Yini ebalulekile i-thrombocythemia, izimpawu, ukuxilongwa nokuthi kufanele welashwe kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ingabe umdlavuza obalulekile we-thrombocythemia?
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombocythemia ebalulekile

I-thrombocythemia ebalulekile, noma i-TE, isifo se-hematological esibonakala ngokwanda kokuhlushwa kwamaplatelets egazini, okwandisa ubungozi be-thrombosis nokopha.

Lesi sifo ngokuvamile asymptomatic, sitholakala kuphela ngemuva kokubalwa kwegazi elijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa kuphela ngudokotela ngemuva kokukhipha ezinye izimbangela zokwanda kwama-platelet, njengokushoda kwe-iron anemia, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemithi ekwazi ukwehlisa inani lama-platelet egazini futhi yehlise ubungozi be-thrombosis, futhi kufanele isetshenziswe njengokuyalelwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-hematologist.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

I-thrombocythemia ebalulekile i-asymptomatic, iqashelwa kuphela ngemuva kokubalwa okuphelele kwegazi, ngokwesibonelo. Noma kunjalo, kungaholela kwezinye izimpawu, okuyizona eziyinhloko:

• Ukuzwa okushisayo ezinyaweni nasezandleni;
• I-Splenomegaly, okungukukhulisa ubende;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Ukujuluka;
• Ubuthakathaka;
• Ikhanda;
• Ubumpumputhe besikhashana, obungaba ingxenye noma buphelele;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abatholakala ukuthi bane-thrombocythemia ebalulekile basengozini enkulu ye-thrombosis kanye nokopha. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, kodwa singenzeka nakubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40.

Ingabe umdlavuza obalulekile we-thrombocythemia?

I-thrombocythemia ebalulekile ayiwona umdlavuza, ngoba akukho ukusabalala kwamaseli abulalayo, kepha amangqamuzana ajwayelekile, kulokhu, ama-platelets, abonisa isimo se-thrombocytosis noma i-thrombocytosis. Lesi sifo sihlala sizinzile cishe iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kwengama-20 futhi sinezinga eliphansi lokuguqulwa kwegazi, ngaphansi kuka-5%.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-hematologist ngokusho kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezivezwa yisiguli, ngaphezu kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela zamaplatelet akhuphukile, njengezifo zokuvuvukala, i-myelodysplasia nokushoda kwensimbi, ngokwesibonelo. Yazi izimbangela ezinkulu zokwandiswa kweplatelet.

Ukuxilongwa kwelabhoratri kwe-thrombocythemia ebalulekile kwenziwa ekuqaleni ngokuhlaziywa kwesibalo segazi, lapho kubonakala khona ukwanda kwama-platelets, ngenani elingaphezu kwama-platelets / mm³ wegazi elingu-450,000. Imvamisa, ukuhlushwa kweplatelet kuyaphindwa ngezinsuku ezahlukahlukene ukubona ukuthi inani lihlala likhuphukile yini.

Uma ama-platelet egcinwa, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona ushintsho olungakhomba i-thrombocythemia ebalulekile, ukuguqulwa kwe-JAK2 V617F, okukhona ezigulini ezingaphezu kwezi-50%. Uma ukutholakala kwalokhu kuguquka kuqinisekisiwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi ungabandakanyi ukuvela kwezinye izifo ezimbi futhi uhlole izinqolobane zensimbi yokudla okunempilo.

Kwezinye izimo, kungenziwa umongo wethambo, lapho kungabonakala ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwama-megakaryocyte, angamaseli egazi angaphambi kwamaplatelets.

Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombocythemia ebalulekile

Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombocythemia ebalulekile kuhlose ukwehlisa ubungozi be-thrombosis kanye nokopha, futhi kuvame ukunconywa udokotela ukusebenzisa imishanguzo yokwehlisa inani lama-platelet egazini, njenge-Anagrelide ne-Hydroxyurea, ngokwesibonelo.

I-Hydroxyurea umuthi ovame ukunconywa kubantu ababhekwa njengabasesengozini enkulu, okungukuthi, abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 ubudala, babe nesiqephu se-thrombosis futhi baba nenani leplatelet ngaphezu kwe-1500000 / mm³ yegazi. Kodwa-ke, lo muthi uneminye imiphumela emibi, efana ne-hyperpigmentation yesikhumba, isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Ukwelashwa kweziguli ezibonakala njengobungozi obuphansi, okuyibo abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, kuvame ukwenziwa nge-acetylsalicylic acid ngokuya ngokuqondiswa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-hematologist.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunciphisa ubungozi be-thrombosis kubalulekile ukugwema ukubhema nokwelapha izifo ezingase zibe khona, ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nesifo sikashukela, njengoba zandisa ubungozi be-thrombosis. Yazi okufanele ukwenze ukuvimbela i-thrombosis.