Yini Engase Ihambe Okungalungile ku-Trimester Yesithathu?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Siyini isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?
• Ukwelashwa
• Kuyini i-preeclampsia?
• Izimpawu
• Ukwelashwa
• Imbangela nokuvimbela
• Uyini umsebenzi wokuqala?
• Izimpawu
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukuqhekeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqamuzana (i-PROM)
• Ukwelashwa
• Izinkinga nge-placenta (previa nokuqubuka)
• I-Placenta previa
• Ukuphazamiseka kweplacental
• Umkhawulo wokukhula kwe-intrauterine (IUGR)
• Ukukhulelwa ngemuva kwesikhathi
• I-Meconium aspiration syndrome
• I-Malpresentation (ibreech, amanga ajikelezayo)

Ukubuka konke

Amaviki angama-28 kuye kwangama-40 aletha ukufika kwe-trimester yesithathu. Lesi sikhathi esithokozisayo nakanjani isendlalelo somama abakhulelwe, kodwa futhi yisikhathi lapho kungenzeka khona izinkinga. Njengoba nje ama-trimesters amabili okuqala angaletha izinselelo zawo, kanjalo nesithathu.

Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kubaluleke kakhulu ku-trimester yesithathu ngoba izinhlobo zezinkinga ezingavela ngalesi sikhathi zilawulwa kalula uma zitholwa kusenesikhathi.

Kungenzeka uqale ukuvakashela udokotela obelethisa njalo ngesonto kusuka emasontweni angama-28 kuye kwangama-36 bese kanye kanye ngesonto kuze kufike omncane wakho.

Siyini isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa?

Abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe e-United States banesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa komzimba sivela ngoba ushintsho lwama-hormone lokukhulelwa lwenza kube nzima kakhulu emzimbeni wakho ukusebenzisa ngempumelelo i-insulin. Lapho i-insulin ingakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokwehlisa ushukela wegazi uye emazingeni ajwayelekile, umphumela uba amazinga aphezulu kashukela ngokweqile (ushukela wegazi).

Iningi labesifazane alinazo izimpawu. Yize lesi simo ngokuvamile singeyona ingozi kumama, sidala izinkinga eziningana ngombungu. Ngokuqondile, i-macrosomia (ukukhula ngokweqile) kwe-fetus ingakhuphula amathuba okulethwa kwe-cearean kanye nengozi yokulimala kokuzalwa. Lapho amazinga e-glucose elawulwa kahle, ama-macrosomia mancane kakhulu.

Ekuqaleni kwe-trimester yesithathu (phakathi kwamasonto angama-24 no-28), bonke abesifazane kufanele bahlolelwe isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose (okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kokuphonselwa inselelo kwe-glucose), uzosebenzisa isiphuzo esiqukethe inani elithile le-glucose (ushukela). Ngesikhathi esithile kamuva, udokotela wakho uzohlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.

Ekuhlolweni kokubekezelela i-glucose yomlomo, uzila ukudla okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili bese unama-milligram ayi-100 kashukela, ngemuva kwalokho kuhlolwe amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Lawo mazinga azolinganiswa ngehora elilodwa, amabili, noma amathathu ngemuva kokuphuza i-glucose.

Amanani ajwayelekile alindelekile yile:

• ngemuva kokuzila ukudla, ingaphansi kwama-milligram angama-95 nge-deciliter ngayinye (mg / dL)
• ngemuva kwehora elilodwa, liphansi kune-180 mg / dL
• ngemuva kwamahora amabili, ingaphansi kuka-155 mg / dL
• ngemuva kwamahora amathathu, ingaphansi kuka-140 mg / dL

Uma imiphumela emibili kwemithathu iphakeme kakhulu, owesifazane kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Ukwelashwa

Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa singelashwa ngokudla, ushintsho endleleni yokuphila, kanye nemithi, kwezinye izimo. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma izinguquko zokudla, njengokunciphisa ukudla kwakho kwe-carbohydrate nokwandisa izithelo nemifino.

Ukungeza ukuzivocavoca okunomthelela ophansi nakho kungasiza. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angakunika i-insulin.

Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa sivame ukuhamba ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ushukela wegazi uzobhekwa ngemuva kokulethwa ukuze uqiniseke.

