Iyini i-Nephrology futhi Yenzani i-Nephrologist?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Umsebenzi we-nephrologist
• Imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwe-nephrologist
• Izimo ezelashwa yi-nephrologist
• Ukuhlolwa nezinqubo okungenziwa i-nephrologist noma uku-oda
• Ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Izinqubo
• Umehluko phakathi kwe-nephrology ne-urology
• Lapho uzobona i-nephrologist
• Ungayithola kanjani i-nephrologist
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

I-Nephrology yinto ekhethekile yemithi yangaphakathi egxile ekwelapheni izifo ezithinta izinso.

Unezinso ezimbili. Zitholakala ngaphansi kwezimbambo zakho ngapha nangapha komgogodla wakho. Izinso zinemisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile, kufaka phakathi:

• kususa imfucuza noketshezi oluningi egazini
• ukugcina ibhalansi ye-electrolyte yomzimba wakho
• ukukhipha ama-hormone anemisebenzi efana nokuphatha umfutho wegazi

Umsebenzi we-nephrologist

I-nephrologist uhlobo lodokotela ogxile ekwelapheni izifo zezinso. Akuzona nje kuphela ukuthi ama-nephrologists anolwazi lobuchwepheshe ngezifo ezithinta izinso ngokukhethekile, kodwa futhi zinolwazi kakhulu lokuthi isifo sezinso noma ukungasebenzi kahle kungazithinta kanjani ezinye izitho zomzimba wakho.

Yize udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko ezosebenza ukusiza ukuvimbela nokwelapha izigaba zokuqala zesifo sezinso, i-nephrologist ingabizwa ukuze isize ukuxilonga nokwelapha izimo zezinso ezinzima noma eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwe-nephrologist

Ukuze uqale endleleni eya ekubeni yi-nephrologist, kufanele uqale uqedele isikole sezokwelapha. Isikole sezokwelapha sithatha iminyaka emine futhi sidinga iziqu ze-bachelor ngaphambi.

Ngemuva kokuthola iziqu zakho zobudokotela, uzodinga ukuqedela ukuhlala iminyaka emithathu okugxile kwezokwelapha kwangaphakathi. Indawo yokuhlala ivumela odokotela abasha ukuthi bathole ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo nemfundo esimweni somtholampilo nangaphansi kokuqondiswa kodokotela abaphezulu abaphezulu.

Uma usuqinisekisiwe kwezokwelapha kwangaphakathi, kufanele-ke uqedele ukuhlangana kweminyaka emibili kokukhethekile kwe-nephrology. Lokhu kubambisana kuqinisa ulwazi kanye namakhono emitholampilo adingekayo kokukhethekile. Ngemuva kokuphothula ubudlelwane bakho, ungathatha isivivinyo ukuze uqinisekiswe ngamabhodi ku-nephrology.

Izimo ezelashwa yi-nephrologist

Izazi ze-Neephrologists zingasebenza nawe ukusiza ukuxilonga nokwelapha lezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• igazi noma amaprotheni emchameni
• isifo esingapheliyo sezinso
• amatshe ezinso, yize udokotela womchamo naye angakuphatha lokhu
• izifo zezinso
• ukuvuvukala kwezinso ngenxa ye-glomerulonephritis noma i-interstitial nephritis
• umdlavuza wezinso
• isifo sezinso se-polycystic
• i-hemolytic uremic syndrome
• i-renal artery stenosis
• isifo se-nephrotic
• isifo sezinso sokugcina
• ukwehluleka kwezinso, kokubili okunzima nokungapheli

I-nephrologist nayo ingabandakanyeka lapho ezinye izinto zibangela isifo sezinso noma ukungasebenzi kahle, kufaka phakathi:

• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• isifo sikashukela
• Isifo senhliziyo
• izimo ezizimele, njenge-lupus
• imithi

Ukuhlolwa nezinqubo okungenziwa i-nephrologist noma uku-oda

Uma uvakashela i-nephrologist, bangabandakanyeka ekwenzeni izivivinyo nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene noma ukuhumusha imiphumela.

Ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri

Uhla olubanzi lokuhlola lungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho. Lezi zivivinyo zivame ukwenziwa kusampula yegazi noma umchamo.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

• Izinga lokuhlunga le-Glomerular (GFR). Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala ukuthi izinso zakho zilisefa kanjani igazi lakho. I-GFR iqala ukwehla ngaphansi kwamazinga ajwayelekile ezifweni zezinso.
• I-serum creatinine. I-Creatinine ingumkhiqizo odoti futhi ikhona emazingeni aphezulu egazini labantu abanezinso ezingasebenzi.
• Igazi urea nitrogen (BUN). Njengakwi-creatinine, ukuthola amazinga aphezulu alo mkhiqizo osegazini kuwuphawu lokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso.

