Yini i-ultrasonography, yenzelwe ini, izinhlobo nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Yenzelwe ini
• Kwenziwa kanjani
• Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-ultrasound
• 1. I-Morphological ultrasound
• 2. I-3D ne-4D ultrasound
• 3. I-Ultrasound yebele
• 4. I-Ultrasound yegilo
• 5. I-ultrasound yezitho zangasese
• 6. I-ultrasound yesisu

I-Ultrasonography, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ultrasound ne-ultrasound, ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging diagnostic okusebenzela ukubona ngeso lengqondo noma yisiphi isitho noma izicubu emzimbeni ngesikhathi sangempela. Lapho ukuhlolwa kwenziwa nge-Doppler, udokotela uyakwazi ukubona ukugeleza kwegazi kuleso sifunda.

I-Ultrasonography inqubo elula, esheshayo futhi ayinayo imikhawulo.Ngenziwa noma nini lapho udokotela ekubona kunesidingo, futhi asikho isidingo sokulinda phakathi kwe-ultrasound nenye. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini okunconywayo kokwenza isivivinyo, njengokugcwalisa isinye noma ukuthatha imishanguzo yokuqeda igesi eyeqile, ngoba lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukubona izitho ngeso lengqondo.

Yenzelwe ini

I-Ultrasonography ukuhlolwa kwesithombe okungakhonjiswa ngudokotela ukuze kubonwe izinguquko ezithweni. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa kunganconyelwa lokhu:

• Phenya izinhlungu zesisu, kuma-flaccuses noma ngemuva;
• Xilonga ukukhulelwa noma uhlole ukukhula kombungu;
• Thola izifo zesibeletho, amashubhu, amaqanda;
• Bona ngeso lengqondo ukwakheka kwemisipha, amalunga, imisipha;
• Ukubona ngeso lengqondo noma yisiphi esinye isakhiwo somzimba womuntu.

I-Ultrasonography kufanele yenziwe elabhoratri, emtholampilo noma esibhedlela, njalo ngaphansi kweseluleko sezokwelapha, ukusiza ekutholeni noma ekwelapheni izimo ezahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokwenza izivivinyo, kuyadingeka ukuthola mayelana nokulungiselela izivivinyo, njengoba kwezinye izinhlobo ze-ultrasound kungadingeka ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ngokushesha, noma ukuthatha imithi ukuqeda amagesi, ngokwesibonelo .

Kwenziwa kanjani

I-Ultrasonography kufanele yenziwe ngesiguli esilele ohlakeni bese kubekwa ungqimba oluncane lwejeli esikhunjeni bese kuthi i-transducer ibekwe ngaphezulu kwaleli gel, ishushuluze insimbi esikhunjeni. Le divayisi izokhiqiza izithombe ezingabonakala kwikhompyutha futhi kumele zihlaziywe ngudokotela.

Ngemuva kokuqeda ukuhlolwa, udokotela ususa i-gel ngethawula lephepha bese umuntu egoduka. Ukuhlolwa akubangeli ubuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle, kufinyeleleka kalula futhi ngokuvamile akusona isivivinyo esimba eqolo, esimbozwa yizinhlelo eziningana zezempilo, yize singenziwa futhi yi-SUS.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-ultrasound

1. I-Morphological ultrasound

Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-ultrasound okumele lwenziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, phakathi kwamaviki angama-20 kuya kwangama-24 esibelethweni, ukubheka ukuthi ngabe ingane ikhula kahle yini noma inenkinga ethile, njenge-Down's Syndrome, i-myelomeningocele, i-anencephaly, i-hydrocephalus noma inhliziyo yokuzalwa isifo.

Isikhathi sokuhlolwa sihluka phakathi kwemizuzu engama-20 nengama-40 futhi lokhu kuhlolwa kunconyelwa bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe.

Kwenziwa kanjani: udokotela uzofaka ijeli esiswini sowesifazane okhulelwe futhi adlulise idivaysi kuso sonke isifunda sesibeletho. Imishini izokhiqiza izithombe ezingabukwa kukhompyutha. Bheka imininingwane eyengeziwe ye-morphological ultrasound.

