Ingcindezi yengcindezi: siyini, izigaba nokunakekelwa

-Delile

• Izigaba Main ingcindezi isilonda
• Isigaba 1
• Isigaba 2
• Isigaba 3
• Isigaba 4
• Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko
• 1. Ungasiphilisa kanjani isilonda
• 2. Uzihlola kanjani izilonda zengcindezi
• 3. Yini okufanele uyifundise umuntu onezilonda zengcindezi
• 4. Ungabuhlola kanjani ubungozi bezilonda ezintsha

Ingcindezi yengcindezi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-eschar, yisilonda esivela ngenxa yengcindezi ende nokuncipha kokujikeleza kwegazi engxenyeni ethile yesikhumba.

Lolu hlobo lwesilonda luvame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho amathambo athintana kakhulu nesikhumba, njengaphansi kwangemuva, entanyeni, enqeni noma ezithendeni, ngoba lapho ingcindezi esikhunjeni inkulu, nokujikeleza kwegazi okuba kubi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilonda zengcindezi nazo zivame kakhulu kubantu abalele embhedeni, njengoba zingachitha amahora amaningi zilandelana zisesimweni esifanayo, nakho okwenza ukujikeleza kwezinye izindawo zesikhumba kube nzima.

Yize izilonda zengcindezi kuyizilonda zesikhumba, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, njengokuntenga kwesimo somuntu jikelele, ukuguqulwa kwezingqimba ezijulile zesikhumba nobunzima ekuqedeni ngokuphelele yonke ingcindezi evela ezindaweni ezithintekile . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi zonke izinhlobo zezilonda zihlolwe ngudokotela noma umhlengikazi, ukuze kuqale ukwelashwa ngomkhiqizo ofanele kakhulu, kanye nokunakekelwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa.

Izigaba Main ingcindezi isilonda

Ekuqaleni, izilonda zengcindezi zivela esikhunjeni kuphela njengendawo ebomvu, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi leli sayithi lingaveza inxeba elincane elingapholi nelikhulayo ngosayizi. Ngokuya ngomzuzu wokuvela kwesilonda, kungenzeka ukukhomba izigaba ezi-4:

Isigaba 1

Isigaba sokuqala sezilonda zengcindezi saziwa ngokuthi "i-blanching erythema" futhi sisho ukuthi, ekuqaleni, isilonda sibonakala njengendawo ebomvu lapho uma sicindezelwa sishintsha umbala sibe mhlophe noma siqine, futhi lokho kugcina lowo mbala phakathi nemizuzwana noma imizuzu embalwa, noma ngabe ingcindezi isisusiwe. Endabeni yesikhumba esimnyama noma esimnyama, le ndawo ingaba nombala omnyama noma onsomi, esikhundleni sokubomvu.

Lolu hlobo lwamabala, ngaphezu kokuba mhlophe isikhathi eside ngemuva kokucindezelwa, lungaba lukhuni ukwedlula lonke isikhumba, lushise, noma lube lubanda ukwedlula wonke umzimba. Umuntu futhi angabhekisa ekuzweleni kokushoshozela noma kokushisa kuleyo ndawo.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Kulesi sigaba, izilonda zengcindezi zisengavinjelwa, ngakho-ke, okuhle ukugcina isikhumba siqinile futhi sithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ngalokhu, umuntu kufanele azame ukugcina isikhumba somile ngangokunokwenzeka, afake ukhilimu othambisa njalo, futhi agweme nezikhundla ezingabeka ingcindezi endaweni ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-40 ilandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nokusikwa okujwayelekile esizeni ukwenza lula ukusakazwa kwegazi.

Isigaba 2

Kulesi sigaba, kuvela isilonda sokuqala, esingaba sincane, kepha esivela njengokuvuleka kwesikhumba esifundeni sesibhloka se-erythema bleach. Ngaphezu kwesilonda, isikhumba esisendaweni yebala sibonakala sizacile futhi singabukeka somile noma sikhanye kunokujwayelekile.

Okufanele ngikwenze: yize isilonda sesivele sivele, kulesi sigaba kulula ukuvuselela ukwelashwa nokuvikela ukutheleleka. Ngalokho, kubalulekile ukuya esibhedlela, noma esikhungweni sezempilo, ukuze indawo ihlolwe ngudokotela noma umhlengikazi, ukuze uqale ukwelashwa ngemikhiqizo nokugqokwa okufanele kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uqhubeke nokunciphisa ingcindezi yesayithi, ukuze uphuze amanzi amaningi futhi wandise ukudla okudliwayo okunamaprotheni namavithamini, njengeqanda noma inhlanzi, njengoba kusiza ukuphulukiswa.

