I-TORCH Screen

-Delile

• Izifo ezitholwe yisikrini se-TORCH
• I-Toxoplasmosis
• URubella
• I-Cytomegalovirus
• I-Herpes simplex
• Ezinye izifo
• Ziyini izingozi zesikrini se-TORCH?
• Ngisilungiselela kanjani isikrini se-TORCH?
• Isikrini seTORCH senziwa kanjani?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela yami yesikrini se-TORCH?

Siyini isikrini seTORCH?

Isikrini seTORCH siyiphaneli lezivivinyo zokuthola ukutheleleka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa embungwini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukutholwa kokuqala nokwelashwa kokutheleleka kungavimbela izinkinga ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.

I-TORCH, kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-TORCHS, isichasiso sokutheleleka okuhlanganiswe ekuhlolweni:

• toxoplasmosis
• okunye (i-HIV, amagciwane e-hepatitis, i-varicella, i-parvovirus)
• irubella (isimungumungwane saseJalimane)
• cytomegalovirus
• · i-herpes simplex
• ugcunsula

Udokotela uvame ukwenza ezinye izingxenye zesikrini se-TORCH njalo lapho owesifazane evakashelwa okokuqala ngaphambi kokubeletha. Bangase benze ezinye izinto uma owesifazane ekhombisa izimpawu zezifo ezithile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lezi zifo zingawela i-placenta futhi zidale ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa enganeni esanda kuzalwa. Lezi zimo zifaka:

• ngamehlo
• ukungezwa
• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo (ID)
• izinkinga zenhliziyo
• isithuthwane
• i-jaundice
• amazinga aphansi weplatelet

Ukuhlolwa kuhlolwe amasosha omzimba ezifweni ezithathelwanayo. Ama-antibody amaphrotheni abona futhi aqede izinto eziyingozi, njengama-virus namagciwane.

Ngokuqondile, isikrini sokuhlola ama-antibodies amabili ahlukene: i-immunoglobulin G (IgG) ne-immunoglobulin M (IgM).

• Ama-antibodies e-IgG akhona lapho othile ethe waba nokutheleleka esikhathini esedlule futhi akasaguli kakhulu.
• Ama-antibody e-IgM akhona lapho othile enesifo esibi.

Udokotela angasebenzisa la ma-antibodies kanye nomlando wesifazane wezimpawu ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe umbungu uvezwe yini ekutheleleni.

Izifo ezitholwe yisikrini se-TORCH

I-Toxoplasmosis

I-Toxoplasmosis yisifo esibangelwa yi-parasite (T. gondii) ingena emzimbeni ngomlomo. Amagciwane atholakala kudoti wamakati nasendleni yamakati, nasenyameni engaphekiwe kanye namaqanda aluhlaza. Izinsana ezitheleleke nge-toxoplasmosis esibelethweni imvamisa azibonisi zimpawu zeminyaka eminingana. Izimpawu, ezenzeka kamuva empilweni, zingabandakanya:

• ukulahleka kombono
• ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• ukungezwa
• isithuthwane

URubella

I-Rubella, eyaziwa nangokuthi isimungumungwane saseJalimane, igciwane elibangela ukuqubuka. Imiphumela emibi yaleli gciwane incane ezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, uma i-rubella ithelela umbungu, ingadala ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa njenge:

• ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo
• izinkinga zokubona
• intuthuko ebambezelekile

I-Cytomegalovirus

I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV) isemndenini wegciwane le-herpes. Imvamisa ayibangeli izimpawu ezibonakalayo kubantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, i-CMV ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa, isithuthwane, nokukhubazeka kwengqondo kumntwana okhulayo.

I-Herpes simplex

Igciwane le-herpes simplex livame ukudluliselwa lisuka kumama liye embungwini osemgodini wokuzalwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Kungenzeka nokuthi ingane itheleleke ngesikhathi isisesibelethweni. Ukutheleleka kungadala izingqinamba ezahlukahlukene ezinganeni, kufaka phakathi:

• ukulimala kwengqondo
• izinkinga zokuphefumula
• isithuthwane

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi nesonto lesibili lokuphila kwengane.

