Kusho Ukuthini Ukuba Sesimweni Semifino?

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Lesi sifo sitholakala kanjani?
• Yini engadala lesi simo?
• Ukulimala kobuchopho kwe-Nontraumatic
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (i-TBI)
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okuqhubekayo
• Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa?
• Kuthiwani uma lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
• Izinqumo zamalungu omndeni
• Uyini umbono wabantu abakulesi simo?
• Yini ongayilindela ngemuva kwalokho
• Okubalulekile

Isimo semifino, noma isimo esingazi futhi esingaphenduli, yisifo esithile sokuxilongwa kwemizwa lapho umuntu enesiqu esisebenzayo sobuchopho kepha engazi noma esebenza ngengqondo.

Abantu abasesimweni sokungazi nokungaphenduli bayashintshana phakathi kokulala nokuphaphama. Kodwa-ke, noma bevukile, abakwazi ukuhlangana nabanye abantu noma indawo ebazungezile.

Qhubeka ufunde njengoba sihlola izimbangela zalesi simo sezinzwa, sihluke kanjani ekufeni noma ekufeni kobuchopho, nokuthi sitholakala kanjani futhi siphathwa kanjani.

Izindaba Zolimi

Uma unomuntu othandekayo usesimweni sokungazi futhi esingaphenduli, odokotela bangabhekisela kuso njengesimo se "vegetative".

Kepha ukuhluka kwaleli gama kusetshenziswe ngezindlela zokudelela noma ukulimaza abanye. Ngenxa yokudideka nobuhlungu obungase kubangele abantu obathandayo, odokotela bezinzwa benzelwe lesi simo sokwazi.
Elinye lamagama anjengokuthi “ukungazi nokungaphenduli,” esizolisebenzisa kulesi sihloko.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Umuntu osesimweni sokungazi nongaphenduli uye walimala ebuchosheni. Abanakho ukusebenza kwengqondo, noma ikhono lokucabanga. Kepha njengoba isiqu sabo sobuchopho sisasebenza, umuntu anga:

• lawula ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo ngaphandle kosizo
• bavule amehlo
• ube nomjikelezo wokulala
• unezimo eziyisisekelo
• hambisa amehlo abo, ukucwayiza, noma ukudwengula
• ukububula, ukububula, noma ukubonakala ukumomotheka

Abakwazi uku:

• landela izinto ngamehlo abo
• phendula amazwi noma imiyalo ekhulunywayo
• khuluma noma xhumana ngokucwayiza noma ngokwenza ngezandla
• hamba ngenhloso
• sebenzisana nendawo ebazungezile
• khombisa izimpawu zomzwelo
• khombisa izimpawu zokuqwashisa

Lesi simo sokungazi nokungaphenduli sihlukile kulezi zimo ezifanayo:

• Isimo esincane sokuqaphela. Umuntu uyashintsha phakathi kokuqwashisa nokuntuleka kokuqwashisa.
• I-Coma. Umuntu akavuki futhi akazi.
• Ukufa kobuchopho. Ukulimala kobuchopho nesiqu sobuchopho akunakulungiseka ngokuphelele.
• I-Locked-in syndrome. Umuntu uyazi futhi wazi ngokuphelele kepha ukhubazeke ngokuphelele futhi akakwazi ukukhuluma.

Lesi sifo sitholakala kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwesimo sokungazi nokungaphenduli kudinga:

• ukutholakala komjikelezo wokulala
• akukho ukukhuluma kolimi noma ukuqonda
• abukho ubufakazi bokuthi impendulo eqhubekayo, yokuzala kabusha, enenjongo, noma yokuzithandela ekuvuseleleni ukubona, umsindo, iphunga noma ukuthinta
• isiqu sobuchopho esisebenzayo

Olunye lolu lwazi luzovela ekuqapheleni okuqondile ngudokotela wezinzwa.

Udokotela wezinzwa angasebenzisa futhi ukuhlola okuxilonga ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• I-EEG (electroencephalogram) ukuhlola umsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni
• I-CT noma i-MRI scan ukusiza ukuhlola ukulimala ebuchosheni kanye nesiqu sobuchopho
• Ukuskena kwe-PET ukusiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kobuchopho

iqiniso

Isimo esingazi futhi esingaphenduli silandela ikhoma.

