, ukuxilongwa nokuthi kufanele welashwe kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izifo ezibangelwa I-Staphylococcus aureus
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa kwe- S. aureus
• I-Staphylococcus aureus ukumelana nemethicillin

O UStaphylococcus aureus, noma S. aureus, yigciwane eline-gram-positive ngokuvamile elikhona esikhunjeni nase-mucosa yabantu, ikakhulukazi emlonyeni nasemakhaleni, ngaphandle kokulimaza umzimba. Kodwa-ke, lapho izivikeli mzimba zibekwa engcupheni noma lapho kunesilonda, leli bhaktheriya linganda futhi lifinyelele egazini, lenze i-sepsis, ehambelana nokutheleleka okusabalele, okungaholela ekufeni.

Lolu hlobo lwe-staphylococcus lubuye luvame kakhulu ezindaweni zesibhedlela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugwema ukuxhumana neziguli ezibucayi esibhedlela futhi ugcine izandla zakho zihlanzekile kakhulu ukugwema ukuxhumana naleli gciwane, njengoba I-Staphylococcus aureus ekhona ezibhedlela ngokuvamile ikhombisa ukumelana nama-antibiotic amaningi, okwenza ukwelashwa kwawo kube nzima.

Ukutheleleka nge S. aureus ingahluka kusuka ekuthelelekeni okulula, njenge-folliculitis, ngokwesibonelo, kuya ku-endocarditis, okuyisifo esibi kakhulu esibonakala ngokuba khona kwamagciwane enhliziyweni. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zingasukela ekubeni bomvu kwesikhumba, kuye ebuhlungwini bemisipha nokopha.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zokutheleleka ngo S. aureus kuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka, indawo yamagciwane kanye nesimo sesiguli, okungaba:

• Ubuhlungu, ububomvu nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba, lapho amagciwane esanda esikhunjeni, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwamathumba namabhamuza;
• Umkhuhlane omkhulu, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukuphefumula okuncane kanye nokuphathwa ikhanda elibuhlungu, lapho amabhaktheriya ekwazi ukungena egazini, imvamisa ngenxa yesilonda esithile noma ukulimala, futhi angadlulela ezithweni eziningana;
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu besisu, uhudo nokuhlanza, okungavela lapho amagciwane engena emzimbeni ngokudla okungcolisiwe.

Ngoba itholakala ngokwemvelo emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi emlonyeni nasekhaleni, leli bhaktheriya lingadluliselwa ngokuxhumana okuqondile, amaconsi omoya akhona ngokukhwehlela nangokuthimula nangezinto ezingcolile noma ukudla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhaktheriya angafinyelela egazini ngokusebenzisa ukulimala noma izinaliti, okuyindlela ejwayelekile yokutheleleka kubantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa zokujova noma abantu abanesifo sikashukela abasebenzisa i-insulin.

Ngokuya ngobukhulu bezimpawu zokutheleleka, kungadingeka ukuthi lowo muntu alaliswe esibhedlela futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, ahlukaniswe yedwa kuze kube yilapho selashwa.

Izifo ezibangelwa I-Staphylococcus aureus

O I-Staphylococcus aureus kungadala ukutheleleka okuncane futhi okulula ukwelashwa noma izifo ezimbi kakhulu, okuyinhloko:

1. I-Folliculitis, okuyinto ebonakala ngokuba khona kwamabhamuza amancane obomvu nokubomvu esikhunjeni okubangelwa ukwanda kwamagciwane endaweni;
2. I-Cellulitis Ethelelayo, lapho S. aureus ingangena engxenyeni ejulile yesikhumba, ibangele ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala nokubomvu okukhulu kwesikhumba;
3. I-Septicemia, noma ukushaqeka okubucayi, ihambelana nokutheleleka okwenziwa jikelele okubonakala ngokuba khona kwegciwane egazini, kufinyelela ezithweni eziningana. Qonda ukuthi ukushaqeka okungakanani kuyini;
4. I-Endocarditis, okuyisifo esithinta ama-valve enhliziyo ngenxa yokuba khona kwamagciwane enhliziyweni. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-bacterial endocarditis;
5. I-Osteomyelitis, lokho kungukutheleleka kwethambo okubangelwa amagciwane futhi okungenzeka ngokungcoliswa okuqondile kwethambo ngokusika okujulile, ukuphuka noma ukufakelwa kwesitho sokufakelwa, isibonelo;
6. Inyumoniya, ukuthi yisifo sokuphefumula esiholela ekubeni nobunzima ekuphefumuleni futhi singadalwa ukubamba iqhaza kwamaphaphu ngamagciwane;
7. I-toxic shock syndrome noma i-scalded skin syndrome, okuyisifo sesikhumba esidalwa ukukhiqizwa kobuthi ngu I-Staphylococcus aureus, kubangela ukuthi isikhumba siphume;

Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abekeke engcupheni ngenxa yezifo zomdlavuza, amasosha omzimba noma izifo ezithathelwanayo, bake basha noma amanxeba noma bahlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa banamathuba amaningi okuthola ukutheleleka nge-HIV. I-Staphylococcus aureus.

Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi ugeze izandla zakho kahle futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuzivikela ezindaweni zesibhedlela ukugwema ukutheleleka ngaleli gciwane, ngaphezu kokudla okudlayo okuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Qonda ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukugeza izandla ukuvikela ukugula.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwamagciwane, okwenziwa elabhoratri ye-microbiology kusuka kusampula yebhayoloji, ecelwa ngudokotela ngokusho kwezimpawu zomuntu, okungaba umchamo, igazi, amathe noma uketshezi lwesilonda.

Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kwamagciwane, i-antibiotic yenziwa ukuqinisekisa iphrofayili yobuzwe be-microorganism futhi eyi-antibiotic engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ukutheleleka. Yazi ukuthi i-antibiotic iyini nokuthi ungawuqonda kanjani umphumela.

Ukwelashwa kwe- S. aureus

Ukwelashwa kwe- S. aureus imvamisa ichazwa ngudokotela ngokusho kohlobo lokutheleleka kanye nezimpawu zesiguli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ezinye izifo ezihambisanayo, okuhlolwa ngudokotela ukuthi yikuphi ukutheleleka okubeka ubungozi obukhulu esigulini futhi okufanele belashwe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kusukela kumphumela we-antibiotic, udokotela angakhombisa ukuthi imuphi umuthi olwa namagciwane ozoba nomthelela omkhulu ekulweni namagciwane, kanti ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa nge-methicillin noma i-oxacillin izinsuku ezi-7 kuya kweziyi-10.

I-Staphylococcus aureus ukumelana nemethicillin

O I-Staphylococcus aureus ukumelana ne-methicillin, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-MRSA, kuvame kakhulu ezibhedlela, okwenza leli bhaktheriya libe ngomunye wababhekene nezifo ze-nosocomial.

I-Methicillin iyi-antibiotic eyenziwe ukulwa namagciwane akhiqiza i-beta-lactamase, angama-enzyme akhiqizwa amanye amabhaktheriya, kufaka phakathi S. aureus, njengendlela yokuzivikela ekilasini elithile lama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo ze- I-Staphylococcus aureus, ikakhulukazi lezo ezitholakala ezibhedlela, zaqala ukumelana ne-methicillin, zingasabeli ekwelashweni ngaleli antibiotic.

Ngakho-ke, ukwelapha izifo ezibangwa yi-MRSA, ama-glycopeptides, afana ne-vancomycin, teicoplanin noma i-linezolid, ajwayele ukusetshenziselwa izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10 noma ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha.