Izitatimende: Ukusetshenziswa, Imiphumela emibi, nokuningi

-Delile

• Ngubani ongazithatha
• Basebenza kanjani
• Izinzuzo
• Izinhlobo zama-statins
• Izingozi ezingaba khona nemiphumela engemihle
• Ukulimala kwemisipha
• Ukulimala kwesibindi
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo sikashukela
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho
• I-Q & A.
• Q:
• A:

Yini ama-statins?

Izitatimende yiqembu lemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cholesterol ephezulu. Zisebenza ngokunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol egazini lakho, ikakhulukazi i-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) noma i-cholesterol "embi".

Abantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL basengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo senhliziyo. Ngalesi simo, i-cholesterol yakha emithanjeni yakho futhi ingaholela ku-angina, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi. Ngakho-ke, ama-statins angabalulekile ekunciphiseni lezi zingozi.

Ngubani ongazithatha

I-American Heart Association incoma ama-statin kubantu abathile. Wena nodokotela wakho kufanele nicabangele ama-statins uma:

• uneleveli ye-LDL ye-cholesterol engu-190 mg / dL noma ngaphezulu
• isivele inesifo senhliziyo
• baneminyaka engama-40-75 ubudala futhi baba nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo
• unesifo sikashukela, uneminyaka engama-40-75 ubudala, futhi unezinga le-LDL eliphakathi kuka-70 no-189 mg / dL

Basebenza kanjani

Umzimba wakho empeleni udinga i-cholesterol ethile ukuze usebenze kahle. Umzimba wakho uthola i-cholesterol ngokudla ukudla okuthile nangokwenza isibindi sakho. Kodwa-ke, kuba nezingozi lapho amazinga akho e-cholesterol ephakeme kakhulu. Izitatimende zisebenza ukwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol emzimbeni wakho.

Izitatimende zikwenza lokhu ngokuvimba ukukhiqizwa komzimba wakho kwe-enzyme ebizwa nge-HMG-CoA reductase. Le yi-enzyme edingwa yisibindi sakho ukwenza i-cholesterol. Ukuvimba le enzyme kubangela ukuthi isibindi sakho senze i-cholesterol encane, yona eyehlise amazinga akho e-cholesterol.

Izitatimende nazo zisebenza ngokwenza kube lula emzimbeni wakho ukumunca i-cholesterol esivele yakhiwe emithanjeni yakho.

Izinzuzo

Kunezinzuzo eziningana zangempela ngokuthatha ama-statins, futhi kubantu abaningi, lezi zinzuzo zidlula ubungozi bezidakamizwa.

Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kukhombisa ukuthi ama-statins angehlisa amazinga e-LDL cholesterol ngamaphesenti angama-50. Izitatimende nazo zinganciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-2010 ikhombisa ukuthi ama-statins adlala indima encane ekwehliseni amazinga e-triglyceride nokukhulisa i-cholesterol ye-HDL (enhle).

Izitatimende zinezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala ezithinta imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo nobuchopho. Lo mphumela ungaphinda wehlise ubungozi bamahlule egazi, isifo senhliziyo, nesifo sohlangothi.

Le mithi ingasiza futhi ukwehlisa ithuba lokwenqatshwa ngemuva kokufakelwa komzimba, ngokusho kwe-athikili ku- I-Journal of Experimental Medicine. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka olunye ucwaningo kule ndawo.

Izinhlobo zama-statins

Izitatimende ziyatholakala ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukahlukene ejwayelekile nawomkhiqizo, kufaka phakathi:

• i-atorvastatin (Lipitor, Torvast)
• i-fluvastatin (Lescol)
• i-lovastatin (Mevacor, Altocor, Altoprev)
• i-pitavastatin (Livalo, Pitava)
• i-pravastatin (Pravachol, Selektine)
• i-rosuvastatin (Crestor)
• i-simvastatin (Lipex, Zocor)

Eminye imithi yokuhlanganiswa nayo iqukethe ama-statins. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:

• i-amlodipine / i-atorvastatin (iCaduet)
• ezetimibe / simvastatin (Vytorin)

Izingozi ezingaba khona nemiphumela engemihle

Abantu abathatha ama-statins kufanele bagweme i-grapefruit. I-Grapefruit ingaxhumana nezitatimende ezithile futhi yenze imiphumela emibi ibe mibi kakhulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi nge-lovastatin ne-simvastatin. Qiniseka ukuthi ufunda izexwayiso eziza nemithi yakho. Uma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi. Ungafunda futhi kabanzi ngamagilebhisi nezitembu.