Yini engadala lesi simo?

Ukulimala kanzima kobuchopho ngenxa yokugula noma ukulimala kudala isimo sokungazi nokuphendula.

Ukulimala kobuchopho kwe-Nontraumatic

Lolu hlobo lokulimala kobuchopho kungenzeka lapho ubuchopho buphucwa umoya-mpilo, noma izicubu zobuchopho zilimele. Ezinye izizathu zalokhu zifaka:

• ukweqisa izidakamizwa
• i-encephalitis
• isifo senhliziyo
• meningitis
• eduze nokuminza
• ubuthi
• i-aneurysm eqhekekile
• ukuhogela intuthu
• unhlangothi

Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (i-TBI)

Lolu hlobo lokulimala kobuchopho kungumphumela wokulimala ongakuthola ngokushaya ngamandla ekhanda ngenxa ye:

• ingozi yemoto
• uwe kusuka ekuphakameni okukhulu
• indawo yokusebenzela noma ingozi yezemidlalo
• ukuhlasela

Ukulimala kwengqondo okuqhubekayo

Lokhu kulimala kobuchopho kungahle kube ngenxa yezimo ezinjengalezi:

• Isifo i-Alzheimer's
• isimila sobuchopho
• Isifo sikaParkinson

iqiniso

Ezimweni ezisongela impilo, odokotela banenketho yokunciphisa ikhoma. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvikela ubuchopho nokukunika isikhathi sokuphola. Kodwa-ke, okushiwo okungaphenduli nokungazi kushiwo hhayi ukwelashwa.

Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa?

Akukho ukwelashwa kwangempela. Esikhundleni salokho, ukugxila ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ukuze ingqondo ikwazi ukuphola. Umuntu uzobhekwa ngokucophelela ngezinguquko noma izimpawu zokuthuthuka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela bazothatha izinyathelo ukuvimbela izinkinga ezingaba khona, njenge:

• ukutheleleka
• inyumoniya
• ukwehluleka ukuphefumula

Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kungabandakanya:

• ithubhu yokudla yokunikeza izakhamzimba
• ukushintsha izikhundla njalo ukugwema izilonda zengcindezi
• ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuzivocavoca kahle amalunga
• ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba
• ukunakekelwa ngomlomo
• ukuphathwa kwemisebenzi yamathumbu nesinye

Ochwepheshe abahlukahlukene bangafaka amalungu omndeni ekuzameni ukushukumisa izinzwa nokukhuthaza impendulo ngo:

• ukukhuluma nabo ngezinto abazijwayele
• ukudlala umculo, i-TV, noma ama-movie owathandayo
• kukhombisa izithombe zomndeni
• ukwengeza izimbali, amakha owathandayo, noma amanye amakha ekamelweni
• ukubamba noma ukuphulula isandla noma ingalo yabo

Ukwelashwa kuzoqala esimweni esibucayi esibhedlela. Kwezinye izimo, umuntu angashintshelwa ekhaya lasebekhulile noma kwenye indawo yokunakekela isikhathi eside.

Kuthiwani uma lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ukulimala kwengqondo okuholela esimweni sokungazi nokungaphenduli kungenzeka kunoma ngubani. Uma kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela komama nomntwana.

Kwelinye icala elibhaliwe, owesifazane okhulelwe ungene kulesi sifundazwe ekhulelwe amasonto ayi-14. Wanikezwa ukunakekelwa okumesekayo futhi wabeletha ngokuhlinzwa phakathi namasonto angama-34. Ingane yayiphilile. Umama wahlala esimweni sokungazi nesokuphendula enye inyanga ngaphambi kokuba ashone.

Kwesinye isimo, owesifazane wayenamasonto amane ekhulelwe ngesikhathi engena esimweni sokungazi nokungaphenduli. Ngokucophelela, wakwazi ukuthwala umbungu amanye amasonto angama-29.

Ngemuva kokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, wabeletha ingane enempilo. Umama wahlala esimweni esifanayo sezinzwa.

