Izigaba ze-MS: Ongakulindela

-Delile

• Ukukhomba izimpawu ze-MS
• Ukuxilongwa okusha
• Isifo esingalapheki emitholampilo (i-CIS)
• Ukubuyisela kabusha i-MS (RRMS)
• I-MS eqhubekayo yesibili (SPMS)
• I-MS eqhubeka phambili (PPMS)
• I-MS yezingane
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• Ukuthatha
• Q:
• A:

I-Multiple sclerosis (MS)

Ukuqonda ukuqhubekela phambili okujwayelekile kwe-multiple sclerosis (MS) nokufunda ukuthi yini ongayilindela kungakusiza uthole umqondo wokulawula futhi wenze izinqumo ezingcono.

I-MS yenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ebhekise ngokungajwayelekile ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi (CNS), yize kungathathwa njengesifo sokuzilimaza komzimba. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-CNS kulimaza i-myelin kanye nemicu yezinzwa evikelwa i-myelin. Umonakalo uphazamisa noma uphazamisa imizwa yezinzwa ethunyelwa emgogodleni.

Abantu abane-MS ngokuvamile balandela enye yezifundo ezine zezifo ezihluka kakhulu.

Ukukhomba izimpawu ze-MS

Isigaba sokuqala okufanele usicabangele senzeka ngaphambi kokuthi udokotela wakho axilonge i-MS. Kulesi sigaba sokuqala, ungaba nezimpawu okhathazeke ngazo.

Izici zofuzo nezemvelo kucatshangwa ukuthi zizobamba iqhaza ekutheni ubani othola i-MS. Mhlawumbe i-MS isebenza emndenini wakho, futhi ukhathazekile ngamathuba akho okuba nesifo.

Mhlawumbe wake wabhekana nezimpawu udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi zingase zibonise i-MS.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• ukuba ndikindiki nokushosheka
• ubuthakathaka
• isiyezi
• ubuhlungu
• ubunzima bokuhamba
• izinguquko engqondweni
• i-vertigo

Kulesi sigaba, udokotela wakho anganquma ukuthi usengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lesi simo ngokuya ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba.

Kodwa-ke, akukho ukuhlolwa okucacile okuqinisekisa ubukhona be-MS futhi eziningi zezimpawu zibuye zivele nezinye izimo, ngakho-ke lesi sifo singaba nzima ukusithola.

Ukuxilongwa okusha

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuqhubekeni kokuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-MS.

Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga nge-MS uma kukhona ubufakazi obucacile bokuthi, ezindaweni ezimbili ezihlukene ngesikhathi, ube neziqephu ezihlukile zomsebenzi wezifo ku-CNS yakho.

Imvamisa kungathatha isikhathi ukwenza lokhu kutholakala ngoba ezinye izimo kufanele zikhishwe kuqala. Lokhu kufaka ukutheleleka kwe-CNS, ukuphazamiseka kokuvuvukala kwe-CNS, kanye nokuphazamiseka kofuzo.

Esigabeni esisha sokuxilongwa, cishe uzokhuluma ngezindlela zokwelashwa nodokotela wakho futhi ufunde izindlela ezintsha zokuphatha imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngesimo sakho.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nezigaba ze-MS. Funda kabanzi ngezansi ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.

Isifo esingalapheki emitholampilo (i-CIS)

Lesi yisiqephu sokuqala sezimpawu ezibangelwa ukuvuvukala nokulimala kwe-myelin emboza izinzwa ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni. Ngokobuchwepheshe, i-CIS ayihlangabezani nenqubo yokuxilongwa kwe-MS njengoba kuyisigameko esingalodwa esinendawo eyodwa kuphela yokuqedwa kwesimo esibhekele izimpawu.

Uma i-MRI ikhombisa esinye isiqephu esikhathini esedlule, ukuxilongwa kwe-MS kungenziwa.

Ukubuyisela kabusha i-MS (RRMS)

Uhlobo lokubuyela emuva lwe-MS ngokuvamile lulandela iphethini ebikezelayo ngezikhathi lapho izimpawu ziba zimbi khona bese zithuthuka. Ekugcineni ingaqhubekela phambili kwi-MS eqhubekayo.

Ngokusho kweNational Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS), cishe amaphesenti angama-85 abantu abane-MS baqale batholakala ukuthi bane-MS ebuyisa kabusha.

Abantu abane-RRMS bane-flare-ups (ebuyela emuva) ye-MS. Phakathi kokubuyela emuva, banezikhathi zokuxolelwa. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka, inkambo yalesi sifo kungenzeka ishintshe futhi ibe yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe.

