I-Tenofovir, Ithebhulethi Yomlomo

-Delile

• Amaphuzu avelele we-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
• Yini i-tenofovir?
• Kungani kusetshenziswa
• Isebenza kanjani
• Imiphumela emibi ye-Tenofovir
• Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile
• Imiphumela emibi kakhulu
• I-Tenofovir ingaxhumana neminye imithi
• Ama-antibiotic avela eqenjini le-aminoglycoside
• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID)
• Isidakamizwa segciwane le-Hepatitis B
• Izidambisigciwane (hhayi izidakamizwa ze-HIV)
• Izidakamizwa ze-HIV
• Izidakamizwa zegciwane le-Hepatitis C
• Ungayithatha kanjani i-tenofovir
• Amafomu wezidakamizwa namandla
• Isilinganiso sokutheleleka nge-HIV (i-Viread ne-generic kuphela)
• Umthamo wokutheleleka ngegciwane lesifo sofuba esingapheli (i-Viread ne-generic kuphela)
• Umthamo wokutheleleka ngegciwane lesifo sofuba esingapheli (i-Vemlidy kuphela)
• Ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile komthamo
• Izexwayiso ze-Tenofovir
• Isexwayiso se-FDA: Kubantu abanegciwane lesifo i-hepatitis B
  
• Ezinye izexwayiso
• Ukuxwayisa umsebenzi wezinso
• Isexwayiso kubantu abanesifo sezinso
• Ezinye izixwayiso zemithi ye-HIV
• Isexwayiso sabesifazane abakhulelwe
• Isexwayiso sabesifazane abancelisayo
• Isexwayiso sabadala
• Thatha njengoba kuqondisiwe
• Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokuthatha i-tenofovir
• Jikelele
• Isitoreji
• Ukugcwalisa kabusha
• Ukuvakasha
• Ukuqapha komtholampilo
• Ukutholakala
• Izindleko ezifihliwe
• Ngaphambi kokugunyazwa
• Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Amaphuzu avelele we-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

1. Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Tenofovir iyatholakala njengesidakamizwa esijwayelekile futhi njengesidakamizwa esinegama lomkhiqizo. Igama lomkhiqizo: Viread, Vemlidy.
2. I-Tenofovir iza ngezindlela ezimbili: i-tablet yomlomo kanye ne-powder yomlomo.
3. Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Tenofovir ivunyelwe ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane lesifo sohlobo lwe-hepatitis B okungamahlalakhona.

Yini i-tenofovir?

I-Tenofovir ngumuthi kadokotela. Kuza njengethebhulethi yomlomo kanye ne-powder yomlomo.

Ithebhulethi yomlomo yeTenofovir iyatholakala njengesidakamizwa esijwayelekile futhi njengezidakamizwa ezinegama lomkhiqizo UViread noVemlidy.

Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswa njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe. Lokho kusho ukuthi kungenzeka uthathe lesi sidakamizwa ngokuhlangana nezinye izidakamizwa ukwelapha isimo sakho.

Kungani kusetshenziswa

I-Tenofovir isetshenziselwa ukwelapha:

• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV, kuhlangene neminye imishanguzo yokuthithibalisa leli gciwane. Lesi sidakamizwa asiliqedi igciwane ngokuphelele, kepha liyasiza ukulilawula.
• ukutheleleka kwegciwane lesifo sofuba esingapheli.

Isebenza kanjani

I-Tenofovir ingeyesigaba semithi ebizwa nge-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Futhi kuyigciwane le-hepatitis B reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI). Isigaba semithi siyiqembu lemithi esebenza ngendlela efanayo. Le mithi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifanayo.

I-Tenofovir isebenza ngendlela efanayo ekuthelelekeni nge-HIV kanye nokutheleleka nge-hepatitis B okungamahlalakhona okungamahlalakhona. Kuvimba ukusebenza kwe-reverse transcriptase, i-enzyme edingekayo ukuze igciwane ngalinye lizenzele amakhophi alo. Ukuvimba i-reverse transcriptase kunganciphisa inani legciwane egazini lakho.

