I-membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

I-Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ukuphazamiseka kwezinso okubandakanya ukuvuvukala nezinguquko kumaseli ezinso. Kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.

I-Glomerulonephritis ukuvuvukala kwe-glomeruli. I-glomeruli yezinso isiza ukuhlunga imfucumfucu noketshezi oluvela egazini ukwakha umchamo.

I-Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) uhlobo lwe-glomerulonephritis olubangelwa ukuphendula okungavamile komzimba. Imali edonsa amasosha omzimba yakha engxenyeni yezinso ebizwa nge-glomerular basement membrane. Lolu ulwelwesi lusiza ukuhlunga imfucuza noketshezi olwengeziwe oluvela egazini.

Ukulimala kwalolu ulwelwesi kuthinta amandla ezinso okwenza umchamo ngokujwayelekile. Kungavumela igazi namaprotheni ukuthi kuvuze emchameni. Uma amaprotheni anele evuza umchamo, uketshezi lungaphuma emithanjeni yegazi lube izicubu zomzimba, okuholele ekuvuvukeni (i-edema). Imikhiqizo kadoti we-nitrogen nayo ingakha egazini (i-azotemia).

Izinhlobo ezi-2 zalesi sifo yi-MPGN I ne-MPGN II.

Abantu abaningi abanalesi sifo bane-type I. I-MPGN II ayijwayelekile kakhulu. Kubuye kube kubi ngokushesha kune-MPGN I.

Izimbangela ze-MPGN zingafaka:

• Izifo ezizimele (systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, Sjögren syndrome, sarcoidosis)
• Umdlavuza (i-leukemia, lymphoma)
• Izifo (i-hepatitis B, i-hepatitis C, i-endocarditis, i-malaria)

Izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Igazi emchameni
• Izinguquko esimweni sengqondo njengokuncipha kokuqwashisa noma ukwehla kokuhlushwa
• Umchamo onamafu
• Umchamo omnyama (intuthu, i-cola, noma itiye elinemibala)
• Nciphisa ivolumu yomchamo
• Ukuvuvukala kwanoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokuhlola abuze ngezimpawu zakho. Umhlinzeki angathola ukuthi unezimpawu zoketshezi oluningi emzimbeni, njenge:

• Ukuvuvukala, kaningi emilenzeni
• Imisindo engajwayelekile lapho ulalele inhliziyo yakho namaphaphu nge-stethoscope
• Ungaba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-BUN ne-creatinine yokuhlolwa kwegazi
• Amazinga okugcwalisa igazi
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Amaprotheni omchamo
• I-biopsy yezinso (ukuqinisekisa i-membranoproliferative GN I noma i-II)

Ukwelashwa kuya ngezimpawu. Izinhloso zokwelashwa ukunciphisa izimpawu, ukuvimbela izinkinga, nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Ungadinga ushintsho ekudleni. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukukhawulela i-sodium, uketshezi, noma iprotheni ukusiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokwanda kwemikhiqizo kadoti egazini.

Imithi engabhalwa ifaka phakathi:

• Imithi yengcindezi yegazi
• I-Dipyridamole, ene-aspirin noma ingenayo
• Izidakamizwa
• Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba, njenge-cyclophosphamide
• Ukuphuza ama-steroid

Ukwelashwa kusebenza kakhulu ezinganeni kunakubantu abadala. I-Dialysis noma ukufakelwa izinso kungadingeka ekugcineni ukuphatha ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Lesi sifo ngokuvamile siba sibi kakhulu futhi ekugcineni siholela ekuhlulekeni okungapheli kwezinso.

Ingxenye yabantu abakulesi simo iba nezinkinga zezinso zesikhathi eside (ezingalapheki) kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kulabo abanamazinga aphezulu wamaprotheni emchameni wabo.

Izinkinga ezingavela kulesi sifo zifaka:

• I-acute nephritic syndrome
• Ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso
• Isifo sezinso esingalapheki

Shayela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu zalesi simo
• Izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu noma zingapheli
• Uba nezimpawu ezintsha, kufaka phakathi ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo

Ukuvimbela izifo ezifana ne-hepatitis noma ukuphatha izifo ezifana ne-lupus kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-MPGN.

I-Membranoproliferative GN I; I-Membranoproliferative GN II; I-Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis; I -embranoproliferative glomerulonephritis; I-Lobular GN; I-Glomerulonephritis - i-membranoproliferative; Uhlobo lwe-MPGN I; Uhlobo lwe-MPGN II

• Ukwakheka kwezinso

URoberts ISD. Izifo zezinso. Ku: Cross SS, ed. I-Underwood's Pathology: Indlela Yomtholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 21.

USaha MK, iPendergraft WF, uJennette JC, uFalk RJ. Isifo esiyisisekelo se-glomerular. Ku: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, ama-eds. IBrenner neRector's The Kidney. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 31.

USethi S, uDe Vriese AS, uFervenza FC. I-Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ne-cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, abahleli. I-Nephrology Yomtholampilo Ephelele. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 21.