Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngemikhiqizo Yezinwele kanye Nengozi Yomdlavuza Webele

-Delile

• Kusho Ukuthini Lokhu
• Kufanele Ukhathazeke Kangakanani Ngempela?
• Buyekeza kwe-

Ukusuka ekuphuzeni utshwala njalo ukusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes, kunezinhlobo zonke zemikhuba engenza ingozi yomdlavuza wakho. Into eyodwa ongase ungacabangi ngayo njengengozi? Imikhiqizo yezinwele oyisebenzisayo. Kodwa ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zokwelapha izinwele zingase zihlotshaniswe nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele. (Nazi izimpawu eziyi-11 zomdlavuza webele wonke umuntu wesifazane okufanele azi ngazo.)

Ucwaningo olusha olushicilelwe ku Ijenali Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yomdlavuza futhi exhaswe ngemali yiNational Institutes of Health iphakamisa ukuthi abesifazane abasebenzisa odayi bezinwele abasebenza unomphela kanye namakhemikhali ezinwele zamakhemikhali bangaba sengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele, uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane abangayisebenzisi le mikhiqizo.

Ukuze bafinyelele eziphethweni zabo, abacwaningi babuyekeza imininingwane yocwaningo oluqhubekayo olubizwa nge-Sister Study, olufaka phakathi abesifazane abangaba nomdlavuza webele ababalelwa ku-47,000 odadewabo okutholwe ukuthi banesifo. Abesifazane, ababephakathi kweminyaka engama-35-74 ubudala ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa, baqale baphendula imibuzo mayelana nemikhuba yabo ejwayelekile yezempilo nendlela yokuphila (kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezinwele). Babe sebehlinzeka abacwaningi ngezibuyekezo mayelana nesimo sabo sezempilo nendlela yokuphila esikhathini esijwayelekile sokulandelela seminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Kukonke, okutholakele kukhombisile ukuthi abesifazane abathi basebenzisa udayi wezinwele unomphela banamathuba angamaphesenti ayi-9 okuba nomdlavuza webele kunabesifazane abangabikanga besebenzisa le mikhiqizo. Abesifazane base-Afrika-baseMelika, ikakhulukazi, babonakala bethinteke nakakhulu: Ucwaningo lwaphawula ukuthi leli qembu labesifazane libe nokwanda kwamaphesenti angu-45 engozini yomdlavuza webele uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-7 engozini yokwanda kwabesifazane abamhlophe. Yize kungacacile ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani kube nengozi enkulu ekhulayo phakathi kwabesifazane abamnyama, abacwaningi babhale ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemikhiqizo yezinwele-ikakhulukazi lezo ezingase ziqukethe ukugxila okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali athile e-carcinogenic-zithengiswa kwabesifazane bemibala.

Abaphenyi bathole ukuxhumana phakathi kwamakhemikhali okuqondisa izinwele (cabanga: ukwelashwa kwe-keratin) nomdlavuza webele. Kulokhu, ingozi ayizange ihluke ngokobuhlanga. Ngokuya ngemininingwane, ukusebenzisa i-straightener yamakhemikhali kwakuhlotshaniswa nengcuphe yokwenyuka kwamaphesenti ayi-18 yomdlavuza webele kulo lonke ibhodi, futhi ingozi yakhuphukela kumaphesenti angama-30 kulabo ababika ukuthi basebenzisa i-straightener yamakhemikhali njalo emavikini ayisihlanu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. Yize ubungozi bekungabonakali kuthinteka ubuhlanga, abesifazane abamnyama ocwaningweni babenamathuba amaningi okubika besebenzisa la maqondana (amaphesenti angama-74 uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti ama-3 abesifazane abamhlophe).