I-Tenofovir nayo ingakhuphula isibalo samaseli e-CD4. Amaseli e-CD4 ngamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi alwa nokutheleleka.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Tenofovir

Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Tenofovir ayibangeli ukozela, kodwa ingadala eminye imiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile

Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile eyenzeka nge-tenofovir ifaka:

• ukudana
• ubuhlungu
• ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• isifo sohudo
• ikhanda
• inkathazo yokulala
• isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• ukuqubuka

Uma le miphumela imnene, ingahle ihambe zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ambalwa. Uma zinzima kakhulu noma zingahambi, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu

Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Shayela u-911 uma izimpawu zakho zizizwa zisongela impilo noma uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Imiphumela emibi kanye nezimpawu zayo zingafaka okulandelayo:

• I-Lactic acidosis. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • ubuthakathaka
  • ubuhlungu bemisipha
  • ubuhlungu besisu nesicanucanu nokuhlanza
  • ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma okusheshayo
  • isiyezi
  • inkinga yokuphefumula
  • imizwa yokubanda emilenzeni nasezingalweni
• Ukwandiswa kwesibindi. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • umchamo omnyama
  • ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungaphatheki kahle
  • ukukhathala
  • isikhumba esiphuzi
  • isicanucanu
• Ukutheleleka kwegciwane le-hepatitis B okwandisa amandla. Izimpawu zingafaka:
  • ubuhlungu besisu
  • umchamo omnyama
  • imfiva
  • isicanucanu
  • ubuthakathaka
  • ukuphuzi kwesikhumba kanye namhlophe kwamehlo akho (i-jaundice)
• Ukuncipha kwamaminerali amathambo
• Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba. Izimpawu zingafaka lezo zezifo ezedlule.
• Ukulimala kwezinso nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwezinso. Lokhu kungenzeka kancane ngaphandle kwezimpawu eziningi, noma kubangele izimpawu ezinjenge:
  • ukukhathala
  • ubuhlungu
  • ukukhukhumeza

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uxoxa ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo owazi umlando wakho wezokwelapha.

I-Tenofovir ingaxhumana neminye imithi

Ithebhulethi yomlomo ye-Tenofovir ingaxhumana neminye imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi okungenzeka ukuthi uwaphuza. Ukusebenzisana kulapho into iguqula indlela umuthi osebenza ngayo. Lokhu kungaba yingozi noma kuvimbele umuthi ukuthi usebenze kahle.

Ukusiza ukugwema ukuxhumana, udokotela wakho kufanele aphathe yonke imithi yakho ngokucophelela. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, noma amakhambi owathathayo. Ukuthola ukuthi lo muthi ungahlangana kanjani nokunye okuthathayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.

Izibonelo zemithi engadala ukusebenzisana ne-tenofovir zibalwe ngezansi.

Ama-antibiotic avela eqenjini le-aminoglycoside

Ukuthatha ama-antibiotic athile nge-tenofovir kungandisa ingozi yokulimala kwezinso. Le mithi ikakhulukazi imishanguzo efakwa emithanjeni (IV) enikezwa ezibhedlela. Kubandakanya:

• i-gentamicin
• amikacin
• umagazine

Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID)

Ngenkathi uthatha i-tenofovir, ungasebenzisi imithamo ephezulu yama-NSAID, uthathe okungaphezu kokukodwa ngesikhathi, noma uwathathe isikhathi eside. Ukwenza lezi zinto kungaholela ekulimaleni kwezinso. Izibonelo zama-NSAID zifaka:

• lindokuhle
• ibuprofen
• ketoprofen
• umabhebhana
• pyoxicam

Isidakamizwa segciwane le-Hepatitis B

Ungasebenzisi i-adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera) kanye ne-tenofovir.

