Ukuqhutshwa kwemizwa

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke

Ukubuka konke

Isistimu yezinzwa yakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili. Ingxenye ngayinye inezinkulungwane zezigidi zezinzwa. Ingxenye yokuqala yisistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi. Iqukethe ubuchopho nomgogodla, okuyisakhiwo esinemicu, esifana nentambo esidlula kukholamu lomgogodla phansi maphakathi nomhlane.

Enye ingxenye uhlelo lwezinzwa lomngcele. Inezinkulungwane zezinzwa ezixhumanisa umgogodla nezicubu nezamukeli zezinzwa. Isistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo ibhekene nezimo, ezisiza umzimba ukuthi ugweme ukulimala okungathi sína. Kuphinde kube nesibopho sokulwa noma impendulo yendiza esiza ukukuvikela lapho uzizwa unengcindezi noma ubungozi.

Ake sihlole i-neuron ngayinye eduze.

Nansi imizwa yezinzwa. Isigaxa ngasinye sezinzwa, noma ama-fascicles, sinamakhulu ezinzwa ezithile.

Nayi i-neuron ngayinye, enama-dendrites, i-axon, nomzimba weseli. Ama-dendrites ayizakhiwo ezifana nezihlahla. Umsebenzi wabo ukuthola amasiginali avela kwamanye ama-neurons nasemangqamuzaneni akhethekile wezinzwa asitshela ngezindawo ezisizungezile.

Umzimba weseli uyikomkhulu le-neuron. Iqukethe i-DNA yeseli. I-axon idlulisa amasiginali kude nomzimba weseli iye kwamanye ama-neurons. Ama-neurons amaningi afakwa ngocingo njengezicucu zikagesi. Ukufakwa kuyabavikela futhi kuvumela amasiginali wabo ukuthi ahambe ngokushesha eduze ne-axon. Ngaphandle kwayo, izimpawu ezivela ebuchosheni kungenzeka zingafinyeleli emaqenjini emisipha ezithweni.

Ama-motor neurons abhekele ukulawula ngokuzithandela kwemisipha emzimbeni wonke. Ukusebenza kwesistimu yezinzwa kuncike ekutheni ama-neuron axhumana kanjani kahle. Ukuze isignali kagesi ihambe phakathi kwama-neurons amabili, kufanele iguqulwe kuqala ibe yisiginali yamakhemikhali. Bese yeqa isikhala cishe esesisigidi samasentimitha ububanzi. Isikhala sibizwa nge-synapse. Isiginali yamakhemikhali ibizwa nge-neurotransmitter.

Ama-Neurotransmitters avumela izigidigidi zama-neurons ohlelweni lwezinzwa ukuthi zixhumane. Yilokho okwenza isimiso sezinzwa sibe yingcweti yokukhulumisana yomzimba.

• Izifo Zemizwa Ezivuthayo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Neuromuscular
• Ukuphazamiseka Kwemizwa Yezinzwa