Yiqiniso, ucwaningo lwalunemikhawulo yalo. Ababhali bezocwaningo baphawule ukuthi bonke ababambiqhaza babo banomlando womndeni wesifo somdlavuza webele, okusho ukuthi imiphumela yabo kungenzeka ingasebenzi kulabo abangenawo umlando womndeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba abesifazane bazibika ngokwabo ukusebenzisa kwabo udayi wezinwele unomphela kanye neziqondiso zamakhemikhali, ukukhumbula kwabo leyo mikhuba kungenzeka ukuthi bekunganembile ngokuphelele futhi bekungahle kuhlanekezele imiphumela, abacwaningi babhala. Ngalokho engqondweni, ababhali bocwaningo baphethe ngokuthi ucwaningo olwengeziwe kufanele lwenziwe ukuze kuhlonzwe ukuhlangana okuphathekayo phakathi kwale mikhiqizo yezinwele nobungozi bomdlavuza webele.

Kusho Ukuthini Lokhu

Nakuba abacwaningi bengakwazi ukukhomba ngokuqondile ukuthi yini kule mikhiqizo yamakhemikhali engase ikhulise ingozi yabesifazane yomdlavuza webele, basikisela ukuthi abesifazane bangase bafune ukucabanga kabusha ngokusetshenziswa kodayi bezinwele unomphela.

"Sichayeka ezintweni eziningi ezingaba nomthelela emdlavuzeni webele, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi noma iyiphi into eyodwa ichaze ubungozi besifazane," kusho omunye wababhali uDale Sandler, Ph.D. kusho isitatimende. "Yize kusesekuseni kakhulu ukwenza izincomo eziqinile, ukugwema la makhemikhali kungaba yinto eyodwa abesifazane abangayenza ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza webele." (Ingabe bewazi ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kokulala nomdlavuza webele?)

Kuvele ukuthi, lolu akulona ucwaningo lokuqala lokuphakamisa amafulegi abomvu mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamadayi ezinwele ahlala njalo nokunye ukwelapha izinwele ngamakhemikhali. Ucwaningo lwango-2017 olushicilelwe kujenali yezokwelapha I-Carcinogenesis kubhekwe abesifazane abangu-4 000 abaneminyaka engu-20 kuya ku-75, okuhlanganisa nabo bobabili abesifazane abanomdlavuza webele nalabo abangakaze babe nomdlavuza webele. Abesifazane banikeze abacwaningi imininingwane mayelana nemikhuba yabo yomkhiqizo wezinwele, okuhlanganisa noma ngabe bayawusebenzisa yini udayi wezinwele, iziphumuli zamakhemikhali, iziqondiso zamakhemikhali, nokhilimu bokulungisa abajulile. Abacwaningi baphinde babala ezinye izici ezifana nomlando wezempilo wokuzala kanye nowomuntu siqu.

Kusetshenziswa udayi wezinwele o-dark-hued (omnyama noma onsundu) kwahlotshaniswa namaphesenti angama-51 kwandisa ingozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane base-Afrika nabaseMelika kanye namaphesenti angama-72 okwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele we-estrogen-receptor (uhlobo olukhulayo ekuphenduleni i-hormone estrogen) phakathi kwabesifazane base-Afrika-baseMelika. Ukusebenzisa iziphumuli zamakhemikhali noma iziqondiso kwahlotshaniswa nengozi eyandayo engamaphesenti angama-74 phakathi kwabesifazane abamhlophe. Nakuba lokhu kuzwakala kuthusa ngempela, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi yizinhlobo eziqondile kuphela zemikhiqizo ezitholakale zinomthelela ongaba nomthelela engcupheni yomdlavuza webele, futhi kumane kuwukuthi: kungenzeka umphumela, hhayi imbangela nomphumela oqinisekisiwe.

Sekukonke, i- I-Carcinogenesis ababhali abacwaningayo baphethe ngokuthi izinto ezinkulu abazithathile ocwaningweni lwabo ukuthi eminye imikhiqizo yezinwele — kufaka phakathi leyo abesifazane abangayisebenzisa ekhaya ukuzitholela imishanguzo — banobudlelwano nengozi yomdlavuza webele (futhi, i-TBD emininingwaneni eqondile yalobo budlelwano) nokuthi lena impela indawo okufanele ihlolwe ekuqhubekeni kocwaningo.