Kodwa-ke, owesifazane oye waba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa unengozi enkulu yokuba nesifo sikashukela kamuva empilweni kunowesifazane ongazange abe nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Lesi simo singaphinde sibe nomthelela emathubeni okuthi owesifazane akhulelwe futhi. Kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela ancoma ukuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini lowesifazane ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ayalawulwa ngaphambi kokuba azame ukuthola enye ingane.

Kuyini i-preeclampsia?

I-Preeclampsia yisimo esibi kakhulu esenza ukuvakashelwa njalo kokubeletha kubaluleke kakhulu. Isimo ngokuvamile senzeka ngemuva kwamasonto angama-20 ekhulelwe futhi singadala izinkinga ezinkulu kumama nasenganeni.

Abesifazane abaphakathi kuka-5 no-8% bahlangabezana nalesi simo. Intsha, abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-35 nangaphezulu, nabesifazane abakhulelwe ingane yabo yokuqala basengozini enkulu. Abesifazane base-Afrika baseMelika basengozini enkulu.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu zalesi simo zifaka umfutho wegazi ophakeme, amaprotheni emchameni, ukukhuluphala okungazelelwe nokuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo. Noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.

Ukuvakashelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kubalulekile ngoba ukuhlolwa okwenziwe phakathi nalokhu kuvakashelwa kungathola izimpawu ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme nokwanda kwamaprotheni emchameni. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-preeclampsia ingaholela ku-eclampsia (ukuquleka), ukwehluleka kwezinso, futhi, kwesinye isikhathi nokufa kumama nasesibelethweni.

Isibonakaliso sokuqala udokotela wakho ajwayele ukusibona umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngesikhathi sokuvakashelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha. Futhi, amaprotheni angatholakala emchameni wakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komchamo. Abanye besifazane bangathola isisindo esikhulu kunokulindelekile. Abanye baba nekhanda, ukushintsha kombono, nobuhlungu besisu.

Abesifazane akufanele nanini bazishaye indiva izimpawu ze-preeclampsia.

Funa ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo uma uvuvukale ngokushesha ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni, ezandleni noma ebusweni. Ezinye izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo zifaka:

• ikhanda elingapheli ngemithi
• ukulahleka kombono
• "Okuntantayo" kumbono wakho
• ubuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini lwakho lokunene noma esiswini sakho
• ukulinyazwa okulula
• ukuncipha kwenani lomchamo
• ukuphelelwa umoya

Lezi zimpawu zingaphakamisa i-preeclampsia enzima.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi, okufana nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso nokuhlolwa kwegazi, kungaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi kungathola izifo ezinzima.

Ukwelashwa

Indlela udokotela wakho ayiphatha ngayo i-preeclampsia incike ebukhulwini bayo nokuthi ubude kangakanani lapho ukhulelwe. Ukuletha ingane yakho kungadingeka ukuze uvikele wena nengane yakho.

Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngezinto eziningana ngokuya ngamasonto akho okukhulelwa. Uma uluvala usuku lwakho olubekiwe kungaphepha kakhulu ukubeletha ingane.

Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela ukuze ubonwe futhi uphathe umfutho wegazi lakho kuze kube yilapho umntwana esekhule ngokwanele ukuba angabeletha. Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kwamasonto angama-34, mhlawumbe uzonikezwa imithi yokusheshisa ukukhula kwamaphaphu engane.

I-Preeclampsia ingaqhubeka nokulethwa okwedlule, kepha iningi labesifazane izimpawu ziqala ukuncipha ngemuva kokubeletha. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi imishanguzo yegazi ibekwa isikhashana ngemuva kokubeletha.

Izidakamizwa zingabekwa ukuphatha i-edema ye-pulmonary (uketshezi emaphashini). I-Magnesium sulfate enikezwe ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokulethwa ingasiza ekunciphiseni izingozi zokubanjwa. Owesifazane obenezimpawu ze-preeclampsia ngaphambi kokubeletha uzoqhubeka nokubhekwa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane.

Uma uke waba ne-preeclampsia, usengozini enkulu yokuba nalesi simo ngokukhulelwa okuzayo. Njalo khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yakho.