Izidambisigciwane (hhayi izidakamizwa ze-HIV)

Ukuthatha imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane nge-tenofovir kungandisa ingozi yokulimala kwezinso. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• cidofovir
• acyclovir
• valacyclovir
• ganciclovir
• valgancyclovir

Izidakamizwa ze-HIV

Uma udinga ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile ye-HIV nge-tenofovir, udokotela wakho angashintsha isilinganiso sakho se-tenofovir noma esinye isidakamizwa se-HIV. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• i-atazanavir (i-Reyataz, iyodwa noma "ikhulisiwe" nge-ritonavir)
• darunavir (Prezista), "kukhulisiwe" nge-ritonavir
• i-didanosine (Videx)
• lopinavir / ritonavir (Kaletra)

Imithi ye-HIV engezansi kwayo yonke iqukethe i-tenofovir. Ukuthatha le mithi kanye ne-tenofovir kuzonyusa inani le-tenofovir oyitholayo. Ukuthola isidakamizwa esiningi kungakhuphula ubungozi bakho bemiphumela emibi. Eminye yale miphumela emibi ingaba mibi, njengokulimala kwezinso.

Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• efavirenz / emtricitabine / tenofovir (Atripla)
• bictegravir / emtricitabine / tenofovir alafenamide (iBiktarvy)
• emtricitabine / rilpirivine / tenofovir (Complera)
• emtricitabine / tenofovir (Descovy)
• elvitegravir / cobicistat / emtricitabine / tenofovir (Genvoya)
• emtricitabine / rilpirivine / tenofovir (Odefsey)
• elvitegravir / cobicistat / emtricitabine / tenofovir (Stribild)
• emtricitabine / tenofovir (eTruvada)
• i-doravirine / lamivudine / tenofovir (Delstrigo)
• i-efavirenz / lamivudine / tenofovir (iSymfi, iSymfi Lo)

Izidakamizwa zegciwane le-Hepatitis C

Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezithile ze-hepatitis C nge-tenofovir kungakhuphula amazinga e-tenofovir emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kungadala imiphumela emibi eminingi evela emuthini. Izibonelo zale mithi zifaka:

• ledipasvir / sofosbuvir (Harvoni)
• i-sofosbuvir / velpatasvir / voxilaprevir (Yonkevi)

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zisebenzisana ngokwehlukile kumuntu ngamunye, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu lwazi lubandakanya konke ukuxhumana okungenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuhlangana okungenzeka ngayo yonke imishanguzo kadokotela, amavithamini, amakhambi nezithako, kanye nemithi oyithenga uphuza yona.

Ungayithatha kanjani i-tenofovir

Yonke imithamo namafomu okungenzeka angafakwa lapha. Umthamo wakho, ifomu, nokuthi ulithatha kangaki kuzoya ngokuthi:

• iminyaka yakho
• isimo esilashwa
• sinzima kangakanani isimo sakho
• ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo
• ukuthi usabela kanjani esilinganisweni sokuqala

Amafomu wezidakamizwa namandla

Okujwayelekile: I-Tenofovir

• Ifomu: ithebhulethi yomlomo
• Amandla: 150 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 300 mg

Umkhiqizo: IViread

• Ifomu: ithebhulethi yomlomo
• Amandla: 150 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 300 mg

Umkhiqizo: Vemlidy

• Ifomu: ithebhulethi yomlomo
• Amandla: 25 mg

Isilinganiso sokutheleleka nge-HIV (i-Viread ne-generic kuphela)

Isikali sabantu abadala (abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu abanesisindo okungenani esingu-77 lb. [35 kg])

Umthamo ojwayelekile uyithebhulethi eyodwa engama-300-mg ngosuku.

Isilinganiso sengane (seminyaka eyi-12-17 iminyaka enesisindo okungenani esingu-77 lb. [35 kg])

Umthamo ojwayelekile uyithebhulethi eyodwa engama-300-mg ngosuku.

Umthamo wengane (uneminyaka engu-2-11 ubudala noma unesisindo esingaphansi kuka-77 lb. [35 kg])

Udokotela wengane yakho uzohlinzeka ngomthamo osuselwa kusisindo esithile somntwana wakho.

Isikali sengane (iminyaka yobudala engu-0-23 izinyanga)

Isilinganiso sabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 asikasungulwa.

Umthamo wokutheleleka ngegciwane lesifo sofuba esingapheli (i-Viread ne-generic kuphela)

Isikali sabantu abadala (abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu abanesisindo okungenani esingu-77 lb. [35 kg])

Umthamo ojwayelekile uyithebhulethi eyodwa engama-300-mg ngosuku.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka eyi-12-17 yeminyaka enesisindo okungenani esingu-77 lb. [35 kg])

Umthamo ojwayelekile uyithebhulethi eyodwa engama-300-mg ngosuku.

