Izimbangela Zengozi Ye-Stroke Bonke Abesifazane Okufanele Bazazi

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Kwakuyihora lesi-4 ekuseni ngoNovemba 2014, kanti uMerideth Gilmor, umsakazi omele abasubathi abafana noMaria Sharapova, wayebheke ngabomvu ukuthi ekugcineni alale. Usuku beluqale ekuseni, ngokugijima kwakhe okuqhele ngamamayela ayisishiyagalombili. Ngemuva kwalokho yena nomyeni wakhe babeye emshadweni womngani wakhe omkhulu, lapho bachitha khona ubusuku "benjengezinkanyezi ze-rock," esho. Ngesikhathi ebuyela egumbini lakhe lehhotela, wayesekulungele kakhulu ukulala embhedeni futhi ahlangane. Kodwa njengoba enza lokho, wezwa into eyinqaba. "Angisoze ngakukhohlwa; kwaba sengathi ngikhiphe idandelion enkulu ekhaleni lami. Bese umbono wami waba mnyama," uyakhumbula. "Bengizwa, kepha bengingakwazi ukuxhumana futhi bengingakwazi nokunyakaza."

UGilmor, ngaleso sikhathi owayeneminyaka engama-38 kuphela ubudala, wayesanda kushaywa unhlangothi.

Inkinga Ekhulayo

UGilmor akayedwana. "Ukwanda kwesifo sohlangothi kwabesifazane abasebancane kuye kwanda," kusho uPhilip B. Gorelick, M.D., umqondisi wezokwelapha eMercy Health Hauenstein Neuroscience Centre eGrand Rapids, MI. Phakathi kuka-1988 kuya ku-1994 nango-1999 kuya ku-2004, ukwanda kwesifo sohlangothi kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engama-35 kuya kwengama-54 kwaphindeka kathathu; amadoda awalutholanga neze ushintsho, kusho uGorelick. Yize kungenye yezindlela ezinhlanu eziphezulu zokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha abesifazane abasha abangazilindele, kukonke, cishe amaphesenti ayishumi okushaywa unhlangothi kwenzeka kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50.

"Kunzima ukwazi ukuthi ukusabalala kuyanda, noma uma nje siba ngcono ekuqapheleni ukushaywa unhlangothi kubantu abadala," kusho uCaitlin Loomis, MD, uprofesa osizayo we-neurology e-Yale School of Medicine, kanye nodokotela wezinzwa e-Yale. -New Haven Hospital. Kodwa u-Gorelick uthi ukushaywa unhlangothi sekuvame kakhulu, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, izici ezimbili eziyingozi zokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, zithinta abesifazane abaningi abasebasha. (Ubuwazi ukuthi kunokuxhumana phakathi kokuqwasha nomfutho wegazi ophakeme?)

Ngenkathi ukuqwashisa ngale nkinga kukhula impela, ngoba imivimbo ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala, abantu abaningi-odokotela bahlanganisa-bayahluleka ukubona izimpawu lapho zenzeka kwabesifazane abasebasha. Cishe amaphesenti angu-13 abantu abanesifo sohlangothi awatholakalanga kahle, ngokocwaningo lwamuva nje kulo magazini Ukuxilongwa. Kodwa abacwaningi bathole ukuthi abesifazane banamathuba angamaphesenti angama-33 okungaxilongwa kahle, kanti abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-45 banamathuba aphindwe kasikhombisa okuthola ukuxilongwa okungalungile.

Futhi lokho kungalimaza kakhulu: Njalo ngemizuzu engu-15 umuntu ohlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi uhamba ngaphandle kokuthola ukwelashwa unezela enye inyanga yokukhubazeka esikhathini sabo sokululama, ngokusho kocwaningo ku Unhlangothi.

Ngenhlanhla, umyeni ka-Gilmor wazibona izimpawu zakhe—ukukhubazeka okuncane ebusweni bakhe, ukudideka, inkulumo engahlangani—njengokushaywa unhlangothi. “Ngamuzwa ebiza u-911, ngacabanga, Kufanele ngigqoke. Kodwa angikwazanga ukunyakazisa izitho zami zomzimba, "esho. Esibhedlela, udokotela ukuqinisekisile lokho umyeni wakhe akwesabayo: Ube nesifo sohlangothi, esilinganisa amaphesenti angama-90 alo lonke unhlangothi futhi senzeka lapho okuthile, kuvame ukuba ihlwili , uvimba umkhumbi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni. (Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushaywa yisifo esopha kakhulu kwenzeka lapho umthambo wegazi udabuka noma uqhekeka.)

UCarolyn Roth akabanga nenhlanhla enkulu kangako. Ngo-2010, wayeneminyaka engu-28 kuphela lapho eba nophawu lwakhe lokuqala oluyisixwayiso: ubuhlungu obukhulu entanyeni ngemva kohambo lokuya ejimini. Wayibhala njengemisipha edonsayo. Wabuye wakwazi ukuchaza amabala afana nedayimane agubuzele umbono wakhe ngenkathi egoduka eya ekhaya ngalobo busuku nobuhlungu bentamo obabumenza avele eTylenol usuku lonke olulandelayo.