Imbangela nokuvimbela

Naphezu kweminyaka yocwaningo lwesayensi, imbangela yangempela ye-preeclampsia ayaziwa, futhi akukho ukuvimbela okusebenzayo. Ukwelashwa, noma kunjalo, kwaziwa amashumi amaningi eminyaka futhi lokho kungukulethwa kwengane.

Izinkinga ezihambisana ne-preeclampsia zingaqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokubeletha, kepha lokhu akujwayelekile. Ukuxilongwa nokulethwa ngesikhathi esifanele kuyindlela engcono yokugwema izinkinga ezinkulu kumama nasenganeni.

Uyini umsebenzi wokuqala?

Ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwenzeka lapho uqala ukuba nezinciphiso ezidala izinguquko zomlomo wesibeletho ngaphambi kokuba ube namasonto angama-37 ukhulelwe.

Abanye besifazane basengozini enkulu yokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuhlanganise nalabo:

• ukhulelwe ama-multiples (amawele noma ngaphezulu)
• unokutheleleka kwesikhwama se-amniotic (amnionitis)
• ube ne-amniotic fluid ngokweqile (i-polyhydramnios)
• ngibe nokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha

Izimpawu

Izimpawu nezimpawu zomsebenzi wangaphambi kwesikhathi zingaba ezicashile. Umama okhulelwe angazidlulisa njengengxenye yokukhulelwa. Izimpawu zifaka:

• isifo sohudo
• ukuchama kaningi
• ubuhlungu beqolo
• ukuqina esiswini esingezansi
• ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• ingcindezi yesitho sangasese sowesifazane

Vele, abanye besifazane bangathola izimpawu zomsebenzi ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukucindezela okuvamile, okubuhlungu, ukuvuza koketshezi oluphuma esithweni sangasese, noma ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Ukwelashwa

Izinsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi zisengozini yezinkinga zempilo ngoba imizimba yazo ibingasitholi isikhathi sokukhula ngokugcwele. Enye yezinto ezikhathaza kakhulu ukukhula kwamaphaphu ngoba amaphaphu akhula aze abe yinyanga yesithathu. Lapho ingane izalwa isencane, kukhula nezinkinga.

Odokotela abazi imbangela eqondile yokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uthole ukunakekelwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi imithi efana ne-magnesium sulphate ingasiza ekumiseni ukusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokubambezeleka kokulethwa.

Usuku ngalunye ukukhulelwa kwakho kukhula isikhathi eside kwandisa amathuba akho engane enempilo.

Odokotela bavame ukunikeza umuthi we-steroid komama omsebenzi wabo wokuqala ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-34. Lokhu kusiza amaphaphu engane yakho ukuba akhule futhi kunciphise ubunzima besifo samaphaphu uma umsebenzi wakho ungeke umiswe.

Imithi ye-steroid inomphumela wayo omkhulu zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuvimbela ukulethwa okungenani izinsuku ezimbili, uma kungenzeka.

Bonke abesifazane abanomsebenzi owandulelayo ongakahlolwa ubukhona be-streptococcus yeqembu B kufanele bathole ama-antibiotic (i-penicillin G, i-ampicillin, noma enye indlela yalabo abaphikisana ne-penicillin) kuze kufike lapho bebeletha.

Uma ukusebenza kwangaphambi kokubeletha kuqala ngemuva kwamasonto angama-36, ingane ivame ukulethwa ngoba ingozi yesifo samaphaphu kusuka ngaphambi kokuvuthwa iphansi kakhulu.

Ukuqhekeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqamuzana (i-PROM)

Ukuqhekeka kolwelwesi kuyingxenye ejwayelekile yokubeletha. Yigama lezokwelapha lokuthi "amanzi akho aqhekekile" Kusho ukuthi isikhwama se-amniotic esizungeze ingane yakho sephuliwe, okuvumela uketshezi lwe-amniotic ukuba luphume.

Yize kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi isaka liphuke ngesikhathi sokubeletha, uma kwenzeka kusenesikhathi, lingadala izinkinga ezinkulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi / ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqamuzana (i-PROM).

Yize imbangela ye-PROM ingacaci ngaso sonke isikhathi, kwesinye isikhathi ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwe-amniotic kuyimbangela nezinye izinto, ezinjengezofuzo, ziyaqala ukusebenza.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-PROM kuyahlukahluka. Abesifazane bavame ukulaliswa esibhedlela banikezwe ama-antibiotic, ama-steroids, nezidakamizwa zokumisa ukubeletha (tocolytics).