2. I-3D ne-4D ultrasound

Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa oluvumela ukubonwa okungcono kwesakhiwo ukuthi kufundwe, kunikeze isici sangempela. I-4D ultrasound, ngaphandle kokuvumela ukubonwa okuhle kwengane esisesiswini sikanina, iyakwazi ukuthatha ukunyakaza kwayo ngesikhathi sangempela.

Zifanele ngokukhethekile ukubonwa kombungu futhi zingathathwa kusukela enyangeni yesithathu yokukhulelwa, kepha izithombe ezingcono zitholakala kusukela enyangeni yesi-6 yokukhulelwa.

3. I-Ultrasound yebele

Ku-ultrasound yesifuba, udokotela angabona ukuvela kwesigaxa esingazwakala ngokushaywa kwebele. Lokhu kusiza ukukhomba ukuthi kungaba yinhlama enobungozi, esolisayo noma umdlavuza webele, futhi kuyasiza ekuhloleni amapayipi webele, nokuphenya izimbangela zobuhlungu besifuba, isibonelo.

Kwenziwa kanjani: Owesifazane kufanele alale ngaphandle kwezingubo nobhodisi ngenkathi udokotela edlulisa okokusebenza kunoma iyiphi indawo esolisayo. Kujwayelekile ukuthatha isikhathi eside uma kukhona ama-cysts noma ama-nodules adinga ukuphenywa. Lokhu kuhlolwa akuyona indawo ye-mammography, kepha kungahle kudingwe udokotela uma owesifazane enamabele amakhulu, aqinile, okwenza kube nzima ukwenza i-mammogram. Funda kabanzi ngemininingwane ye-ultrasound yebele.

4. I-Ultrasound yegilo

Ku-ultrasound ye-thyroid, udokotela ubona ubukhulu bale ndlala, ukuma kwayo futhi uma inamaqhuqhuva. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa futhi ukuqondisa i-biopsy ukuze kuthathwe isampula elincane lezicubu, uma kwenzeka kusolakala umdlavuza, ngokwesibonelo.

Kwenziwa kanjani: Umuntu kufanele alale ngomhlane, bese kubekwa ijeli entanyeni. Udokotela uzoslayida idivaysi bese ebona i-thyroid yomuntu esikrinini sekhompyutha.Kujwayelekile ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa udokotela abuze ukuthi ngabe uyaqala ngqa ukuthola ukuhlolwa noma ngabe kube khona ushintsho ezivivinyweni ezedlule, ukuze aqhathanise imiphumela. Bheka izimpawu ezingakhombisa umdlavuza wegilo.

5. I-ultrasound yezitho zangasese

Lokhu kuhlolwa kukhonjiswa ukubona ngeso lengqondo izakhiwo ezifana nesibeletho, amaqanda kanye nemithambo yegazi kule ndawo, futhi kungadingeka ukuthola i-endometriosis, isibonelo. Kungenziwa ngokubeka i-transducer engxenyeni engenhla yesisu noma ngaphakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kulokhu okubizwa ngokuthi yi-transvaginal ultrasound. Funda imininingwane ye-transvaginal ultrasound.

Emadodeni, i-ultrasound ye-pelvic ikhonjisiwe ukuze kuhlolwe i-prostate nesinye.

6. I-ultrasound yesisu

I-ultrasound yesisu isetshenziselwa ukuphenya ubuhlungu besisu, uma kukhona iziphuzo kule ndawo, noma ukuhlola izitho ezinjengesibindi, izinso, ubukhona besixuku uma kwenzeka kuba nokuhlukumezeka noma ukushaywa, esifundeni sesisu. Ngaphezu kokusebenziseka uma kuhlolwa izinso nomgudu wokuchama, isibonelo.

Kwenziwa kanjani: Udokotela uzokhombisa ukuthi kunesidingo sokwenza amalungiselelo athile ngaphambi kwalokho, kepha uma kuhlolwa izinso, umgudu wokuchama kanye nesinye uqobo, ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kunconywa ukuzila kwamahora ayisithupha, futhi ukuhlolwa kudingeka kwenziwe ngesinye esigcwele. Ngakho-ke, izingane ezineminyaka engu-3 kuya kwengu-10 kufanele ziphuze izingilazi zamanzi ezi-2 kuye kwezingu-4, intsha nabantu abadala kufanele baphuze izingilazi zamanzi ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-10 kuze kufike ehoreni elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, bengakwazi ukuchama ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.