Isigaxa samaphaphu esizimele sodwa

I-nodule yamaphaphu eyedwa iyindawo eyindilinga noma eyisiyingi (lesion) emaphashini ebonakala nge-x-ray yesifuba noma nge-CT scan.

Ngaphezu kwesigamu sawo wonke amaqhuqhuva we-pulmonary ahlala wedwa awanomdlavuza (benign). Amaqhubu weBenign anezimbangela eziningi, kufaka phakathi izibazi kanye nezifo ezedlule.

Ama-granulomas athathelanayo (akhiwa ngamangqamuzana njengokusabela kokutheleleka okwedlule) abangela izilonda eziningi ezinobungozi. Ukutheleleka okuvamile okuvame ukuholela kuma-granulomas noma ezinye izibazi eziphulukisiwe kufaka:

• Isifo sofuba (TB) noma ukuvezwa yi-TB
• Isikhunta, njenge-aspergillosis, i-coccidioidomycosis, i-cryptococcosis, noma i-histoplasmosis

Umdlavuza oyinhloko wamaphaphu uyimbangela evame kakhulu yamaqhuqhuva wemiphunga anomdlavuza (amabi). Lo ngumdlavuza oqala emaphashini.

Isigaxa samaphaphu esizimele sodwa akuvamile ukuthi sidale izimpawu.

I-nodule ye-pulmonary nodule yodwa ivame ukutholakala ku-x-ray yesifuba noma esifubeni se-CT scan. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-imaging kuvame ukwenziwa kwezinye izimpawu noma izizathu.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele anqume ukuthi ngabe i-nodule ephashini lakho kungenzeka yini ibe yinhle noma iyakhathaza. I-nodule more kungenzeka ibe yingozi uma:

• I-nodule incane, inomngcele obushelelezi, futhi inokubukeka okuqinile nokulinganayo ku-x-ray noma ku-CT scan.
• Usemncane futhi awubhemi.

Umhlinzeki wakho angakhetha ukuqapha i-nodule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokuphinda uchungechunge lwama-x-ray noma ama-CT scan.

• Ukuphinda ama-x-ray esifubeni noma iskena se-CT esifubeni kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuqapha i-nodule. Kwesinye isikhathi, kungenziwa ukuskena kwamaphaphu kwe-PET.
• Uma ama-x-ray aphindaphindiwe ekhombisa ukuthi usayizi we-nodule awukashintshi eminyakeni emi-2, kungenzeka ukuthi ulunge futhi i-biopsy ayidingeki.

Umhlinzeki wakho angakhetha ukukhetha i-biopsy the nodule ukukhipha umdlavuza uma:

• Uyabhema.
• Unezinye izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
• I-nodule ikhule ngosayizi noma isishintshile uma iqhathaniswa nezithombe zangaphambili.

I-needle biopsy ingenziwa ngokubeka inaliti ngqo odongeni lwesifuba sakho, noma ngesikhathi senqubo ebizwa nge-bronchoscopy noma i-mediastinoscopy.

Ukuhlolwa kokukhipha i-TB nezinye izifo kungenziwa.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho ngobungozi bokuba ne-biopsy kuqhathaniswa nokuqapha ubukhulu be-nodule ngama-x-ray avamile noma ama-CT scan. Ukwelashwa kungahle kusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-biopsy noma olunye uvivinyo.

Umbono uvame ukuba muhle uma i-nodule ilungile. Uma i-nodule ingakhuli ibe nkulu esikhathini seminyaka emi-2, imvamisa akukho okunye okudinga ukwenziwa.

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu - i-nodule eyedwa; I-granuloma ethathelwanayo - i-nodule yamaphaphu; I-SPN

• I-Adenocarcinoma - i-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Pululemon nodule - ukubukwa kwangaphambili kwesifuba x-ray
• Isigaxa sepulmonary, sisodwa - i-CT scan
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

UBueno J, uLanderas L, uChung JH. Kubuyekezwe imihlahlandlela yeFleischner Society yokuphatha amaqhuqhuva e-pulmonary ahlobene: imibuzo ejwayelekile nezimo eziyinselele. Ama-Radiographics. I-2018; 38 (5): 1337-1350. I-PMID: 30207935 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30207935.

IGotway MB, iPanse PM, iGruden JF, i-Elicker BM. I-radiology ye-Thoracic: isithombe sokuhlola esingahlaseli. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 18.

Umhlanga JC. Isigaxa samaphaphu esizimele sodwa. Ku: Reed JC, ed. I-Radiology yesifuba: Amaphethini nokutholwa okwehlukile. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 20.