Lapho i-PROM ivela emasontweni angama-34 noma ngaphezulu, abanye odokotela bangancoma ukuletha ingane. Ngaleso sikhathi, izingozi zokungakhuli kuqala zingaphansi kwezingozi zokutheleleka. Uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka, abasebenzi kufanele benziwe ukuze bagweme izinkinga ezinkulu.

Kwesinye isikhathi, owesifazane onesipiliyoni se-PROM uvuselela ulwelwesi. Kulezi zimo ezingavamile, owesifazane angaqhubeka nokukhulelwa kwakhe kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi, yize esabhekwe kakhulu.

Izingozi ezihambisana nokukhula ngaphambi kwesikhathi ziyancipha kakhulu lapho umbungu usondela esikhathini. Uma i-PROM ivela ebangeni lamaviki angama-32 kuya kwangu-34 futhi i-amniotic fluid esele ikhombisa ukuthi amaphaphu e-fetus akhule ngokwanele, udokotela angaxoxa ngokuletha ingane kwezinye izimo.

Ngezinsizakalo ezithuthukisiwe zokunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi, izingane eziningi ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kokuzalwa ezinyangeni ezintathu zesithathu (ngemuva kwamasonto angama-28) zenza kahle kakhulu.

Izinkinga nge-placenta (previa nokuqubuka)

Ukopha ku-trimester yesithathu kungaba nezimbangela eziningana. Izimbangela ezimbi kakhulu yi-placenta previa kanye nokuphazamiseka kweplacenta.

I-Placenta previa

I-placenta isitho esondla ingane yakho ngenkathi ukhulelwe. Imvamisa, i-placenta ihanjiswa ngemuva kwengane yakho. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abane-placenta previa bane-placenta eza kuqala futhi ivimba ukuvuleka komlomo wesibeletho.

Odokotela abazi imbangela ngqo yalesi simo. Abesifazane abake bahlinzekwa ngokuhlinzwa okwesikhashana noma ukuhlinzwa kwesibeletho basengozini enkulu. Abesifazane ababhemayo noma abane-placenta enkulu kuneyejwayelekile nabo basengozini enkulu.

I-Placenta previa inyusa ingozi yokopha ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokubeletha. Lokhu kungasongela impilo.

Uphawu olujwayelekile lwe-placenta previa lubomvu ngokukhanyayo, ukuphuma okungazelelwe, okunamandla, nokungabi nazinhlungu, okuvame ukuvela ngemuva kweviki lama-28 lokukhulelwa. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukukhomba i-placenta previa.

Ukwelashwa kuya ngokuthi umbungu ungaphambi kwesikhathi nokuthi ungopha kangakanani. Uma ukubeletha kunganqandeki, ingane isenkingeni, noma kukhona ukopha okusongela ukuphila, ukulethwa ngokushesha okwenziwe ngokuhlinzwa kuyakhonjiswa kungakhathalekile ukuthi iminyaka engakanani yemveku.

Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kuyeka noma kungasindi kakhulu, ukulethwa kungagwenywa kaningi. Lokhu kuvumela isikhathi esithe xaxa sokuthi umbungu ukhule uma umbungu useduze nesikhathi. Udokotela uvame ukuncoma ukulethwa ngokuhlinzwa.

Ngenxa yokunakekelwa kwesimanje kokubelethisa, ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound, nokutholakala kokumpontshelwa igazi, uma kudingeka, abesifazane abane-placenta previa nezinsana zabo bavame ukwenza kahle.

Ukuphazamiseka kweplacental

Ukuphazamiseka kweplacental yisimo esingavamile lapho i-placenta ihlukana khona nesibeletho ngaphambi kokubeletha. Kwenzeka kuze kufike ekukhulelweni. Ukuphazamiseka kweplacenta kungaholela ekufeni kwengane futhi kungadala ukopha okukhulu nokushaqeka kunina.

