Izinhlobo zemeningitis: ziyini nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani

-Delile

• 1. I-meningitis yegciwane
• 2. I-meningitis yebhaktheriya
• 3. I-Eosinophilic meningitis

I-Meningitis ifana nokuvuvukala kolwelwesi olugxile ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni, olungabangelwa amagciwane, amabhaktheriya kanye nezimuncagazi.

Uphawu oluphawuleka kakhulu lwe-meningitis yintamo elukhuni, okwenza ukunyakaza kwentamo kube nzima, kanye nokuphathwa yikhanda nesicanucanu. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuya nge-microorganism ekhonjiwe, futhi kungenziwa ngama-antimicrobials, analgesics noma i-corticosteroids.

1. I-meningitis yegciwane

I-Virus meningitis uhlobo lwe-meningitis olubangelwa amagciwane, oluvame kakhulu ehlobo nakubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 ubudala. Lolu hlobo lwe-meningitis alunamandla kangako futhi luba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukugula nokuqaqamba komzimba, izimpawu okuthi uma welashwa kahle zinganyamalala ezinsukwini eziyishumi.

Lapho i-meningitis ibangelwa igciwane le-herpes, yaziwa njenge-herpetic meningitis, futhi ithathwa njengohlobo olubi lwe-viral meningitis, ngoba ingadala ukuvuvukala kwezifunda eziningana zobuchopho, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-meningoencephalitis. Qonda kabanzi nge-herpetic meningitis.

Ukudluliswa kwenziwa ngokuthintana ngqo nezimfihlo ezivela kubantu abanesifo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuzivikela, njengokugeza izandla zakho kahle nokugwema ukuxhumana okuseduze nabantu abanegciwane.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kwe-virus ye-meningitis kufanele kuboniswe ngudokotela wezifo ezithathelwanayo noma udokotela ojwayelekile futhi kuhloswe ukunciphisa izimpawu, futhi kungakhonjiswa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-analgesic ne-antipyretic, futhi le ndlela yokwelashwa ingenziwa ekhaya noma esibhedlela ngokusho kobukhulu be izimpawu nomlando wezempilo womuntu.

Endabeni ye-meningitis ebangelwa igciwane le-Herpes, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe wedwa esibhedlela futhi kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane ukusiza amasosha omzimba alwe negciwane. Qonda ukuthi i-viral meningitis iphathwa kanjani.

2. I-meningitis yebhaktheriya

I-meningitis yebhaktheriya inzima kakhulu kune-meningitis yegciwane futhi ihambelana nokuvuvukala kwama-meninges abangelwa amagciwane afana I-Neisseria meningitidis, I-Streptococcus pneumoniae, Isifo sofuba iMycobacterium futhi I-Haemophilus influenzae.

Ama-bacteria angena emzimbeni ngezindlela zomoya, afinyelele egazini aye ebuchosheni, avuvuzele ama-meninges, ngaphezu kokubanga umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukuhlanza nokudideka kwengqondo, okungabeka impilo yomuntu engcupheni lapho engalashwa.

I-bacterial meningitis ebangelwa igciwane I-Neisseria meningitidis ibizwa ngokuthi i-meningococcal meningitis futhi, yize ingajwayelekile, kwenzeka kaningi ezinganeni nasebekhulile, ikakhulukazi uma kunezimo ezehlisa amasosha omzimba. Lolu hlobo lwe-meningitis lubonakala ngentamo elukhuni, kube nzima ukugoba intamo, ikhanda elibi kakhulu, ukuba khona kwamabala ansomi esikhunjeni nokungabekezelelani ekukhanyeni nasemisindweni.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kwe-meningitis kwenziwa, isikhathi esiningi, umuntu ongeniswa esibhedlela ukuze kugadwe ukuvela kwesiguli futhi kugwenywe izinkinga ezingaba khona, kukhonjiswe ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic ngokusho kwegciwane elibhekene nokutheleleka. Bona imininingwane eminingi yokwelashwa kwe-bacterial meningitis.

3. I-Eosinophilic meningitis

I-Eosinophilic meningitis uhlobo olungavamile lwe-meningitis olubangelwa ukutheleleka nge-parasite I-Angiostrongylus cantonensis, ezithinta ama-slugs, iminenke neminenke.

Abantu batheleleka ngokudla inyama yezilwane engcoliswe yisimuncagazi noma ukudla okungcoliswe yimfihlo yalezi zilwane, okuholele ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu ezinjengekhanda elibi kakhulu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nentamo eqinile. Yazi ezinye izimpawu ze-eosinophilic meningitis.

Kunjani ukwelashwa: Kubalulekile ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-eosinophilic meningitis kwenziwe ngokushesha nje lapho kutholakala izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo, ngoba-ke kungenzeka ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene nalolu hlobo lwe-meningitis.

Ngakho-ke, udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane, ukulwa ne-ejenti elithathelwanayo, ama-analgesics kanye ne-corticosteroids ukukhulula izimpawu, futhi umuntu kufanele alaliswe esibhedlela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.