Futhi ngokucabangela kukhona omunye I-JAMA Imithi Yangaphakathi ucwaningo olwathola ukuthi imiphumela emibi evela *zonke izinhlobo* zemikhiqizo yezimonyo—okuhlanganisa izimonyo, ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba, nokunakekelwa kwezinwele—iyakhula, kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili ukuqaphela lokho okugqokayo nendawo okuzungezile. umzimba wakho.

Kufanele Ukhathazeke Kangakanani Ngempela?

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi lokhu okutholakele akugcini ngaphandle kwenkambu yangakwesobunxele. "Le miphumela ayimangazi," kusho uMarleen Meyers, M.D., umqondisi weSurvivorship Programme eNyu Langone's Perlmutter Cancer Center, ye I-Carcinogenesis futhi I-JAMA Imithi Yangaphakathi izifundo. “Ukuchayeka kwemvelo emikhiqizweni ethile bekulokhu kunomthelela ekwandiseni amathuba okuba nomdlavuza,” usho kanje. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukuziveza kumakhemikhali aziwa noma okusolwa ukuthi yi-carcinogenic akuwona neze umqondo omuhle. (Kungaleso sizathu-ke iningi labesifazane selivele selicabange kabusha ngalezo zindlela zokwelapha ezivamile ze-keratin.) Idayi yezinwele, ikakhulukazi, inamakhemikhali amaningi (asetshenziswa angaphezu kwama-5 000 ahlukahlukene njengamanje, ngokusho kweNational Cancer Institute) izithako kunoma yimuphi udayi noma imikhiqizo ephumuzayo oyisebenzisa ekhaya, usebenzisa insiza enedumela elihle njengesizindalwazi se-Skin Deep seqembu le-Environmental Working noma i-Cosmeticsinfo.org.

Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe bathi kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngaphambi kokuba basho ukuthi ubani osengozini enkulu nokuthi abantu kufanele bayeke ukusebenzisa udayi wezinwele unomphela noma iziqondiso zamakhemikhali/iziphumuli. "Ngicabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcizelela ukuthi ucwaningo olulawulwa ngamacala (okusho ukuthi ucwaningo oluqhathanisa ngokuzumayo abantu abake baba nomdlavuza webele nalabo abangenalo) alunakusungula imbangela nomphumela," kusho uMaryam Lustberg, MD, isazi somdlavuza webele e-The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, e-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital naseRichard J. Solove Research Institute. Lezi zifundo futhi zikhawulelwe ukuthi zithembele ezikhumbuzweni zabahlanganyeli zokwelashwa nemikhiqizo abayisebenzisile, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi akulona lonke ulwazi abayinikezile obelunembile. (Ufuna ukuqala kabusha ikhabethe lakho lobuhle ngemikhiqizo ehlanzekile? Nayi imikhiqizo eyisikhombisa yobuhle bemvelo esebenza ngempela.)

Ukuthatha kwangempela lapha, kubonakala sengathi, ukuthi uma uzama ukuqaphela ingozi yomdlavuza webele, kungaba umqondo omuhle ukuyeka ukusebenzisa le mikhiqizo ukuze uthole ukuthula kwengqondo kwakho. Kepha kusukela manje, abukho ubufakazi obukholisayo obenele bokuthi wenakumele yeka ukuzisebenzisa.

Futhi, kunezinye izinto ongagxila kuzo uma ukhathazekile ngomdlavuza. “Siyazi ukuthi kuningi okungenziwa ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba okuba nomdlavuza webele neminye imidlavuza, okuhlanganisa ukuba nomzimba onempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukugwema ukushiswa ilanga, ukunciphisa utshwala nokuyeka ukubhema,” kusho uDkt. Meyers.

Buyekeza kwe-