Izici zobungozi bokuphazamiseka kweplacenta zibandakanya:

• iminyaka yobudala yomama
• ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocaine
• isifo sikashukela
• ukusetshenziswa kotshwala obunzima
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukukhulelwa okuphindaphindwayo
• ukuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqimba
• ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili
• intambo emfushane yenkaba
• ukubhema
• ukuhlukumezeka esiswini
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwesibeletho ngenxa yoketshezi oluningi lwe-amniotic

Ukuphazamiseka kweplacental akubangi njalo izimpawu. Kepha abanye besifazane baba nokuqaqamba kokuphuma kwegazi esithweni sangasese, ubuhlungu besisu obunzima, nokuphambana okunamandla. Abanye besifazane abanalo ukopha.

Udokotela angahlola izimpawu zowesifazane nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane ukukhomba ukucindezeleka okungenzeka kombungu. Ezimweni eziningi, ukulethwa okusheshayo kwe-cearean kuyadingeka. Uma owesifazane elahlekelwa igazi eleqile, angahle adinge ukumpontshelwa igazi.

Umkhawulo wokukhula kwe-intrauterine (IUGR)

Kwesinye isikhathi ingane ngeke ikhule njengoba kulindeleke esigabeni esithile ekukhulelweni kowesifazane. Lokhu kwaziwa njengokuvinjelwa kokukhula kwe-intrauterine (IUGR). Akuzona zonke izingane ezincane ezine-IUGR - kwesinye isikhathi ubukhulu bazo bungabalwa ngosayizi omncane wabazali bazo.

IUGR ingaholela ekukhuleni okulinganayo noma okulinganayo. Izingane ezinokukhula okulinganayo zivame ukuba nenhloko esayizi evamile enomzimba osayizi omncane.

Izici zomama ezingaholela ku-IUGR zifaka:

• i-anemia
• isifo esingapheliyo sezinso
• i-placenta previa
• infarction yamaplacenta
• isifo sikashukela esibi
• ukungondleki okukhulu

Izithwana ezine-IUGR kungenzeka zingakwazi ukubekezelela ukucindezeleka komsebenzi kunezinsana ezinobukhulu obujwayelekile. Izinsana ze-IUGR nazo zivame ukuba namafutha omzimba amancane nezinkinga eziningi zokugcina izinga lokushisa komzimba kanye namazinga e-glucose (ushukela wegazi) ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Uma kusolwa izinkinga zokukhula, udokotela angasebenzisa i-ultrasound ukukala umbungu futhi abale isisindo sombungu esilinganisiwe. Isilinganiso singaqhathaniswa nobubanzi bezisindo ezijwayelekile zemibungu yobudala obufanayo.

Ukunquma ukuthi ngabe umbungu mncane yini ekukhuleni kobudala bokukhulelwa noma ekukhuleni, uchungechunge lwama-ultrasound lwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukubhala ukuzuza kwesisindo noma ukuntuleka kwalo.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-umbilical okukhethekile kwe-ultrasound nakho kunganquma i-IUGR. I-Amniocentesis ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola izinkinga ze-chromosomal noma ukutheleleka. Ukuqapha iphethini yenhliziyo yesisu kanye nesilinganiso se-amniotic fluid kuvamile.

Uma ingane iyeka ukukhula esibelethweni, udokotela angancoma ukulethwa kokungeniswa noma kokuhlinzwa. Ngenhlanhla, iningi lezingane ezinomkhawulo wokukhula zikhula ngokujwayelekile ngemuva kokuzalwa. Zijwayele ukuthola ukukhula ngeminyaka emibili ubudala.

Ukukhulelwa ngemuva kwesikhathi

Cishe amaphesenti ayi-7 abesifazane abeletha emavikini angama-42 noma kamuva. Noma yikuphi ukukhulelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside kunamasonto angama-42 kubhekwa ngemuva kwesikhathi noma ngemuva kwezinsuku. Isizathu sokukhulelwa ngemuva kwesikhathi asikacaci, yize kusolwa izici zamahomoni nezofuzo.

Kwesinye isikhathi, usuku olubekiwe lowesifazane alubalwa kahle. Abanye besifazane banemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile noma ende eyenza i-ovulation ibe nzima ukubikezela. Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, i-ultrasound ingasiza ukuqinisekisa noma ukulungisa usuku olubekiwe.