Isilinganiso sengane (seminyaka eyi-12-17 iminyaka nesisindo esingaphansi kuka-77 lb. [35 kg])

Isilinganiso asisungulwanga izingane ezinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-77 lb. (35 kg).

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka engu-0-11 iminyaka)

Isilinganiso sabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12 asikasungulwa.

Umthamo wokutheleleka ngegciwane lesifo sofuba esingapheli (i-Vemlidy kuphela)

Isilinganiso sabadala (abaneminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu)

Umthamo ojwayelekile uyithebhulethi eyodwa engama-25-mg ngosuku.

Isilinganiso sengane (iminyaka yobudala engu-0-17)

Isilinganiso sabantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 asikasungulwa.

Ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile komthamo

Okwabadala: Uma uneminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu, udokotela wakho angalungisa isilinganiso sakho. Ungaba nezinguquko ezifana nokwehla kokusebenza kwezinso, okungadala ukuthi udinge umthamo ophansi wezidakamizwa.

Kubantu abanesifo sezinso: Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha i-tenofovir. Lesi sidakamizwa sisuswa emzimbeni wakho ngezinso zakho. Isifo sezinso singakhuphula amazinga ezidakamizwa emzimbeni wakho, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu. Udokotela wakho angakunika isilinganiso esincane.

Ukuzikhulula: Inhloso yethu ukukunikeza imininingwane efanelekile futhi yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngoba izidakamizwa zithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lolu hlu lubandakanya yonke imithamo engenzeka. Lolu lwazi aluyithathi indawo yeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala ukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngemithamo ekufanele.

Izexwayiso ze-Tenofovir

Isexwayiso se-FDA: Kubantu abanegciwane lesifo i-hepatitis B

• Lesi sidakamizwa sinesixwayiso sebhokisi elimnyama. Lesi yisexwayiso esibi kakhulu esivela ku-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Izixwayiso zebhokisi elimnyama zixwayisa odokotela neziguli ngemiphumela yezidakamizwa engaba yingozi.
• Uma unegciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B futhi uthatha i-tenofovir kodwa bese uyayeka ukukuthatha, i-hepatitis B yakho ingaqubuka futhi ibe yimbi. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho eduze uma uyeka ukwelashwa. Ungadinga ukuqala ukwelashwa kwe-hepatitis B futhi.

Ezinye izexwayiso

Ukuxwayisa umsebenzi wezinso

Lesi sidakamizwa singadala ukusebenza kwezinso okusha noma okuwohlokayo. Udokotela wakho kufanele aqaphe ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa ngalo muthi.

Isexwayiso kubantu abanesifo sezinso

I-Tenofovir ihlungwa ngezinso zakho. Uma unesifo sezinso, ukusithatha kungadala umonakalo omkhulu ezinsweni zakho. Umthamo wakho ungadinga ukwehliswa.

Ezinye izixwayiso zemithi ye-HIV

I-Tenofovir akufanele isetshenziswe nemikhiqizo yezinhlanganisela esevele iqukethe i-tenofovir. Ukuhlanganisa le mikhiqizo ne-tenofovir kungadala ukuthi uthole umuthi omningi kakhulu futhi kuholele emiphumeleni emibi eminingi. Izibonelo zalezi zidakamizwa ezihlanganisiwe zifaka:

• I-Atripla
• IComplera
• I-Descovy
• UGenvoya
• U-Odefsey
• Stribild
• Truvada

Isexwayiso sabesifazane abakhulelwe

I-Tenofovir isidakamizwa sesigaba B sokukhulelwa. Lokho kusho izinto ezimbili:

1. Izifundo zomuthi ezilwaneni ezikhulelwe azikhombisanga ubungozi enganeni.
2. Azikho izifundo ezanele ezenziwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukukhombisa ukuthi umuthi ubeka engcupheni umbungu

Azikakabi khona izifundo ezanele ngomthelela we-tenofovir kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. I-Tenofovir kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uma kudingeka ngokusobala.

