Ingabe i-X-Rays Isiza Kanjani Ukuthola I-COPD?

-Delile

• Izithombe zezimpawu zeCOPD
• Ukulungiselela i-X-ray yesifuba
• Kuzokhonjiswa ini i-X-ray?
• Kuthiwani uma kungeyona i-COPD?
• Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-X-ray nama-CT scan?
• Isiteji se-COPD
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ama-X-ray we-COPD

Isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary pulmonary disease (COPD) yisifo samaphaphu esibi esifaka phakathi izimo zokuphefumula ezihlukile.

Izimo ezivame kakhulu ze-COPD yi-emphysema ne-bronchitis engapheli. I-Emphysema yisifo esilimaza izikhwama zomoya ezincane emaphashini. I-bronchitis engapheli isifo esibangela ukuthi imigwaqo yomoya ihlale icasulwa futhi ivuvuke ngokwanda komkhiqizo wama-mucus.

Abantu abane-COPD bavame ukuba nenkinga yokuphefumula, bakhiqize amafinyila amaningi, bezwe ukuqina kwesifuba, futhi babe nezinye izimpawu kuye ngobukhulu besimo sabo.

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi ungaba ne-COPD, cishe uzodlula ezivivinyweni ezimbalwa ezahlukene ukusiza ukwenza ukuxilongwa. Enye yazo iX-ray yesifuba.

I-X-ray yesifuba iyashesha, ayihlaseli, futhi ayibuhlungu. Isebenzisa amagagasi kagesi ukudala izithombe zamaphaphu, inhliziyo, diaphragm, ne-ribcage. Kuyinto eyodwa kuphela yezivivinyo eziningana ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD.

Izithombe zezimpawu zeCOPD

Ukulungiselela i-X-ray yesifuba

Awudingi ukwenza okuningi ukulungiselela i-X-ray yakho. Uzogqoka ingubo yasesibhedlela esikhundleni sezimpahla ezijwayelekile. Kungatholakala i-apron ehamba phambili ukuvikela izitho zakho zokuzala emisebeni esetshenziselwa ukuthatha i-X-ray.

Kuzodingeka futhi ukuthi ususe noma yikuphi ubucwebe obungaphazamisa ukuhlolwa.

I-X-ray yesifuba ingenziwa ngenkathi umile noma ulele. Kuya ngezimpawu zakho. Imvamisa, i-X-ray yesifuba yenziwa ngenkathi umile.

Uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile ukuthi unoketshezi oluzungeze amaphaphu akho, okuthiwa yi-pleural effusion, bangafuna ukubona izithombe ezingeziwe zamaphaphu akho ngenkathi zilele ngohlangothi lwakho.

Kepha imvamisa kunezithombe ezimbili ezithathiwe: esisodwa sivela ngaphambili esinye sisuka eceleni. Izithombe zitholakala ngokushesha ukuze udokotela azihlole.

Kuzokhonjiswa ini i-X-ray?

Esinye sezibonakaliso ze-COPD ezingabonakala ku-X-ray amaphaphu angenayo i-hyperinflated. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaphaphu abonakala emakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Futhi, i-diaphragm ingabukeka iphansi futhi ithopha kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, futhi inhliziyo ingabukeka yinde kunokujwayelekile.

I-X-ray ku-COPD kungenzeka ingadaluli okuningi uma isimo ngokuyinhloko i-bronchitis engalapheki. Kepha nge-emphysema, izinkinga zesakhiwo samaphaphu zingabonakala ku-X-ray.

Isibonelo, i-X-ray ingase iveze ama-bullae. Emaphashini, ama-bullae ayiphakethe lomoya elakheka eduze nobuso bamaphaphu. IBullae ingakhula ibe nkulu kakhulu (ibe ngaphezu kuka-1 cm) futhi ithathe isikhala esibalulekile ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu.

Ama-bullae amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-blebs. Lokhu ngokuvamile akubonakali esifubeni se-X-ray ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane.

Uma i-bullae noma i-bleb iqhuma, umoya ungaphuma ngaphandle kwamaphaphu ubangele ukuthi uwe. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-pneumothorax ezenzekelayo, futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Izimpawu imvamisa ubuhlungu besifuba obukhali nobunzima bokuphefumula obukhuphukile noma obusha.

Kuthiwani uma kungeyona i-COPD?

Ukungakhululeki kwesifuba kungabangelwa ezinye izimo ngaphandle kwe-COPD. Uma i-X-ray yesifuba sakho ingakhombisi izimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-COPD, udokotela wakho uzoyihlolela ezinye izingqinamba ezingaba khona.

Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, kanye nokwehla kwekhono lokuzivocavoca kungaba yizimpawu zenkinga yamaphaphu, kepha futhi kungaba yizimpawu zenkinga yenhliziyo.

