I-Telangiectasia (Imithambo Yesicabucabu)

-Delile

• Ukubona izimpawu ze-telangiectasia
• Ziyini izimbangela ze-telangiectasia?
• Ngubani osengozini yokuthola i-telangiectasia?
• Odokotela bayihlola kanjani i-telangiectasia?
• Ukwelashwa kwe-telangiectasia
• Uyini umbono we-telangiectasia?

Ukuqonda i-telangiectasia

I-Telangiectasia yisimo lapho ama-venule enwetshiwe (imithambo yegazi emincane) edala imigqa ebomvu noma amaphethini asesikhunjeni. Lawa maphethini, noma ama-telangiectases, akha kancane futhi kaningi ngamaqoqo. Ngezinye izikhathi zaziwa ngokuthi "imithambo yesicabucabu" ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okuhle nokufana newebhu.

Ama-Telangiectases ajwayelekile ezindaweni ezibonakala kalula (njengezindebe, ikhala, amehlo, iminwe nezihlathi). Kungadala ukungaphatheki kahle, futhi abanye abantu bakuthole kungathandeki. Abantu abaningi bakhetha ukuthi basuswe. Ukususwa kwenziwa ngokudala umonakalo emkhunjini bese kuwuphoqa ukuba uwe noma isibazi. Lokhu kunciphisa ukubonakala kwamamaki abomvu noma amaphethini esikhunjeni.

Ngenkathi ama-telangiectases ngokuvamile enobungozi, angaba uphawu lokugula okungathi sína. Isibonelo, i-telangiectasia eyopha ifa (HHT) yisimo esingajwayelekile sezakhi zofuzo esidala ama-telangiectases angasongela impilo. Esikhundleni sokwakha esikhunjeni, ama-telangiectases abangelwa yi-HHT avela ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile, njengesibindi. Zingaqhuma, zibangele ukopha okukhulu (ukopha).

Ukubona izimpawu ze-telangiectasia

Ama-Telangiectases angakhululeki. Imvamisa akusongeli impilo, kepha abanye abantu kungenzeka bangayithandi indlela ababukeka ngayo. Zikhula kancane kancane, kepha zingakhuliswa yimikhiqizo yezempilo nobuhle edala ukucasuka kwesikhumba, njengezinsipho ezihhahayo nezipanji.

Izimpawu zifaka:

• ubuhlungu (obuhlobene nengcindezi kuma-venule)
• ukulunywa
• amamaki abomvu anjengentambo esikhunjeni

Izimpawu ze-HHT zifaka:

• ukopha kaningi
• igazi elibomvu noma elimnyama elindle
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• isithuthwane
• imivimbo emincane
• itheku-iwayini ibala lokuzalwa

Ziyini izimbangela ze-telangiectasia?

Imbangela ngqo ye-telangiectasia ayaziwa. Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi izimbangela eziningi zingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ama-telangiectases. Lezi zimbangela zingaba zofuzo, ezemvelo, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Kukholakala ukuthi amacala amaningi we-telangiectasia adalwa wukuchayeka elangeni okungapheli noma amazinga okushisa kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zivame ukuvela emzimbeni lapho isikhumba sivame ukuvezwa yilanga nomoya.

Ezinye izimbangela kungenzeka zifaka:

• ukuphuza ngokweqile: kungathinta ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni futhi kungadala isifo sesibindi
• ukukhulelwa: kuvame ukufaka ingcindezi enkulu kuma-venule
• ukuguga: imithambo yegazi esegugile ingaqala ukuncipha
• i-rosacea: ikhulisa i-venule ebusweni, idale ukubonakala okuhlazekile ezihlathini nasemakhaleni
• ukusetshenziswa kwe-corticosteroid ejwayelekile: thins futhi buthaka isikhumba
• scleroderma: siqinisa futhi sivumelane nesikhumba
• I-dermatomyositis: ivutha isikhumba nezicubu zemisipha ezingaphansi
• i-systemic lupus erythematosus: ingakhuphula ukuzwela kwesikhumba ekukhanyeni kwelanga namazinga okushisa aqine

Izimbangela ze-telangiectasia ezophayo njengefa zizofuzo. Abantu abane-HHT bathola lesi sifo kumzali oyedwa. Izakhi zofuzo ezinhlanu kusolwa ukuthi zidale i-HHT, kanti ezintathu ziyaziwa. Abantu abane-HHT bathola isakhi sofuzo esisodwa esijwayelekile kanye nesakhi sofuzo esisodwa esiguquliwe noma izakhi zofuzo ezimbili eziguquliwe (kuthatha kuphela isakhi sofuzo esisodwa esiguqukile ukudala i-HHT).

