 okuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunamadoda angakaze abheme. Ngokufanayo, abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kayi-13 okuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunabesifazane abangakaze babheme.

Ukubhema futhi kwandisa ubungozi bezinye izifo ezihlobene namaphaphu njenge-COPD ne-pneumonia. Cishe konke ukufa okuhlobene neCOPD e-United States kungenxa yokubhema. Ababhemayo njalo nabo banamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza we:

• amanyikwe
• isibindi
• isisu
• izinso
• umlomo
• isinye
• ingono

Umdlavuza akuyona ukuphela kwenkinga yezempilo yesikhathi eside ongabangelwa ukubhema. Ukuhogela ugwayi kuphazamisa nokujikeleza kwegazi. Lokhu kungakhuphula amathuba okuba:

• isifo senhliziyo
• isifo sohlangothi
• isifo semithambo yegazi
• imithambo yegazi elimele

Ukuyeka ukubhema kungawathinta kanjani amaphaphu akho?

Akukaze kwephuze kakhulu ukuyeka ukubhema. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuyeka ukubhema, i-cilia izoqala ukuvuselelwa. Kungakapheli amasonto kuya ezinyangeni, i-cilia yakho ingaqala ukusebenza ngokuphelele futhi. Lokhu kwehlisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nezifo ezihlobene namaphaphu, njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye neCOPD.

Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi kuya kwengu-15 yokuyeka ugwayi, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu izolingana naleyo yomuntu ongakaze abheme.

Ungakuyeka kanjani ukubhema

Yize kungenzeka kungabi lula ukugqashula kulo mkhuba, kungenzeka. Khuluma nodokotela wakho, umeluleki onelayisense, noma abanye kunethiwekhi yakho yokusekela ukuze uqale ngomkhondo ofanele.

Kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo ukukusiza uyeke ngejubane elifanele wena. Lokhu kufaka:

• amabala e-nicotine
• u-e-cigarettes
• ukuhambela iqembu lokusekelwa
• ukwelulekwa
• ukuphatha izimo ezikhuthaza ukubhema, njengokucindezeleka
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• ukuyeka ukubanda okubandayo

Kubalulekile ukuzama izindlela ezahlukahlukene lapho uyeka ukubhema. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyasiza ukuhlanganisa amasu ahlukene, njengokuvivinya umzimba nokunciphisa i-nicotine. Ukunciphisa inani obhemayo noma ukuqeda lo mkhuba ngokuphelele kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni impilo yamaphaphu akho.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokuhoxa, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho. Bangakusiza ukuthi unqume uhlelo lokuyeka ukubhema olulungele wena.