Isigaba 3

Esigabeni sesi-3, isilonda siyaqhubeka nokukhula nosayizi, siqala ukuthinta izingqimba ezijulile zesikhumba, kufaka phakathi ungqimba olungaphansi, lapho kutholakala khona imali. Yingakho, kulesi sigaba, ngaphakathi kwesilonda kungenzeka ukugcina uhlobo lwezicubu ezingajwayelekile neziphuzi, ezakhiwa ngamaseli anonile.

Kulesi sigaba, ukujula kwesilonda kuyehluka kuye ngesiza esithintekile, ngakho-ke, kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi emakhaleni, ezindlebeni noma emaqakaleni akunakwenzeka ukugcina ungqimba olungaphansi kwesikhumba, ngoba alukho.

Okufanele ngikwenze: ukwelashwa okwanele kufanele kugcinwe ngokuholwa ngumhlengikazi noma udokotela, futhi kuyadingeka ukwenza ukugqoka okuvaliwe nsuku zonke. Kubalulekile ukuphuza amanzi amaningi emini nokubheja ekudleni okunothe kakhulu kunamaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele futhi uqhubeke nokunciphisa ingcindezi yezindawo ezithintekile, futhi kunganconywa ngudokotela ukuthi athenge umatilasi ohluka ingcindezi emzimbeni wonke, ikakhulukazi kubantu abalele embhedeni isikhathi eside.

Isigaba 4

Lesi yisigaba sokugcina sesilonda sengcindezi futhi esibonakala ngokucekelwa phansi kwezendlalelo ezijulile, lapho kutholakala khona imisipha, imisipha kanye namathambo. Kulolu hlobo lwezilonda kunengozi enkulu yokutheleleka ngakho-ke, umuntu lowo kungadingeka ukuthi alaliswe esibhedlela ukuze agqokwe njalo futhi athole ama-antibiotic ngqo emthanjeni.

Esinye isici esivame kakhulu ukuba khona kwephunga elibi kakhulu, ngenxa yokufa kwezicubu kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezimfihlo ezingatheleleka.

Okufanele kwenziwe: Lezi zilonda kufanele zilashwe esibhedlela futhi kungadingeka ngisho nokuhlala esibhedlela ukuze wenze ama-antibiotic futhi uvikele ukutheleleka okungenzeka. Kungadingeka futhi ukususa izingqimba zezicubu ezifile, futhi kungahle kunconywe ukuhlinzwa.

Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko

Okunye ukunakekelwa okubaluleke kakhulu esimeni sezilonda zengcindezi ukwenza ukugqoka okwenele, kodwa-ke, umhlengikazi kufanele futhi ahlole njalo isilonda, futhi afundise umuntu ukuthi agweme ukwanda kwesilonda futhi ahlole ingozi yezilonda ezintsha.

1. Ungasiphilisa kanjani isilonda

Ukugqoka kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kushintshaniswe nohlobo lwezicubu ezikhona enxebeni kanye nezinye izici ezibandakanya: ukukhishwa kwezimfihlo, iphunga noma ubukhona bokutheleleka, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukwelashwa okwanele.

Ngakho-ke ukugqoka kungafaka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zempahla, okuvame kakhulu okubandakanya:

• I-calcium alginate: amagwebu asetshenziswa kakhulu kwizilonda zengcindezi ukumunca uketshezi olukhishiwe futhi akhe indawo ekahle yokwelashwa. Zingasetshenziswa futhi uma kuphuma ukopha, njengoba zisiza ekunqandeni ukopha. Imvamisa, zidinga ukuguqulwa njalo emahoreni angama-24 noma angama-48.
• Isiliva Alginate: ngaphezu kokumunca uketshezi nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa, zisiza futhi ekwelapheni izifo, okuyindlela enhle yezilonda zengcindezi ezinesifo;
• I-Hydrocolloid: kuhle ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwesilonda ngisho nasesigabeni 1 sesilonda sengcindezi, kepha singasetshenziswa nasezilondeni ezingaphezulu nje kwesigaba 2;
• I-Hydrogel: ingasetshenziswa ngendlela yokugqoka noma ijeli futhi isize ukususa izicubu ezifile enxebeni. Lolu hlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo lusebenza kahle kakhulu kwizilonda ezingenaketshezi oluncane;
• Collagenase: luhlobo lwe-enzyme olungasetshenziswa enxebeni ukwehlisa izicubu ezifile nokwenza lula uketshezi, olusetshenziswa kabanzi lapho kunezindawo ezinkulu zezicubu ezifile okufanele zisuswe.

Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa ukugqoka okufanele, umhlengikazi kufanele asuse izinsalela zokugqoka kwangaphambilini futhi ahlanze isilonda ngokufanele lapho, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa usawoti, isikhumba esingasetshenziswa ukukhipha izingcezu zezicubu ezifile, okubizwa ngokuthi ukususwa. Lokhu kuncishiswa kungenziwa futhi ngqo nge-compress ngenkathi kuhlanzwa noma kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwamafutha we-enzymatic, njenge-collagenase.

Bheka okwengeziwe ngamafutha okwelapha izilonda zengcindezi.

2. Uzihlola kanjani izilonda zengcindezi

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwesilonda, umhlengikazi kufanele anake zonke izici akwazi ukuzibona noma azikhombe, ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuze aqonde ukuthi kukhona yini ukwelashwa okwanele okwenzekayo. Lokhu kuhlola futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka ukushintsha izinto zokugqoka, ukuze zihlale zanele kulo lonke ukwelashwa.

Ezinye zezici ezibaluleke kakhulu, okufanele zihlolwe phakathi nakho konke ukugqoka zifaka: usayizi, ukujula, ukuma komphetho, ukukhiqizwa kwezimfihlo, ukuba khona kwegazi, iphunga nokuba khona kwezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengokubomvu esikhunjeni esizungezile, ukuvuvukala , ukukhiqiza ukushisa noma ubomvu. Kwesinye isikhathi, umhlengikazi angathatha izithombe zesiza sesilonda noma enze umdwebo ngephepha ngaphansi kwesilonda, ukuqhathanisa usayizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lapho uhlola izici zezilonda zengcindezi, kunconywa nokuthi unake isikhumba esizungeze isilonda, ngoba uma singenawo amanzi kahle, singaba nomthelela ekwandeni kwesilonda.

3. Yini okufanele uyifundise umuntu onezilonda zengcindezi

Kunezimfundiso eziningana ezibaluleke kakhulu kumuntu onezilonda zengcindezi futhi ezingasiza ekuthuthukiseni kakhulu ijubane lokuphulukiswa, kanye nokugwema izinkinga. Ezinye zalezi zimfundiso zifaka:

• Chazela umuntu ngokubaluleka kokungahlali endaweni efanayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ama-2;
• Fundisa umuntu ukuma ukuze angasebenzisi ingcindezi kulonda;
• Khombisa ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani imicamelo ukunciphisa ingcindezi kumasayithi amathambo;
• Fundisa ngobungozi bokubhema uye egazini futhi ukhuthaze umuntu ukuthi ayeke ukubhema;
• Chaza ngezimpawu zezinkinga ezingaba khona, ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi kungabaluleka ukudlulisela lowo muntu ekubonisaneni nesazi sokudla, ngoba ukudla okufanelekile kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-collagen nokuvalwa kwesilonda.

Uma kuyindaba yomuntu olele embhedeni, nansi indlela yokubeka umuntu embhedeni:

4. Ungabuhlola kanjani ubungozi bezilonda ezintsha

Abantu abaqala isilonda sengcindezi basengozini enkulu yokuthola izilonda ezintsha. Ngalesi sizathu, kuyalulekwa ukuhlola ubungozi bokuba nesilonda esisha, esingenziwa kusetshenziswa isikali seBraden.

Isikali seBraden sihlola izinto eziyisithupha ezingaba nomthelela ekubonakaleni kwesilonda futhi ezibandakanya: amandla omuntu okuzwa ubuhlungu, umswakama wesikhumba, izinga lomsebenzi womzimba, ikhono lokunyakaza, isimo somsoco kanye nokuthi kungenzeka kube nokungqubuzana isikhumba. Inani elisukela ku-1 liye ku-4 linikezwa ngasinye salezi zici, futhi ekugcineni wonke amanani kufanele engezwe ukuthola ukuhlukaniswa kwengozi yokuthola isilonda sengcindezi:

• Ngaphansi kuka-17: ayikho ingozi;
• 15 kuya ku-16: ubungozi obuncane;
• 12 kuya ku-14: ingozi elinganiselayo;
• Ngaphansi kuka-11: ingozi enkulu.

Ngokwengozi, kanye nezici ezinamaphuzu aphansi kakhulu, kungenzeka wakhe uhlelo lokunakekelwa olusiza ukuvimbela isilonda esisha, ngaphezu kokwenza lula ukuphulukiswa kwalesi esivele sikhona. Okunye ukunakekelwa kungabandakanya ukufakela isikhumba ngamanzi ngendlela efanele, ukukhuthaza ukudla okwanele noma ukuvuselela umsebenzi womzimba, noma ngabe ulinganiselwe.