Isigaxa emaphashini: kusho ukuthini nokuthi kungaba yini umdlavuza

-Delile

• Wazi kanjani ukuthi isigaxa ngumdlavuza
• Izimpawu ze-nodule ebulalayo
• Yini engadala isigaxa
• Yelashwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kweqhuqhuva emaphashini akufani nomdlavuza, ngoba, ezimweni eziningi, amaqhuqhuva ayingozi futhi, ngakho-ke, awabeki impilo engcupheni, ikakhulukazi uma emincane kuno-30 mm.

Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukutholakala kwe-nodule kungaba uphawu lokuqala lomdlavuza emaphashini noma kwenye indawo emzimbeni, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugcina ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngezivivinyo zokucabanga ukuhlola ukukhula nezinguquko ngendlela, ukuqala ukwelashwa uma kunesidingo.

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uvela kuphela ku-5% wamacala we-nodule futhi uvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, abantu abanomlando womndeni womdlavuza noma ababhemayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu osemusha, ongabhemi futhi onesigaxana esincane unengozi engacishe ibe khona yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngoba nasebekhulile, abanamaqhuqhuva amakhulu nababhemayo, amathuba okuba nomdlavuza ovela esinqeni aphansi kakhulu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi isigaxa ngumdlavuza

Ukuthola ukuthi ngabe isigaxa siyingozi yini, udokotela wamaphaphu uvame uku-oda ezinye izivivinyo zokucabanga, njenge-CT scan noma i-pet-scan, futhi, cishe ezinyangeni ezi-4 kamuva, uyaziphinda lezi zivivinyo ukuhlola ukuthi isigaxa leso sikhule noma sishintshile isimo nokubukeka.

Imvamisa, amaqhuqhuva anobungozi ahlala esayizi efanayo futhi ashintsha kancane, kuyilapho amaqhuqhuva omdlavuza enyuka ngosayizi acishe aphindwe kabili futhi aguqula kakhulu ukwakheka kwawo, akhombisa isisindo esingajwayelekile esikhundleni sobukhulu obuyindilinga, okuyisici se-nodul pulmonary nodule.

Izimpawu ze-nodule ebulalayo

Amaqhuqhuva emaphashini awavamile ukubangela noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo, zombili uma zimbi futhi uma zinobungozi futhi, ngakho-ke, kujwayelekile ukuthi zitholwe ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, njenge-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye zezimpawu ezingaxwayisa ubukhona bezinguquko emaphashini, njengamaqhuqhuva, futhi okufanele zihlolwe ngudokotela wesifo samaphaphu, zifaka ubunzima ekuphefumuleni, ukukhathala okulula, ubuhlungu besifuba nokuzwa ukuphefumula okuncane.

Yini engadala isigaxa

Izimbangela zamaqhuqhuva emaphashini ziyahlukahluka ngohlobo lwazo:

• UBenign nodule: imvamisa kungumphumela wezibazi ezisemaphashini ezidalwa ukungenwa yizifo okwedlule, njenge-pneumonia, noma ngenxa yesifo sofuba, isibonelo;
• I-nodule ebulalayo: inezimbangela ezifanayo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ngakho-ke, ivame kakhulu kubantu ababhemayo nakubantu abavame ukuvezwa amakhemikhali ayingozi, njenge-arsenic, asbestos noma i-beryllium, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nodule ebulalayo nayo ingabangelwa umdlavuza kwenye ingxenye yomzimba, njengesisu noma amathumbu, nokunye ukuhlolwa, okufana ne-colonoscopy noma i-endoscopy, kungadingeka uma kunokusola komdlavuza kulezi zitho.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kuyehluka kuye ngohlobo, futhi esimweni se-benule nodule, imvamisa, alukho uhlobo lokwelashwa olunconywayo, okwenza ukuhlolwa okuhlala njalo nge-X-ray ngonyaka, noma njalo eminyakeni emibili, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-nodule iyenzeka ayikhulisi ngosayizi, futhi ayiguquli izici zayo.

Uma kwenzeka i-nodule ingaba yimbi, udokotela wamaphaphu uvame ukweluleka ukusebenza kokuhlinzwa okuncane ukususa ucezu lwe-nodule nokuluhlaziya elabhorethri, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba khona kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Uma umphumela uba muhle, imvamisa kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe okunye ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Uma i-nodule incane, ingasuswa kuphela, kepha uma inkulu, kungadingeka ukususa ingxenye yamaphaphu. Bheka zonke izinketho zokwelashwa zamacala omdlavuza wamaphaphu.