Isexwayiso sabesifazane abancelisayo

Ithi-ke uma une-HIV akufanele uncelise ibele, ngoba i-HIV ingadluliselwa ngobisi lwebele iye enganeni yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-tenofovir idluliswa ngobisi lwebele futhi ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu enganeni enceliswa ibele.

Isexwayiso sabadala

Uma uneminyaka engama-65 noma ngaphezulu, umzimba wakho ungacubungula lo muthi ngokunensa. Udokotela wakho angakuqala kumthamo owehlisiwe ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi lo muthi omningi awakhi emzimbeni wakho. Umuthi omningi kakhulu emzimbeni wakho ungaba yingozi.

Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi:

• ukwanda komkhuhlane
• ikhanda
• ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ukuvuvukala kwezindlala
• ukujuluka ebusuku

Thatha njengoba kuqondisiwe

I-Tenofovir isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kokutheleleka nge-HIV. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kudinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezempilo uma ungawuthathi lo muthi ngendlela udokotela wakho akutshela ngayo.

Uma uyeka, uphuthelwa imithamo, noma ungayithathi ngesikhathi: Ukugcina i-HIV yakho ilawulwa, udinga inani elithile le-tenofovir emzimbeni wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma uyeka ukuthatha i-tenofovir yakho, uphuthelwa imithamo, noma ungayithathi ngendlela ejwayelekile, inani lemithi emzimbeni wakho liyashintsha. Ukulahlekelwa imithamo embalwa kwanele ukuvumela i-HIV ukuthi imelane nalo muthi. Lokhu kungaholela ezifweni ezinkulu nasezinkinga zempilo.

Ukuze ulawule ukutheleleka kwakho kwe-hepatitis B, imithi idinga ukuphuzwa njalo. Ukulahlekelwa imithamo eminingi kunganciphisa ukuthi isebenza kanjani imithi.

Ukuphuza umuthi wakho ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke kwandisa amandla akho okugcina i-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis C kulawulwa.

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo: Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo wakho, wuthathe ngokushesha lapho ukhumbula. Uma kungamahora ambalwa kuphela kuze kufike umthamo wakho olandelayo, linda ukuthatha umthamo owodwa ngesikhathi esijwayelekile.

Thatha umthamo owodwa nje ngesikhathi. Ungalokothi uzame ukuthola ngokuthatha amanani amabili ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi eyingozi, njengokulimala kwezinso.

Ungasho kanjani ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza: Uma usebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa i-HIV, udokotela wakho uzohlola isibalo sakho se-CD4 ukuthola ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza yini. Amaseli e-CD4 ngamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi alwa nokutheleleka. Izinga elikhulisiwe lamaseli e-CD4 kuwuphawu lokuthi umuthi uyasebenza.

Uma usebenzisa lo muthi ukutheleleka okungatheni kwe-hepatitis B, udokotela wakho uzohlola inani le-DNA yegciwane egazini lakho. Izinga elincishisiwe legciwane egazini lakho kuwuphawu lokuthi umuthi uyasebenza.

Ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokuthatha i-tenofovir

Gcina lokhu kubheka engqondweni uma udokotela wakho ekuhlolela i-tenofovir.

Jikelele

• Ungaphuza amaphilisi ejwayelekile we-tenofovir namaphilisi eViread ngokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Kodwa-ke, kufanele njalo uthathe amaphilisi eVemlidy ngokudla.
• Ungasika noma uqede amaphilisi e-tenofovir.

Isitoreji

• Gcina amaphilisi e-tenofovir ekamelweni lokushisa: 77 ° F (25 ° C). Zingagcinwa isikhathi esifushane emazingeni okushisa we-59 ° F kuye ku-86 ° F (15 ° C kuye ku-30 ​​° C).
• Gcina ibhodlela livaliwe ngokuqinile futhi kude nokukhanya nomswakama.
• Ungawugcini lo muthi ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezinomswakama, njengezindlu zangasese.

Ukugcwalisa kabusha

Imibhalo kadokotela yalomuthi iyagcwaliseka. Akudingeki ukuthi unikezwe umuthi omusha kadokotela ukuze ugcwaliswe futhi lo muthi. Udokotela wakho uzobhala inani lama-refill eligunyazwe kudokotela wakho.