Iningi labantu lingathatha ama-statins ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi kakhulu, kepha imiphumela emibi ingenzeka. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi uhlobo olulodwa lwe-statin luzodala imiphumela emibi kakhulu kunolunye. Uma unemiphumela engemihle eqhubekayo, udokotela wakho angakwazi ukulungisa isilinganiso sakho noma ancome isitatimende esihlukile.

Eminye yemiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yama-statins ifaka:

• ukuqunjelwa
• isifo sohudo
• isicanucanu

Le miphumela emibi ngokuvamile imnene. Kodwa-ke, ama-statins nawo angadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

Ukulimala kwemisipha

Izitatimende zingadala izinhlungu zemisipha, ikakhulukazi ngemithamo ephezulu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, zingadala nokuthi amaseli emisipha ehle. Uma lokho kwenzeka, amangqamuzana akho emisipha akhipha iphrotheni okuthiwa i-myoglobin egazini lakho. Lesi simo sibizwa nge-rhabdomyolysis. Kungadala umonakalo omkhulu ezinso zakho. Ingozi yalesi simo inkulu uma uthatha eminye imithi ngemithi ethile, ikakhulukazi i-lovastatin noma i-simvastatin. Le minye imithi ifaka:

• ezinye izinto zokuvikela ezifana ne-itraconazole ne-ketoconazole
• i-cyclosporine (i-Restasis, iSandimmune)
• i-erythromycin (EES.S., i-Erythrocin Stearate, nabanye)
• gemfibrozil (Lopid)
• i-nefazodone (Serzone)
• i-niacin (Niacor, Niaspan)

Ukulimala kwesibindi

Ukulimala kwesibindi kungenye yemiphumela emibi kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-statin. Uphawu lokulimala kwesibindi ukwanda kwama-enzyme wesibindi. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha i-statin, udokotela wakho cishe uzokwenza izivivinyo zomsebenzi wesibindi ukuze ahlole ama-enzyme wakho wesibindi. Bangaziphinda izivivinyo uma ukhombisa izimpawu zezinkinga zesibindi ngenkathi uthatha umuthi. Lezi zimpawu zingabandakanya i-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho kanye namhlophe wamehlo akho), umchamo omnyama, nobuhlungu engxenyeni engakwesokudla esiswini sakho.

Ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo sikashukela

Izitatimende nazo zingadala amazinga eglucose (ushukela) egazini lakho anyuke. Lokhu kubangela ukwanda okuncane engozini yohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Uma ukhathazekile ngale ngozi, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho

Ukuthatha i-statin ngenkathi ulandela ukudla okunempilo nokuvivinya umzimba njalo kuyindlela enhle yabantu abaningi yokwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol yabo. Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu, cela udokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe i-statin ingaba yisinqumo esihle kuwe. Imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho ifaka phakathi:

• Ngabe ngithatha noma yimiphi imishanguzo engahlangana ne-statin?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinzuzo ocabanga ukuthi i-statin inganginikeza zona?
• Ngabe uneziphakamiso zokudla nokuvivinya umzimba ezingangisiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yami?

I-Q & A.

Q:

Kuphephile ukusebenzisa ama-statins notshwala ndawonye?

A:

Uma uthatha i-statin, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kuphephile yini ukuthi uphuze utshwala. Uma uphuza inani elilinganiselwe kuphela lotshwala futhi unesibindi esinempilo, kungenzeka kuphephe kuwe ukusebenzisa utshwala nezimiso ndawonye.

Ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngotshwala nokusetshenziswa kwe-statin kuza uma uphuza kaningi noma uphuza kakhulu, noma uma unesifo sesibindi. Kulezo zimo, ukuhlanganiswa kotshwala nokusetshenziswa kwe-statin kungaba yingozi futhi kuholele ekulimaleni okukhulu kwesibindi. Uma uphuza noma unesifo sesibindi, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho ngengozi yakho.