I-MS eqhubekayo yesibili (SPMS)

Ukubuyisela kabusha i-MS kungathuthuka kube uhlobo olunolaka lwesifo. I-NMSS ibika ukuthi, uma ishiywe ingalashwa, uhhafu walabo abanesimo sokubuyisela emuva sesimo bakhulisa i-MS yesibili eqhubekayo phakathi neminyaka eyishumi yokuxilongwa kokuqala.

Ku-MS yesibili eqhubekayo, ungahle uhlangabezane nokuphindeka. Lokhu-ke kulandelwa ukululama okuyingxenye noma izinkathi zokuxolelwa, kepha isifo asinyamalali phakathi kwemijikelezo. Esikhundleni salokho, iya ngokuya iba yimbi.

I-MS eqhubeka phambili (PPMS)

Cishe amaphesenti ayi-15 wabantu atholakala enesifo esingajwayelekile, esibizwa nge-MS-progressive MS.

Leli fomu libonakala ngokuqhubeka kancane nokuqina kwesifo ngaphandle kwezikhathi zokuxolelwa. Abanye abantu abane-MS eyinhloko eqhubekayo bahlangabezana namathafa ngezikhathi ezithile ezimpawu zabo kanye nokuthuthuka okuncane emsebenzini okuvame ukuba okwesikhashana. Kunokwehluka kwezinga lokuqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-MS yezingane

Ngaphezu kwabantu abadala, izingane kanye nentsha kungatholakala ukuthi bane-MS. I-NMSS ibika ukuthi phakathi kwamaphesenti amabili no-5 azo zonke iziguli ze-MS aqaphela izimpawu ezaqala ngaphambi kokuba zibe neminyaka engu-18 ubudala.

I-MS yezingane ilandela inkambo efanayo yokuqhubeka njengenhlobo yesifo esidala esinezimpawu ezifanayo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zithola izimpawu ezingeziwe, njengokuquleka nobuthakathaka. Futhi, inkambo yesifo ingaqhubeka kancane kubantu abasha kunakwabantu abadala.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo kumuntu otholwe ene-MS. Udokotela wakho nethimba lezokwelapha lingakusiza ekutholeni inhlanganisela enhle kakhulu yezokwelapha ukuphatha izimpawu zakho nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila.

Ukwelashwa kwamakhasimende kufaka phakathi:

• ukudambisa izinhlungu njenge-aspirin noma ibuprofen
• ama-stool softeners kanye nama-laxatives, okusetshenziswa njalo

Imithi yokwelashwa kanye nokungenelela kwezokwelapha kubandakanya:

• ama-corticosteroids wokuhlaselwa kwe-MS
• ukushintshaniswa kwe-plasma ngokuhlaselwa kwe-MS
• ama-beta interferon
• i-glatiramer (iCopaxone)
• teriflunomide (Aubagio)
• i-dimethyl fumarate (iTecfidera)
• ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
• ukuphumula kwemisipha

Ezinye izindlela zingahlanganisa:

• ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• i-yoga
• ukutshopa
• amasu okuphumula

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zifaka:

• ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngaphezulu, kufaka phakathi ukuzelula
• ukudla ukudla okunempilo
• ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka

Noma nini lapho wenza ushintsho ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa, thintana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ngisho namakhambi emvelo angaphazamisa imithi noma imishanguzo oyisebenzisayo njengamanje.

Ukuthatha

Uma wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke esigabeni ngasinye se-MS, ungalawula kangcono impilo yakho futhi ufune izindlela zokwelashwa ezifanele.

Abaphenyi bayaqhubeka nokwenza amagxathu ekuqondeni kwabo lesi sifo. Ukuthuthuka okwenziwe ngcono kwezokwelapha, ubuchwepheshe obusha, nemithi evunyelwe yi-FDA kunethonya enkambweni eyisisekelo ye-MS.

Ukusebenzisa ulwazi lwakho nokusebenza eduze nodokotela wakho kungenza i-MS ibe lula ukuphatha kuso sonke lesi sifo.

Q:

Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwe-MS? Uma kunjalo, ziyini?

Isiguli esingaziwa

A:

Ngaphandle kokudla okunempilo nokuvivinya umzimba ngokunwebeka, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha uVitamin D owenele ngoba iziguli ze-MS zitholakale ukuthi zintula. Futhi njengenjwayelo, ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-MS njalo kukhonjisiwe ukuthi kunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo futhi kuvimbele ukubuyela emuva.

UMark R. Laflamme, Izimpendulo ze-MDA zimelela imibono yochwepheshe bethu bezokwelapha. Konke okuqukethwe kunolwazi oluqinile futhi akufanele kuthathwe njengezeluleko zezokwelapha.