Konke odinga ukukwazi ukunakekela ingane yakho engakazalwa

-Delile

• Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okumele kwenziwe ingane yokuqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Ugoma nini ingane engakazalwa
• Ungayinakekela kanjani ingane yakho engakazalwa ekhaya
• 1. Ungazivikela kanjani izinkinga zokuphefumula
• 2. Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukushisa okulungile
• 3. Unciphisa kanjani ubungozi bokutheleleka
• 4. Kufanele kube kanjani ukudla

Imvamisa ingane engakafiki isikhathi ihlala ku-ICU yokuzalwa kuze kube yilapho ikwazi ukuziphefumulela yodwa, iba ngaphezu kuka-2 g futhi ithuthukiswe i-reflex. Ngakho-ke, ubude bokuhlala esibhedlela bungahluka kuye ngomntwana ngamunye.

Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ingane engakazalwa ingaya ekhaya nabazali futhi ingaphathwa ngokufanayo nasezinsaneni ezigcwele. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane inenkinga ethile yempilo, abazali kufanele balungise ukunakekelwa ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela.

Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okumele kwenziwe ingane yokuqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Ngesikhathi sokulaliswa e-ICU esanda kuzalwa, ingane engakazalwa izovivinywa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhula kahle futhi ihlolisise izinkinga kusenesikhathi, okuthi lapho zilashwa, zilapheke ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, izivivinyo ezivame ukwenziwa zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezinyawo: kwenziwa umjovo omncane esithendeni sangaphambi kokudonsa igazi nokuhlola ubukhona bezinkinga ezithile zempilo ezifana ne-phenylketonuria noma i-cystic fibrosis;
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa: kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa ukubheka ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini izinkinga zokukhula ezindlebeni zengane;
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: zenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwe-ICU ukuhlola amazinga e-oxygen egazini, kusiza ukuxilonga izinkinga emaphashini noma enhliziyweni, isibonelo;
• Izivivinyo zombono: zenziwa ngemuva nje kokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha ukuhlola ubukhona bezinkinga ezifana ne-retinopathy noma i-strabismus ye-retina futhi kufanele kwenziwe kuze kube amasonto ayi-9 ngemuva kokuzalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iso likhula kahle;
• Izivivinyo ze-Ultrasound: zenziwa lapho udokotela wezingane esola ushintsho enhliziyweni, emaphashini noma kwezinye izitho ukuthola inkinga nokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zivivinyo, ingane engakazalwa ibuye ihlolwe ngokomzimba nsuku zonke, ngamapharamitha abaluleke kakhulu isisindo, usayizi wekhanda nokuphakama.

Ugoma nini ingane engakazalwa

Uhlelo lokugoma ingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi kufanele luqale kuphela lapho ingane isidlulile ku-2Kg, ngakho-ke, umuthi wokugoma we-BCG kufanele uhlehliswe ingane ize ifinyelele kuleso sisindo.

Kodwa-ke, ezimweni lapho umama enesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B, udokotela wezingane anganquma ukuthi athole umgomo ngaphambi kokuba ingane ifinyelele kuma-kg ama-2. Kulezi zimo, umuthi wokugoma kufanele uhlukaniswe ngemithamo emi-4 esikhundleni se-3, ngemithamo yesibili neyesithathu kufanele athathwe ahlukaniswe inyanga eyodwa kanti eyesine, izinyanga eziyisithupha emva kwelesibili.

Bona imininingwane eminingi ngohlelo lokugoma kwengane.

Ungayinakekela kanjani ingane yakho engakazalwa ekhaya

Ukunakekela ingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi ekhaya kungaba yinselele kubazali, ikakhulukazi lapho ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula noma yokukhula. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa okuningi kufana nokwabantwana besikhathi, okubaluleke kakhulu okuhlobene nokuphefumula, ubungozi bokutheleleka nokondla.

1. Ungazivikela kanjani izinkinga zokuphefumula

Phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala zokuphila kunengozi enkulu yezinkinga zokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, njengoba amaphaphu esakhula. Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu yi-Death Death syndrome, ebangelwa ukuphelelwa umoya lapho ulele. Ukunciphisa le ngozi, kufanele:

• Njalo lalisa ingane ngomhlane, uncike izinyawo zomntwana phansi embhedeni;
• Sebenzisa amashidi nezingubo zokulala embhedeni wengane;
• Gwema ukusebenzisa umcamelo embhedeni wengane;
• Gcina umbhede womntwana egumbini lomzali kuze kube okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala;
• Ungalali nengane embhedeni noma kusofa;
• Gwema ukuba nezifudumezi noma iziphephetha-moya eduze nombhede wengane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ingane inanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga yokuphefumula, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalo enikezwe ewadini labakhulelwe udokotela wezingane noma abahlengikazi, okungafaka i-nebulization noma ukufaka amathonsi ekhaleni, ngokwesibonelo.

2. Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukushisa okulungile

Ingane engakazalwa inenkinga enkulu yokugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba wayo ilawulwa ngakho-ke, ingagodola ngokushesha ngemuva kokugeza noma ishise kakhulu lapho inezingubo eziningi, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukugcina indlu isezingeni lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-20 no-22º C futhi ugqokise ingane ngezingubo eziningana zezingubo, ukuze umuntu asuswe lapho izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lifudumala noma engeza olunye ungqimba lwezingubo, lapho usuku kuya ngokuya kubanda.

3. Unciphisa kanjani ubungozi bokutheleleka

Izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi zinamasosha omzimba angakhuli kahle, ngakho-ke, ezinyangeni zokuqala zeminyaka zisengozini yokutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela ezisiza ukunciphisa amathuba okutheleleka, okubandakanya:

• Geza izandla zakho ngemuva kokushintsha amanabukeni, ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla nangemva kokuya endlini yangasese;
• Cela izivakashi ukuthi zigeze izandla ngaphambi kokuxhumana nengane engakazalwa;
• Zama ukugwema ukuvakashelwa okuningi enganeni ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala;
• Gwema ukuya nengane ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, njengezikhungo zokuthenga noma amapaki, ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala;
• Gcina izilwane ezifuywayo ziqhelelene nengane emavikini ambalwa okuqala.

Ngakho-ke indawo engcono kakhulu yokugwema ukutheleleka ukuhlala ekhaya, njengoba kuyindawo elula ukuyilawula. Kodwa-ke, uma kunesidingo sokuhamba, kufanele kukhethwe izindawo ezinabantu abambalwa noma ngezikhathi ezingenalutho.

4. Kufanele kube kanjani ukudla

Ukuze bondle kahle ingane engakazalwa ekhaya, abazali bavame ukuthola ukufundiswa esibhedlela sokubeletha, ngoba kujwayelekile ukuthi ingane ingakwazi ukuncelisa yodwa esifubeni sikanina, idinga ukondliwa ngepayipi elincane ngendlela ethile kubizwa ukuxhumana kabusha. Bona ukuthi othintana naye wenziwa kanjani.

Kodwa-ke, lapho ingane isivele ikwazi ukubamba ibele likanina, ingondliwa ngqo kusuka ebeleni futhi, ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi kuthuthukiswe inqubo efanele yokusiza ingane ibele futhi ivimbele ukukhula kwezinkinga ebeleni likamama. .