Uwuthola nini umuthi wokugoma we-yellow fever?

-Delile

• Usetshenziswa kanjani umuthi wokugoma
• Usebenza kanjani umuthi wokugoma oyingxenye
• Ukusabela okungahambi kahle okungenzeka nokuthi wenzeni
• 1. Ubuhlungu nokubomvu endaweni yokuluma
• 2. Imfiva, imisipha nekhanda
• 3. Ukushaqeka kwe-Anaphylactic
• 4. Izinguquko zezinzwa
• Ngubani ongakwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugoma

Umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever uyingxenye yohlelo oluyisisekelo lokugoma izingane nabantu abadala kwezinye izifunda eBrazil, okuyisibopho kubantu abahlala noma abahlose ukuhambela izindawo ezinesifo, njengasenyakatho neBrazil nakwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika. Lesi sifo sidluliswa ngokulunywa omiyane bohlobo lozaloHaemagogus, Sabethes noma Aedes aegypti.

Lo muthi wokugoma unganikezwa abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-9, ikakhulukazi kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuya endaweni ethintekile, usetshenziswe ngumhlengikazi, engalweni, emtholampilo wezempilo.

Labo abathole umuthi wokugoma okungenani kanye empilweni yabo, akudingeki baphinde bawugome ngaphambi kokuhamba, ngoba bavikelekile impilo yabo yonke. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni zezingane ezithola umuthi wokugoma kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyi-9, kungakuhle ukuthi kwenziwe umthamo omusha wokulekelela uneminyaka emi-4 ubudala.

Umuthi wokugoma ubuye unconyelwe abantu abasebenza kwezokuvakasha zasemakhaya kanye nabasebenzi abadinga ukungena ehlathini noma ehlathini kulezi zifunda. Izincomo zomuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever zingokulandelayo:

Amazwe aseBrazil adinga ukugonyelwa i-yellow fever yi-Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, Goiás, Tocantins, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Maranhão neMinas Gerais. Kungaphakanyiswa ezinye izifunda zezifunda ezilandelayo: iBahia, iPiauí, iParaná, iSanta Catarina neRio Grande do Sul.

Umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever ungatholakala mahhala kumaNyunithi Wezempilo Ayisisekelo noma emitholampilo yangasese yokugoma evunyelwe ne-Anvisa.

Usetshenziswa kanjani umuthi wokugoma

Ukusetshenziswa komuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever kwenziwa ngomjovo wesikhumba, ngumhlengikazi. Umuthi wokugoma ungasetshenziswa ezinganeni ezingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-9 ubudala nakubo bonke abantu abangavezwa yi-yellow fever.

Usebenza kanjani umuthi wokugoma oyingxenye

Ngaphezu komuthi wokugoma ophelele we-yellow fever, umuthi wokugawula ohlukanisiwe nawo wakhishwa, oqukethe i-1/10 yokwakheka komuthi wokugoma ophelele futhi, esikhundleni sokuvikela impilo yonke, esivikela kuphela iminyaka engu-8. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusebenza komuthi wokugoma kuhlala kunjalo futhi ayikho ingozi eyengeziwe yokuthola lesi sifo. Lesi sinyathelo senziwe ukuvumela inani elikhulu labantu ukuthi ligonywe ngezikhathi zobhadane futhi umuthi wokugomela ohlukanisiwe ungenziwa ezikhungweni zezempilo mahhala.

Ukusabela okungahambi kahle okungenzeka nokuthi wenzeni

Umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever uphephe impela, noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo kungenzeka ukuthi kuvele ukuvela okuthile okungahambi kahle, okuvame kakhulu okubandakanya ubuhlungu endaweni yokulunywa, umkhuhlane kanye nokugula okuvamile.

1. Ubuhlungu nokubomvu endaweni yokuluma

Ubuhlungu nokubomvu kusayithi lokulunywa yizinto ezimbi kakhulu ezivame ukwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu futhi banomuzwa wokuthi le ndawo inzima futhi iyavuvukala. Lokhu kusabela kwenzeka kubantu abangaba ngu-4%, izinsuku ezi-1 kuye kwezi-2 ngemuva kokugoma.

