Into yangaphandle - igwinyiwe

Uma ugwinya okuthile kwangaphandle, kungabambeka ngapheshana lamathumbu (GI) kusuka esophagus (ukugwinya ithubhu) kuya kukholoni (amathumbu amakhulu). Lokhu kungaholela ekuvinjelweni noma ekudabukeni kwepheshana le-GI.

Izingane ezineminyaka eyisithupha kuya kwengu-3 yiminyaka yobudala engakwazi ukugwinya into yangaphandle.

Lezi zinto zingafaka izinhlamvu zemali, izimabuli, izikhonkwane, izisuli zepensela, izinkinobho, ubuhlalu, noma ezinye izinto ezincane noma ukudla.

Abantu abadala futhi bangagwinya izinto zangaphandle ngenxa yokudakwa, ukugula kwengqondo, noma ukuwohloka komqondo. Abantu abadala asebekhulile abanezinkinga zokugwinya bangagwinya ngephutha amazinyo abo okufakelwa. Izisebenzi zokwakha zivame ukugwinya izipikili noma izikrini, futhi abathungi nabathungi bezingubo bavame ukugwinya izikhonkwane noma izinkinobho.

Izingane ezincane zithanda ukuhlola izinto ngemilomo yazo futhi zingagwinya into ngenhloso noma ngengozi. Uma into idlula ngepayipi lokudla nasesiswini ngaphandle kokubambeka, kungenzeka idlule kulo lonke ipheshana le-GI. Izinto ezicijile, ezikhonjiwe noma eziyingozi ezifana namabhethri zingadala izinkinga ezinkulu.

Izinto zivame ukudlula ngepheshana le-GI kungakapheli isonto. Ezimweni eziningi, into idlula ngaphandle kokulimaza umuntu.

Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuchofoza
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ukuqhuma
• Ukuphefumula okunomsindo
• Akunankinga yokuphefumula noma yokuphefumula (ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula)
• Ubuhlungu besifuba, umphimbo, noma intamo
• Ukuguqula okwesibhakabhaka, okubomvu, noma okumhlophe ebusweni
• Kunzima ukugwinya amathe

Kwesinye isikhathi, kuba nezimpawu ezincane kuphela ekuqaleni. Into ingakhohlwa kuze kube yilapho kuvela izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka.

Noma iyiphi ingane okukholakala ukuthi igwinye into yangaphandle kufanele ibhekelwe:

• Ukuphefumula okungavamile
• Ukumunca amathe
• Imfiva
• Ukuthukuthela, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni
• Ubumnene bendawo
• Ubuhlungu (umlomo, umphimbo, isifuba, noma isisu)
• Ukuhlanza

Izindle (ukuhamba kwamathumbu) kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi into idlulile yini emzimbeni. Lokhu kuzothatha izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi kwesinye isikhathi kungadala ukopha okuyi-rectal noma kwendunu.

Inqubo ebizwa nge-endoscopy ingadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingane igwinye into nokuthi isuswe yini. I-Endoscopy izokwenziwa uma into yinde noma icijile, noma ingumazibuthe noma ibhethri lediski. Kuzokwenziwa futhi uma ingane idonsa amathe, kunzima ukuphefumula, umkhuhlane, ukuhlanza noma ubuhlungu. Ama-X-ray nawo angenziwa.

Ezimweni ezinzima, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe into.

Ungaziphoqi izinsana zokondla ezikhalayo noma eziphefumula ngokushesha. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi umntwana ahogele uketshezi noma ukudla okuqinile ezindleleni zakhe zomoya.

Shayela umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo (efana ne-911) uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane igwinye into yangaphandle.

Izindlela zokuzivikela zifaka:

• Sika ukudla kube izingcezu ezincane zezingane ezincane. Bafundise indlela yokuhlafuna kahle.
• Khubaza ukukhuluma, ukuhleka, noma ukudlala ngenkathi ukudla kusemlonyeni.
• Unganiki ukudla okungaba yingozi njengezinja ezishisayo, amagilebhisi aphelele, amantongomane, i-popcorn, ukudla okunamathambo, noma uswidi onzima ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu.
• Gcina izinto ezincane lapho izingane ezincane zingakwazi ukufinyelela kuzo.
• Fundisa izingane ukugwema ukubeka izinto zangaphandle emakhaleni abo nakwezinye izivivinyo zomzimba.

Ukungeniswa komzimba wangaphandle

IKliegman RM, iSt. Geme JW, iBlum NJ, i-Shah SS, iTasker RC, iWilson KM. Izindikimba zakwamanye amazwe nezinsizwa. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 360.

I-Pfau PR, i-Benson M. Izindikimba zangaphandle, ama-bezoars, kanye nokungenisa okubangela. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. Sleisenger kanye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 28.

Schoem SR, Rosbe KW, Lee ER. Izindikimba zasemoyeni zokungenisa umoya nokungenisa okuyimbangela. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 211.

UThomas SH, uGoodloe JM. Imizimba yangaphandle. Ezindongeni RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 53.