I-X-ray yesifuba inganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngenhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi, njengosayizi wenhliziyo, usayizi wemithambo yegazi, izimpawu zoketshezi ezungeze inhliziyo, nokubalwa noma ukuqina kwamavalvu nemithambo yegazi.

Ingabuye iveze izimbambo eziphukile noma ezinye izinkinga ngamathambo ngaphakathi nasesifuba, konke okungadala ubuhlungu besifuba.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-X-ray nama-CT scan?

I-X-ray yesifuba yindlela eyodwa yokunikeza udokotela wakho izithombe zenhliziyo yakho namaphaphu akho. Iskena se-computed tomography (CT) sesifuba ngelinye ithuluzi eli-oda kakhulu kubantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula.

Ngokungafani ne-X-ray ejwayelekile, enikeza isithombe esicabalele, esisodwa, ama-CT scan ahlinzeka ngochungechunge lwezithombe ze-X-ray ezithathwe ezinhlangothini ezahlukene. Inika odokotela ukubheka izingxenye ezithambile nezinye izicubu ezithambile.

I-CT scan inikeza umbono onemininingwane eminingi kune-X-ray ejwayelekile. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola amahlule egazi emaphashini, okuyinto i-X-ray yesifuba engakwazi ukuyenza. I-CT scan nayo ingathatha imininingwane emincane kakhulu, ekhomba izinkinga, njengomdlavuza, ngaphambili kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukulandela noma ikuphi ukungajwayelekile okubonakala ngaphakathi emaphashini ku-X-ray yesifuba.

Akuvamile ukuthi udokotela wakho ancome kokubili i-X-ray yesifuba kanye ne-CT scan kuye ngezimpawu zakho. IX-ray yesifuba ivame ukwenziwa kuqala ngoba iyashesha futhi iyafinyeleleka futhi inikezela ngemininingwane ewusizo ukuze wenze izinqumo ngokushesha mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho.

Isiteji se-COPD

I-COPD ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine: imnene, ilinganiselwe, inzima futhi inzima kakhulu. Izigaba zinqunywa ngokususelwa enhlanganisweni yokusebenza kwamaphaphu nezimpawu.

Ibanga lenombolo linikezwa ngokuya ngomsebenzi wakho wamaphaphu, lapho inani liphakama kakhulu ukusebenza kwamaphaphu akho kubi kakhulu. Umsebenzi wamaphaphu ususelwa kumthamo wakho wokuphefumula ophoqelelwe ngomzuzwana owodwa (FEV1), isilinganiso sokuthi ungakhipha umoya ongakanani emaphashini akho ngomzuzwana owodwa.

Ibanga lencwadi linikezwa ngokuya ngokuthi izimpawu zakho ziyithinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke nokuthi mangaki ama-flare-ups we-COPD oke waba nawo ngonyaka odlule. Iqembu A linezimpawu ezincane kanye nokuqubuka okumbalwa. Iqembu D linezimpawu nama-flares amaningi.

I-questionnaire, njenge-COPD Assessment Tool (CAT), ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi izimpawu zakho ze-COPD ziyithinta kanjani impilo yakho.

Indlela elula yokucabanga ngezigaba imi kanje. Kukhona nokuhlukahluka ngaphakathi kohlelo lokugreda:

• Iqembu 1 A. I-COPD emnene ene-FEV1 cishe engamaphesenti angama-80 ejwayelekile. Zimbalwa izimpawu zokuphila kwansuku zonke kanye nokuqubuka okumbalwa.
• Iqembu 2 B. I-COPD emaphakathi ne-FEV1 ephakathi kwamaphesenti angama-50 no-80 ejwayelekile.
• Iqembu 3 C. I-COPD enamandla ene-FEV1 ephakathi kwamaphesenti angama-30 no-50 evamile.
• Iqembu 4 D. I-COPD ebucayi kakhulu ene-FEV1 engaphansi kwesigaba 3 noma ene-FEV1 efanayo ne-Stage 3, kepha ngamazinga we-oxygen ephansi egazi, nawo. Izimpawu nezinkinga ze-COPD zithinta kakhulu izinga lempilo.

Uhlelo lokuhlela lwenzelwe ukuqondisa odokotela ukuthi bangazelapha kanjani kangcono iziguli ngokususelwa ekusebenzeni kwamaphaphu kanye nasezimpawu zabo - hhayi okukodwa noma okunye.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-X-ray yesifuba iyodwa ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD, kepha inganikeza imininingwane ewusizo ngamaphaphu akho nenhliziyo yakho.

Isifundo sokusebenza kwamaphaphu siyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuthembekile, kanye nokuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwezimpawu zakho kanye nomthelela izimpawu zakho ezinayo empilweni yakho.

Kokubili i-X-ray yesifuba kanye ne-CT scan kubandakanya imisebe ethile, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba namanye ama-X-ray noma ama-CT scan muva nje.

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthola i-X-ray noma i-CT scan, noma nganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa noma ukwelashwa okuhlobene ne-COPD, unganqikazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.