Ngubani osengozini yokuthola i-telangiectasia?

I-Telangiectasia yisifo esijwayelekile sesikhumba, ngisho naphakathi kwabantu abaphilile. Kodwa-ke, abantu abathile basengozini yokuthola ama-telangiectases kunabanye. Lokhu kufaka phakathi labo:

• sebenza ngaphandle
• hlala noma ume usuku lonke
• ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala
• abakhulelwe
• asebekhulile noma asebekhulile (ama-telangiectases kungenzeka ukuthi akhe njengobudala besikhumba)
• une-rosacea, i-scleroderma, i-dermatomyositis, noma i-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
• sebenzisa i-corticosteroids

Odokotela bayihlola kanjani i-telangiectasia?

Odokotela bangathembela kwizimpawu zomtholampilo zalesi sifo. I-Telangiectasia ibonakala kalula kusuka emigqeni ebomvu efana nentambo noma amaphethini eyakha esikhunjeni. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho sifo esiyimbangela. Izifo ezihambisana ne-telangiectasia zifaka:

• I-HHT (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome): ukuphazamiseka okuzuzwe njengefa kwemithambo yegazi esikhumbeni nasezitho zangaphakathi ezingadala ukopha ngokweqile
• Isifo i-Sturge-Weber: ukugula okungajwayelekile okubanga ibala lokuzalwa le-port-wine kanye nezinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa
• i-spider angiomas: iqoqo elingajwayelekile lemithambo yegazi eduze kwesikhumba
• i-xeroderma pigmentosum: isimo esingajwayelekile lapho isikhumba namehlo kuzwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet

I-HHT ingadala ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi engajwayelekile ebizwa nge-arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Lokhu kungenzeka ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba. Lawa ma-AVM avumela ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwemithambo nemithambo ngaphandle kwama-capillary angenele. Lokhu kungaholela ekopha (ukopha kakhulu). Lokhu kuphuma kwegazi kungaba yingozi uma kwenzeka ebuchosheni, esibindini noma emaphashini.

Ukuthola i-HHT, odokotela bangenza i-MRI noma i-CT scan ukubheka ukopha noma ukungajwayelekile emzimbeni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-telangiectasia

Ukwelashwa kugxile ekwenzeni ngcono ukubukeka kwesikhumba. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zifaka:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-laser: i-laser ihlose umkhumbi okhulisiwe futhi iwuvale (lokhu kuvame ukufaka ubuhlungu obuncane futhi kunesikhathi sokululama esifushane)
• ukuhlinzwa: imikhumbi enwetshiwe ingasuswa (lokhu kungaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi kungaholela ekutholeni isikhathi eside)
• i-sclerotherapy: igxila ekonakaliseni ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lomthambo wegazi ngokulujova ngesixazululo samakhemikhali esibangela ukujiya kwegazi okuwayo, ukuqina, noma izibazi ze-venule (imvamisa akukho ukutholakala okudingekayo, yize kungahle kube nemikhawulo ethile yokuvivinya umzimba okwesikhashana )

Ukwelashwa kwe-HHT kungafaka:

• ukuhlanganisa ukuvimba noma ukuvala umthambo wegazi
• Ukwelashwa nge-laser ukumisa ukopha
• ukuhlinzwa

Uyini umbono we-telangiectasia?

Ukwelashwa kungathuthukisa ukubukeka kwesikhumba. Labo abanokwelashwa bangalindela ukuphila impilo ejwayelekile ngemuva kokululama. Ngokuya ngezingxenye zomzimba lapho kutholakala khona ama-AVM, abantu abane-HHT nabo bangaba nempilo ejwayelekile.