Ukuhlolwa komchamo

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo. Lesi sampuli somchamo singahlolwa nge-dipstick ye-pH kanye nokutholakala kwemali engavamile yegazi, i-glucose, amaprotheni, noma amabhaktheriya.
• Isilinganiso se-albhamuin / creatinine (ACR). Lokhu kuhlolwa komchamo kukala inani le-proteinin e-urin yakho. I-albhamuin emchameni iwuphawu lokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso.
• Ukuqoqwa komchamo wamahora angama-24. Le ndlela isebenzisa isitsha esikhethekile ukuqoqa wonke umchamo owukhiqizayo ngesikhathi samahora angama-24. Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kungenziwa kulesi sampuli.
• Imvume ye-Creatinine. Lesi isilinganiso se-creatinine esivela kwisampuli segazi nesampula yomchamo wamahora angama-24 esetshenziselwa ukubala inani le-creatinine eliphume egazini laya e-urine.

Izinqubo

Ngaphezu kokubuyekeza nokuhumusha imiphumela yezivivinyo zakho zaselabhorethri, i-nephrologist nayo ingenza noma isebenze nabanye ochwepheshe ngalezi zinqubo ezilandelayo:

• ukuhlolwa kwezinso zezinso, njengama-ultrasound, ama-CT scan, noma ama-X-ray
• i-dialysis, kufaka phakathi nokubekwa kwepayipi le-dialysis
• izinso zezinso
• ukufakelwa izinso

Umehluko phakathi kwe-nephrology ne-urology

Izinkambu ze-nephrology ne-urology zabelana ngokunye ngoba zingabandakanya izinso zombili. Ngenkathi i-nephrologist igxila ezifweni nasezimweni ezithinta izinso ngqo, i-urologist igxila ezifweni nasezimweni ezingathinta umgudu womchamo wesilisa nowesifazane.

Ipheshana le-urinary lifaka izinso, kodwa futhi nezinye izingxenye ezinjenge-ureters, isinye, ne-urethra. Udokotela we-urologist futhi usebenza nezitho zokuzala zabesilisa, njengepipi, amasende, ne-prostate.

Izimo udokotela we-urologist angaziphatha zingabandakanya:

• amatshe ezinso
• izifo zesinye
• Izinkinga zokulawula isinye
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile
• i-prostate ekhulisiwe

Lapho uzobona i-nephrologist

Udokotela wakho oyinhloko angasiza ekuvikeleni nasekwelapheni izigaba zokuqala zesifo sezinso. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi lezi zigaba zokuqala zingahle zingabi nazimpawu noma zingaba nezimpawu ezingacacisiwe njengokukhathala, izinkinga zokulala, nezinguquko kunani olichazayo.

Ukuhlolwa njalo kungaqapha ukusebenza kwezinso zakho, ikakhulukazi uma usengozini yesifo sezinso. Lawa maqembu afaka abantu abane:

• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• isifo sikashukela
• Isifo senhliziyo
• umlando womndeni wezinkinga zezinso

Ukuhlola kungathola izimpawu zokuncipha kokusebenza kwezinso, njengokuncipha kwenani le-GFR noma ukwanda kwezinga le-albhamuin emchameni wakho. Uma imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukonakala okusheshayo noma okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezinso, udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe we-nephrologist.

Udokotela wakho futhi angakudlulisela kwi-nephrologist uma unokunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• isifo esingapheliyo sezinso
• inani elikhulu legazi noma amaprotheni emchameni wakho
• amatshe ezinso aphindaphindiwe, noma ungahle udluliselwe kudokotela wezifo zomchamo ngalokhu
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme osaphakeme yize uthatha imishanguzo
• imbangela engajwayelekile noma ezuzwe njengefa yesifo sezinso

Ungayithola kanjani i-nephrologist

Uma udinga ukubona i-nephrologist, udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko kufanele akwazi ukukudlulisela kuye. Kwezinye izimo, inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ingadinga ukuthi udluliselwe kudokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo ngaphambi kokuvakashela uchwepheshe.

Uma ukhetha ukungatholi ukuthunyelwa kudokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, hlola inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ukuthola uhlu lochwepheshe abaseduze oluhlanganiswe kunethiwekhi yakho yomshuwalense.

Ukuthatha

I-nephrologist uhlobo lodokotela olukhethekile ezifweni nasezimweni ezithinta izinso. Basebenza ukwelapha izimo ezinjengesifo esingapheliyo sezinso, ukutheleleka kwezinso, nokwehluleka kwezinso.

Udokotela wakho wokunakekela oyinhloko cishe uzokudlulisela ku-nephrologist uma unesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi noma esithuthukile sezinso esidinga ukunakekelwa nguchwepheshe.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma unezinkinga ezithile mayelana nezinkinga zezinso, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi uxoxa ngazo nodokotela wakho bese ucela ukuthunyelwa, uma kunesidingo.