Okufanele ngikwenze: ukukhulula isikhumba nokuvuvukala, kufanele kusetshenziswe iqhwa endaweni, livikele isikhumba ngendwangu ehlanzekile. Uma kunokulimala okukhulu kakhulu noma ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe, bheka udokotela ngokushesha.

2. Imfiva, imisipha nekhanda

Imiphumela emibi efana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bemisipha nekhanda nakho kungabonakala, okungavela kubantu abangaba ngu-4%, imvamisa kusukela osukwini lwesithathu ngemuva kokugoma.

Okufanele ngikwenze: ukudambisa umkhuhlane, umuntu angaphuza amaphilisi ezinhlungu nama-antipyretics, njenge-paracetamol noma i-dipyrone, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa uchwepheshe wezempilo.

3. Ukushaqeka kwe-Anaphylactic

Ukushaqeka kwe-Anaphylactic kuyisenzo esibi kakhulu somzimba, okuthi, yize kungavamile, singenzeka kwabanye abantu abathola umuthi wokugoma. Ezinye zezimpawu zesici zifaka ukuphefumula kanzima, ukulunywa nokubomvu kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo nokushaya kwenhliziyo okwandayo, ngokwesibonelo. Lokhu kusabela kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwemizuzu yokuqala engama-30 kuze kufike emahoreni amabili ngemuva kokugoma.

Okufanele ngikwenze: uma kusolwa ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, iya emnyangweni ophuthumayo ngokushesha. Bona ukuthi wenzeni uma kwenzeka ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic.

4. Izinguquko zezinzwa

Izinguquko ze-neurological, ezinjenge-meningism, isizungu, ukukhubazeka kwezimoto, izinguquko ezingeni lokwazi, intamo elukhuni, ikhanda elibuhlungu nokuqina isikhathi noma ukuba ndikindiki akuvamile, kepha futhi nokusabela okubi kakhulu, okungenzeka cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuye kwezingu-21 ngemuva kokugoma. Ikhanda elibuhlungu futhi elihlala isikhathi eside liyisifo esivame ukwenzeka futhi singenzeka ngemuva nje kokugoma, kube uphawu oluyisixwayiso lwezinkinga zemizwa ezingaba khona.

Okufanele ngikwenze: uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, kufanele uye kudokotela ngokushesha okukhulu, okufanele aphenye amanye ama-syndromes abucayi wezinzwa.

Ngubani ongakwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugoma

Umuthi wokugoma awunconywa ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ngenxa yokungavuthwa kwamasosha omzimba, ngaphezu kwengozi enkulu yokuphendula kwemizwa kanye nethuba elikhulu lokugoma elingenamthelela;
• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, ngoba amasosha omzimba asevele entekenteke ngenxa yobudala, okwandisa amathuba omuthi wokugoma ongasebenzi kanye nokusabela emuthini wokugoma.
• Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, Kunconywa kuphela uma kwenzeka ubhadane nangemva kokukhululwa kukadokotela. Endabeni yabesifazane abakhulelwe abahlala ezifundeni ezinengcuphe ephezulu ye-yellow fever, kunconywa ukuthi umuthi wokugoma unikezwe ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukukhulelwa, uma owesifazane engagonywanga ebuntwaneni;
• Abesifazane abancelisa izingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ukugwema ukusabela okungathi sína;
• Abantu abanezifo ezenza buthakathaka amasosha omzimba, njengomdlavuza noma ukutheleleka nge-HIV, isibonelo;
• Ukwelashwa ngama-corticosteroids, ama-immunosuppressants, i-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy, ngoba futhi kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela;
• Abantu asebethunyelwe ukufakelwa izitho zomzimba;
• Abathwali bezifo ezizimele, njenge-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ne-Rheumatoid Arthritis, isibonelo, njengoba ziphazamisa nokuzivikela komzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanomlando wokungezwani okunzima neqanda noma i-gelatin akufanele futhi bathole umuthi wokugoma. Ngakho-ke, abantu abangakwazi ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever kumele bathathe izinyathelo zokugwema ukuxhumana nomiyane, njengokusebenzisa amabhulukwe anemikhono emide namablawuzi, izinto zokuxosha izinto kanye nezimbumbulu. Funda kabanzi ngezindlela zokuzivikela ku-yellow fever.