Ukuvakasha

Lapho uhamba nemithi yakho:

• Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha imithi yakho. Lapho undiza, ungalokothi uwufake esikhwameni esihloliwe. Yigcine esikhwameni sakho sokuthwala.
• Ungakhathazeki ngemishini ye-X-ray yesikhumulo sezindiza. Abakwazi ukulimaza umuthi wakho.
• Ungadinga ukukhombisa abasebenzi bezindiza ilebula lekhemisi lemithi yakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha isitsha sokuqala esinelebula kadokotela.
• Ungafaki lo muthi egumbini legilavu ​​lemoto yakho noma uwushiye emotweni. Qinisekisa ukugwema ukwenza lokhu lapho isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu noma sibanda kakhulu.

Ukuqapha komtholampilo

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho nge-tenofovir, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesisindo samathambo: I-Tenofovir inganciphisa ukuqina kwamathambo akho. Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ezikhethekile njengokuskena kwethambo ukukala ukuminyana kwethambo lakho.
• Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wezinso: Lesi sidakamizwa sisuswa emzimbeni wakho ngezinso zakho. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho ngaphambi kokwelashwa futhi angakuhlola ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe udinga noma yikuphi ukulungiswa komthamo.
• Okunye ukuhlolwa kwelebhu: Intuthuko yakho nempumelelo yokwelashwa kungalinganiswa ngokuhlolwa okuthile kwelebhu.Udokotela wakho angahlola amazinga egciwane egazini lakho noma alinganise amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ukuze ahlole intuthuko yakho.

Ukutholakala

• Akuwona wonke amakhemisi agcina lo muthi. Lapho ugcwalisa incwadi kadokotela, qiniseka ukuthi ushayela phambili ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ikhemisi lakho liyawuphatha.
• Uma udinga amaphilisi ambalwa kuphela, kufanele ushaye ucingo ubuze ukuthi ikhemisi lakho likhipha inani elincane kuphela lamaphilisi. Amanye amakhemisi awakwazi ukukhipha ingxenye yebhodlela kuphela.
• Lesi sidakamizwa sivame ukutholakala kumakhemisi akhethekile ngohlelo lwakho lomshuwalense. La makhemisi asebenza njengama-pharmacy e-mail futhi athumele umuthi kuwe.
• Emadolobheni amakhulu, kuzovame ukuba namakhemisi e-HIV lapho ungagcwaliselwa khona imiyalo yakho. Buza udokotela wakho uma kukhona ikhemisi le-HIV endaweni yangakini.

Izindleko ezifihliwe

Ngenkathi uthatha i-tenofovir, ungadinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwelebhu, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuskena kwamathambo (kwenziwa kanye ngonyaka noma ngaphansi kaningi)
• ukuhlolwa kwezinso

Ngaphambi kokugunyazwa

Izinkampani eziningi zomshuwalense zidinga ukugunyazwa kwangaphambili kwalomuthi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuthola imvume enkampanini yakho yomshuwalense ngaphambi kokuba inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ikhokhele incwadi kadokotela. Udokotela wakho kungadingeka ukuthi enze amaphepha, futhi lokhu kungalibazisa ukwelashwa kwakho isonto elilodwa noma amabili.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela?

Kunezindlela zokwelashwa eziningana ezihlukile ze-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis B. engapheli B. Ezinye zingakulungela wena kunezinye. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinye izindlela ezingenzeka.

Ukuzikhulula: I-Healthline yenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lonke ulwazi luyiqiniso, luphelele futhi lusesikhathini. Kodwa-ke, le ndatshana akufanele isetshenziswe njengokungena esikhundleni solwazi nobungoti bochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo onelayisense. Kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imuphi umuthi. Imininingwane yezidakamizwa equkethwe lapha ingashintsha futhi ayihloselwe ukumboza konke ukusetshenziswa okungaba khona, izinkomba, izixwayiso, izexwayiso, ukuxhumana kwezidakamizwa, ukungezwani komzimba, noma imiphumela emibi. Ukungabikho kwezixwayiso noma olunye ulwazi lomuthi othile awukhombisi ukuthi inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa noma yezidakamizwa iphephile, iyasebenza, noma ilungele zonke iziguli noma konke ukusetshenziswa okuthile.