Ekugcineni, ngakusasa ekuseni wakhathazeka kangangokuthi wabiza uyise, owamyisa esibhedlela. Wangena cishe ngo-8 ekuseni, kwathi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa udokotela wamtshela ukuthi uzohlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. "Bavele bazi, ngoba amehlo ami ayengaphenduli ekukhanyeni," usho kanje. Kepha wamangala. Ngenkathi ezwa ubuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukudideka, nokukhubazeka kombono, wayengakaze abone ezinye zezimpawu "ezijwayelekile", njengokukhubazeka ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi isifo sakhe sohlangothi sabangelwa ukuhlukaniswa isisu, noma ukukhala emthanjeni, imvamisa kungumphumela wohlobo oluthile lokuhlukumezeka njengengozi yemoto noma ukukhwehlela okunodlame. (Izimpawu ezithile-njengalezi zimpawu eziyisixwayiso eziphezulu-akufanele neze uzibe.)

"Uma kuziwa ekululameni kohlangothi, isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu," kusho uLoomis. "Eminye imithi iwusizo kuphela lapho ilethwa ngaphakathi kwewindi lamahora amathathu kuya kwangu-4.5, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi izisulu zohlangothi zilethwe esibhedlela ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zihlolwe ngokushesha."

Umphumela

Ukubuyiselwa kwesifo sohlangothi kubukeka kwehlukile kuzo zonke iziguli. "Kuningi kuya ngobukhulu besifo sohlangothi nendawo ebuchosheni," kuphawula uLoomis. Futhi nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukululama kungase kube indlela ende, enensayo, ngokuphambene nalokho abantu abaningi abakukholelwayo, ukushaya uhlangothi akuwona ngempela umusho wokukhubazeka ukuphila kwakho konke. Lokho kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezisencane, uLoomis athi zivame ukwenza kangcono kuneziguli ezindala uma kuziwa ekwelashweni ngokomzimba kanye nokuvuselela kabusha. (Ezinye izindaba zezempilo zithinta abesilisa nabesifazane ngokwehlukile.)

Bobabili uGilmor noRoth bathi babe nenhlanhla yokuba nemisebenzi evumelana nezimo ebavumela ukuba bathole ukuphumula okuningi. "Ukulala kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqaleni, ngoba ingqondo yakho izama ukuzilungisa. Kuthatha isikhathi eside," kusho uRoth. Ngemva kokuthatha ikhefu lezinyanga ezimbalwa ejimini ukuze alulame, kancane kancane waqala ukuvivinya umzimba futhi. "Ngizokwenza noma ikuphi ukuzivocavoca manje-ngaze ngagijima umjaho webhola waseNew York City ngo-2013!" uthi. (Ucabanga Ukugijima? Bheka Izinto Ezingu-17 Ongazilindela Lapho Ugijima I-Marathon Yakho Yokuqala.)

UGilmor ubuye abonge uhlelo lwakhe lokumeseka - odokotela bakhe, ambiza ngokuthi "Stroke Squad" (uLoomis wayengomunye wabo), umndeni, amaklayenti, osebenza nabo nabangane-ngokululama kwakhe. “Ngizamile ukubona amahlaya kukho konke, engicabanga ukuthi kusizile,” usho kanje. Ngaphezu kokwelashwa ngokomzimba, u-Gilmor, osabhekana nobuthakathaka ohlangothini lwakhe lwesobunxele, waqala kancane ukukhuphuka amadwala nendodana yakhe njengendlela yokuvuselela amandla akhe.

Kodwa ukugijima kwakuwumgomo wakhe wangempela. "Indodana yami yathi kimi, 'Mama, ngicabanga ukuthi uzoba ngcono lapho uzokwazi ukugijima futhi.' Vele lokho kungenze ngaba ngathi, 'Kulungile-kufanele ngigijime!' "Kusho uGilmor. Njengamanje uziqeqeshela i-New York City Marathon ka-2015, futhi, empeleni, usanda kuqeda ibanga elide elingamakhilomitha angu-14.

"Akulula, ukuzama ukugijimisa imarathon," kusho uGilmor. "Kodwa thatha izinyathelo zezingane nje. Umbono wami manje yilokhu: Kuzomele udlule kwizaba zakho. Ungahle wesabe, kodwa kufanele ube mkhulu kunokwesaba."

Ongakwenza Manje

Akukho ongakwenza ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi awusoze washaywa unhlangothi. Kepha lawa masu ayisikhombisa angasiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bakho nokusekela abasindile banamuhla.

1. Yazi zonke izimpawu: Igama elithi FAST liyindawo ekahle yokuqala. Imele Ubuso obude, ubuthakathaka bengalo, ubunzima bokukhuluma, kanye ne-Time to call 911-okuhlanganisa izimpawu eziyinhloko zokushaywa unhlangothi. "Kodwa ngingasho ukuthi into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ngiyikhumbule ukuthi uma noma ubani eshintsha ngokuzumayo phambi kwamehlo akho, thola usizo," kusho uDkt Loomis. Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ze-FAST, ngokuzumayo ukuthuthuka kwezinkinga zokubona, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma noma ukuma mpo, ukukhuluma okungaqondakali, noma ngenye indlela kungabonakali njengomuntu ojwayelekile konke kungaba yizimpawu zesifo sohlangothi.