Izinqumo zamalungu omndeni

Umuntu okulesi simo sezinzwa angaphila amashumi eminyaka, kepha iningi labantu lizophila iminyaka embalwa nje. Njengelungu lomndeni, kungadingeka uthathe izinqumo eziningi ezibalulekile mayelana nokunakekelwa kwabo, okufana nalokhu:

• ukuthola ikhaya elifanele labahlengikazi noma indawo
• ukubhekela izici zezimali zokunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside
• ukwenza izinqumo ezisekela impilo ezibandakanya ama-ventilator, amashubhu okondla, nezinye izinyathelo ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina umuntu ephila
• ukukhetha ukuthi usayine i-do not resuscitate (DNR) ngakho-ke akukho zinyathelo zokusindisa impilo ezizothathwa uma umuntu eyeka ukuphefumula

Lezi yizinqumo eziyinkimbinkimbi okufanele zifake ingxoxo ejulile nodokotela abathintekayo.

Uma umuntu engenayo incwadi yefa ephilayo noma amandla ezokwelapha ommeli, kungasiza ukuxhumana nommeli ngamalungelo akho nezibopho zakho.

Uyini umbono wabantu abakulesi simo?

Abantu abasesimweni sokungazi futhi abangaphenduli bangadlulela esimweni sokuqaphela kancane.

Abanye bayovuseleleka kancane kancane. Abanye bazoqhubeka balahlekelwe yikho konke ukusebenza kobuchopho. Ayikho indlela yokubikezela ngokunembile ukuthi ngubani ozolulama. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kuncike ku:

• uhlobo nobukhulu bokulimala
• iminyaka yomuntu
• lowo muntu wayekude kangakanani kuhulumeni

Lapho isimo sezinzwa esinganakile nesingaphenduli sihlala ngaphezu kwamasonto ama-4, sibizwa ngokuthi isimo esiphikelelayo semifino (PVS).

Phakathi kwabantu abane-TBI abahlala esimweni semizwa esingazi futhi esingaphenduli inyanga yonke, cishe amaphesenti angama-50 abuyela emqondweni. Abanye bangashiywa benokukhubazeka okungapheli. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kungaba nzima kakhulu kubantu abahlangabezane nokugula noma ukulimala okungasebenzi kwengqondo.

Kubhekwa njenge-PVS uma ngabe bekuyi:

• kubangelwa ukulimala kwengqondo okungapheli futhi kudonse isikhathi eside kunezinyanga eziyisithupha
• ngenxa ye-TBI futhi ihlale isikhathi eside kunezinyanga eziyi-12

Ukululama kusengenzeka, kepha akunakwenzeka neze. Labo ababuyayo ukwazi ngemuva kwesikhathi eside bangashiywa nokukhubazeka okukhulu ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho.

Yini ongayilindela ngemuva kwalokho

Izimpawu zokuqala zokululama kungenzeka ukulandela inkomba elula, efana nokuthi “Cindezela isandla sami.” Umuntu angazama ukuxhumana ngokuvuma ngekhanda, ngokuthola okuthile, noma ngokuthinta izandla.

Bangase babe sesimeni esincane ekuqaleni, ngakho-ke inqubekela phambili inganqamuka futhi ithuthuke kancane kancane futhi.

Ukutakula kuyehluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa ngokuphelele, udokotela anganikeza imininingwane ethe xaxa ngombono wabo jikelele nokuthi yini ongayenza ukusiza.

Okubalulekile

Isimo sezinzwa esingazi futhi esingaphenduli asiyona into efana nokufa kwengqondo.

Ubuchopho bakho busasebenza, futhi uhamba phakathi nomjikelezo wokulala. Kepha awazi futhi awukwazi ukusebenzisana nendawo ekuzungezile. Lesi simo sezinzwa ngokuvamile silandela ikhoma.

Ukwelashwa ikakhulukazi kubandakanya ukunakekelwa okusekelayo. Ukululama kuncike kakhulu ekulimaleni kwengqondo. Icala ngalinye lihlukile.

Udokotela oya khona angakusiza uqonde kabanzi nokuthi yini ongayilindela.