Ukukhulelwa ngemuva kwesikhathi akubi yingozi empilweni kamama. Okukhathazayo kungokombungu. I-placenta isitho esakhelwe ukusebenza cishe amasonto angama-40. Inikeza umoya-mpilo nokondleka kombungu okhulayo.

Ngemuva kwamasonto angama-41 ekhulelwe, i-placenta mancane amathuba okuthi isebenze kahle, futhi lokhu kungaholela ekwehleni kwe-amniotic fluid ezungeze umbungu (oligohydramnios).

Lesi simo singadala ukucinana kwenkaba futhi sinciphise ukuhanjiswa komoya-mpilo embungwini. Lokhu kungabonakala kumqaphi wenhliziyo ye-fetus ngephethini ebizwa ngokuthi ukwehliswa kwesikhathi. Kukhona ingozi yokufa okungazelelwe kombungu lapho ukukhulelwa kungemva kwesikhathi.

Lapho nje owesifazane esefike emasontweni angama-41 ekhulelwe, uvame ukuba nokuqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yomntwana kanye nesilinganiso se-amniotic fluid. Uma ukuhlolwa kukhombisa amazinga aphansi oketshezi noma amaphethini wokushaya kwenhliziyo engakajwayelekile, umsebenzi uyenziwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo kulindelwe kuze kungabikho amasonto angaphezu kwama-42 kuye kwangama-43, ngemuva kwalokho kufakwa.

I-Meconium aspiration syndrome

Enye ingozi yi-meconium. IMeconium ukunyakaza kwamathumbu wombungu. Kuvame kakhulu lapho ukukhulelwa kungemva kwesikhathi. Iningi lemibungu elinokuhamba kwamathumbu ngaphakathi kwesibeletho alinazo izinkinga.

Kodwa-ke, umbungu ocindezelekile ungadonsela i-meconium, kubangele uhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-pneumonia futhi, kuyaqabukela, ukufa. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, odokotela basebenzela ukusula umgudu womoya womntwana ngangokunokwenzeka uma i-amniotic fluid yengane ine-meconium.

I-Malpresentation (ibreech, amanga ajikelezayo)

Lapho owesifazane esondela enyangeni yakhe yesishiyagalolunye ekhulelwe, umbungu uvame ukuhlala phansi phansi ngaphakathi kwesibeletho. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-vertex noma isethulo se-cephalic.

Umbungu uzoba phansi noma izinyawo kuqala (okwaziwa ngokuthi isethulo se-breech) cishe kumaphesenti ama-3 kuye kwayi-4 okukhulelwa okugcwele.

Ngezikhathi ezithile, umbungu uzobe ulele eceleni (isethulo esinqamulelayo).

Indlela ephephe kunazo zonke yokuthi ingane izalwe eyinhloko kuqala noma kuphrezentheshini ye-vertex. Uma i-fetus ishaya breech noma iwela ngapha nangapha, indlela engcono yokugwema izinkinga ngokulethwa nokuvimbela ukubanjwa kokuhlinzwa ukuzama ukuguqula (noma ukwenyusa) umbungu kwisethulo se-vertex (ikhanda phansi). Lokhu kwaziwa njengenguqulo yangaphandle ye-cephalic. Imvamisa izanywa kumaviki angama-37 kuye kwangama-38, uma ngabe i-malpresentation yaziwa.

Uhlobo lwangaphandle lwe-cephalic lufana nokusikhipha okuqinile kwesisu futhi alunakukhathazeka. Ngokuvamile inqubo ephephile, kodwa ezinye izinkinga ezingavamile zifaka ukuphazamiseka kweplacenta nokucindezeleka kwe-fetus, okudinga ukulethwa okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo.

Uma i-fetus iphendulwe ngempumelelo, ukulindelwa okuzenzekelayo kungalindelwa noma kwenziwe umsebenzi. Uma kungaphumeleli, abanye odokotela balinda isonto bese bezama futhi. Uma ungaphumelelanga ngemuva kokuzama kabusha, wena nodokotela wakho niyonquma uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokulethwa, lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma sokuhlinzwa.

Ukulinganiswa kwamathambo omsele wokuzalwa kukamama kanye ne-ultrasound ukulinganisa isisindo sengane kuvame ukutholakala ukulungiselela ukubelethiswa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Imibungu eguqukayo ilethwa ngokuhlinzwa.