Ezinye izifo

Esinye isigaba singafaka izifo ezahlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo, ezinjenge:

• inkukhu (varicella)
• Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr
• i-hepatitis B no-C
• I-HIV
• i-parvovirus yomuntu
• isimungumungwane
• mumps
• ugcunsula

Zonke lezi zifo zingasakazeka zisuka kumama ziye embungwini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha.

Ziyini izingozi zesikrini se-TORCH?

Izikrini ze-TORCH ze-virus zilula, ziba nobungozi obuncane bokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ungahle uzwe ukulimala, ubomvu, nobuhlungu endaweni yokubhoboza. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, isilonda sokubhoboza singatheleleka. Akunabungozi embungwini ukuthola lokhu kuhlolwa.

Ngisilungiselela kanjani isikrini se-TORCH?

Izikrini ze-TORCH azidingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile. Kodwa-ke, tshela udokotela wakho uma ukholelwa ukuthi ungenwe yigciwane elimbozwe kusikrini se-TORCH.

Kufanele futhi usho noma imuphi umuthi owuthengisayo noma owunikezwa ngudokotela. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela uma udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile noma ukugwema ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Isikrini seTORCH senziwa kanjani?

Isikrini seTORCH sihilela ukuthatha isampula encane yegazi. Igazi livame ukuthathwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Uzoya ebhodini futhi uchwepheshe we-phlebotomist uzokwenza ukudweba kwegazi. Bazohlanza indawo basebenzise inaliti ukudonsa igazi. Bazoqoqa igazi kuthumbu, noma esitsheni esincane.

Ungase uzwe ukubhoboza okubukhali noma ukuzwa okuhlabayo lapho kudonswa igazi. Kukhona ukopha okuncane kakhulu ngokwejwayelekile ngemuva kwalokho. Bazofaka ibhandishi elincane lokucindezela phezu kwesiza sokubhoboza lapho ukudweba sekuqedile.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela yami yesikrini se-TORCH?

Imiphumela yesikrini seTORCH ikhombisa ukuthi ngabe unaso yini isifo esithathelwanayo njengamanje noma usanda kuba naso. Kungakhombisa futhi ukuthi unezivikeleko ezifweni ezithile, njengoRubella, ekugomeni ngaphambilini ngokwakho.

Imiphumela ibizwa ngokuthi "ekahle" noma "engalungile." Umphumela omuhle wokuhlolwa usho ukuthi amasosha omzimba e-IgG noma e-IgM atholakele kokunye noma ngaphezulu kokutheleleka okumbozwe ekuhlolweni. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi njengamanje ubukade unakho, phambilini, noma uke wagonyelwa lesi sifo phambilini. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela imiphumela yokuhlolwa bese ebuyekeza nawe ukuthi zisho ukuthini ngamunye.

Umphumela wokuhlolwa ongemuhle uthathwa njengokujwayelekile, ngaphandle kwalapho kufanele ugonyelwe isifo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awekho ama-antibody atholakele, futhi akukho ukutheleleka kwamanje noma okwedlule.

Ama-antibody e-IgM akhona uma kunokutheleleka kwamanje noma kwakamuva. Uma usana olusanda kuzalwa luhlola ukutholwa kwala ma-antibody, ukutheleleka okukhona manje kuyimbangela enkulu.Uma womabili ama-antibodies e-IgG ne-IgM atholakala enganeni esanda kuzalwa, ukuhlolwa okungeziwe kuzokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane inaleli gciwane elisebenzayo yini.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-antibody ye-IgM ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuhlolwa okuningi kuzokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka.

Ukuba khona kwama-antibodies e-IgG kowesifazane okhulelwe kuvame ukukhombisa ukutheleleka okwedlule noma ukuzivikela. Uma kunombuzo wokutheleleka okusebenzayo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwesibili kwenziwa emasontweni ambalwa kamuva ukuze amazinga e-antibody aqhathaniswe. Uma amazinga enyuka, kungasho ukuthi ukutheleleka bekusanda kwenzeka noma kuyenzeka manje.

Uma kutholakala ukutheleleka, udokotela wakho uzokwenzela uhlelo lokwelashwa nawe oluqondene nokukhulelwa.