2. Qaphela izindlela ezithile: Odokotela bakaGilmor bakholelwa ukuthi ingozi yokuba nesifo sohlangothi iphakanyisiwe ngenxa yohlobo lokulawula inzalo aluthathile. "Noma yikuphi ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa kwama-hormone okuqukethe i-estrogen, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi amaningi okulawula ukuzalwa, ama-patches, nezindandatho zangasese, kwandisa ingozi yokwenza ihlule," kusho uLoomis. Ngokuvamile, lawo mahlule aphelela emthanjeni, hhayi umthambo. Kodwa uma unezinye izici eziyingozi, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ungase ufune ukukhuluma no-ob-gyn wakho mayelana nokushintsha ukulawulwa kokuzalwa. (Omunye umbhali wabelana ngokuthi kungani engeke aphinde aliphuze Iphilisi.)

3. Ungalokothi ungabunaki ubuhlungu bentamo: Cishe amaphesenti angu-20 we-ischemic stroke kubantu abadala abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-45-kuhlanganise ne-Roth's-ibangelwa ukuhlukaniswa kwe-artery yomlomo wesibeletho, noma ukudabuka emithanjeni yegazi eholela ebuchosheni, ucwaningo I-Open Neurology Journal imibukiso. Ukushayisana kwezimoto, ukukhwehlela noma ukuhlanza, kanye nokusonteka okungazelelwe noma ukunyakaza konke kungabangela lezi zinyembezi. ULoomis uthi lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele ugweme i-yoga (ngemuva kwakho konke, izigidi zabantu ziyajika futhi zinikine amakhanda nsuku zonke futhi kungenzeki lutho), kepha kufanele unake kakhulu indlela ozizwa ngayo ngemuva kokwenza noma yini edala ukunyakaza okungazelelwe intamo. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma isicanucanu, noma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinkinga zombono ngemva kwalokho, fika kudokotela wezibalo.

4. Yelule: Uzizwile izexwayiso mayelana nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uyasukuma futhi welule lapho undiza. Maningi amathuba okuthi uwashaye indiva-ikakhulukazi uma uke wahlala esihlalweni sefasitela. Kodwa ukuhamba ngendiza kungakhuthaza igazi ukuba lingene emilenzeni yakho, kwandise ingozi yakho yokwenza amahlule angadlulela ebuchosheni bakho, kusho uLoomis. (Odokotela bakaGilmor bacabanga ukuthi ukugibela ibhanoyi kwakamuva, kuhlangene nokusetshenziswa kwakhe kwePilisi, yikho okwamenza washaywa unhlangothi.) Umthetho omuhle wesithupha: Sukuma uzelule noma uhambe emaphasishi okungenani kanye ngehora.

5. Gcina amathebhu kulezi zinombolo: Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol njalo, futhi uma izinombolo ziqala ukunyonyobela endaweni "ephezulu kunokujwayelekile", buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze ubuye phansi, kuphakamisa u-Gorelick. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ulimaza imithambo yegazi, futhi i-cholesterol ephezulu ingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba nehlwili.

6. Namathela ekudleni okunempilo enempilo: U-Loomis uncoma ukudla kweMedithera, okukhonjisiwe ukunciphisa isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. "Kunenhlanzi eningi, amantongomane, nemifino, futhi nenyama ebomvu nezinto eziphansi," usho njalo. Qalisa ngalezi zokupheka ze-Mediterranean Diet. Ukudla lolu hlobo lokudla okuhlanzekile kuzokusiza nokuthi ugcine isisindo esinempilo, u-Gorelick noLoomis abavumayo ukuthi kungenye yezindlela ezilula zokunciphisa ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi.

7. Sekela abasindile: Uma ungazange uthintwe isifo sohlangothi, kungenzeka akudingeki ubheke kude ukuthola umuntu onakho: Njalo ngemizuzwana engama-40, umuntu unaye, futhi namuhla kunabasindile unhlangothi abayizigidi eziyizigidi eziyisithupha namashumi amahlanu abahlala e-US Futhi njengoba ULoomis uthi, "Ukushaywa unhlangothi umcimbi oguqula impilo ongaba nzima ukudlula kuwo, ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Ukuba noxhaso lokuxhaswa kwenza umehluko omkhulu." Ukusiza abasindile, iNational Stroke Association isanda kwethula inhlangano yabo ethi Come Back Strong. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuzibandakanya: ukushintsha isithombe sakho sephrofayela sibe uphawu oluthi Buya Unamandla, ukunikela ngemali, noma ukubamba iqhaza emcimbini we-Comeback Trail ngo-September 12-nikela umkhondo wendawo kumuntu osinde isifo sohlangothi omaziyo, futhi ungene kuso. ukuhlonishwa kwendlela yakhe yokululama ngalolo suku.

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