I-Histoplasmosis - i-acute (eyinhloko) yamaphaphu

I-acute pulmonary histoplasmosis yisifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa ukuhogela izinhlamvu zesikhunta I-Histoplasma capsulatum.

I-Histoplasma capsulatumigama lefungus elibangela i-histoplasmosis. Itholakala enkabeni nasempumalanga ye-United States, empumalanga yeCanada, eMexico, eMelika Ephakathi, eNingizimu Melika, e-Afrika naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Kuvame ukutholakala emhlabathini ezigodini zemifula. Ingena enhlabathini ikakhulu isuka ezinyonini nakululwane.

Ungagula uma uphefumulela izinhlamvu ezikhiqizwa yikhunta. Minyaka yonke, izinkulungwane zabantu abanamasosha omzimba ajwayelekile emhlabeni wonke bayatheleleka, kepha iningi labo aliguli kakhulu. Iningi alinazo izimpawu noma linezifo ezinjengomkhuhlane kuphela futhi lilulama ngaphandle kokwelapha.

I-acute pulmonary histoplasmosis ingenzeka njengomqedazwe, nabantu abaningi esifundeni esisodwa bagule ngasikhathi sinye. Abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka (bheka isigaba seZimpawu ngezansi) kungenzeka ukuthi:

• Thuthukisa lesi sifo uma uvezwe ezinhlungwini zesikhunta
• Ingabe lesi sifo sibuya
• Yiba nezimpawu eziningi, nezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu, kunabanye abathola lesi sifo

Izici ezinobungozi zibandakanya ukuya noma ukuhlala enkabeni noma empumalanga ye-United States eduze kwezigodi zemifula i-Ohio ne-Mississippi, nokuvezwa kobulongwe bezinyoni namalulwane. Lolu songo lukhulu kakhulu ngemuva kokuba ibhilidi elidala lidiliziwe futhi izinhlamvu zingena emoyeni, noma lapho zihlola imihume.

Iningi labantu abane-acute puloplary histoplasmosis abanazo izimpawu noma izimpawu ezimnene kuphela. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Amakhaza
• Khwehlela
• Imfiva
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene nokuqina
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina
• I-Rash (ngokuvamile izilonda ezincane emilenzeni engezansi)
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

I-acute pulmonary histoplasmosis ingaba yisifo esibi kakhulu kubantu abancane kakhulu, asebekhulile, nakubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, kubandakanya nalabo:

• Yiba ne-HIV / AIDS
• Ngike ngaba nomnkantsha noma ukufakelwa izitho zomzimba okuqinile
• Thatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba

Izimpawu kulaba bantu zingafaka:

• Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze inhliziyo (okubizwa nge-pericarditis)
• Izifo ezinkulu zamaphaphu
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene obukhulu

Ukuthola i-histoplasmosis, kufanele ube ne-fungus noma izimpawu ze-fungus emzimbeni wakho. Noma amasosha akho omzimba kumele akhombise ukuthi asabela ku-fungus.

Izivivinyo zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kwe-histoplasmosis
• I-biopsy yesayithi lokutheleleka
• I-bronchoscopy (imvamisa yenziwa kuphela uma izimpawu zinzima noma unesistimu yomzimba engajwayelekile)
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC) ngokuhluka
• Isikena se-CT esifubeni
• I-x-ray yesifuba (ingakhombisa ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu noma i-pneumonia)
• Isiko lesikhohlela (lokhu kuhlolwa kaningi akubonisi ukhunta, noma ngabe unegciwane)
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo we I-Histoplasma capsulatum i-antigen

Izimo eziningi ze-histoplasmosis ziyavela ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuthile. Abantu bayelulekwa ukuba baphumule futhi baphuze nemithi yokulawula imfiva.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakunikeza umuthi uma ugula isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amane, unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, noma unezinkinga zokuphefumula.

Lapho isifo se-histoplasmosis lung sinzima noma siba sibi kakhulu, ukugula kungahlala izinyanga eziningi. Noma kunjalo, kuyaqabukela kubulale.

Ukugula kungaba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kube yisifo samaphaphu sesikhathi eside (esingapheli) (esingapheli).

I-Histoplasmosis ingasakazekela kwezinye izitho ngegazi (ukusabalalisa). Lokhu kuvame ukubonwa ezinganeni, ezinganeni ezincane, nakubantu abanamasosha omzimba acindezelwe.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu ze-histoplasmosis, ikakhulukazi uma unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka noma usanda kuvezwa opopayi bezinyoni noma belulwane
• Ulashelwa i-histoplasmosis futhi uthuthukise izimpawu ezintsha

Gwema ukuthintana nobulongwe bezinyoni noma bamalulwane uma usendaweni lapho uvame kakhulu khona umqubuko, ikakhulukazi uma unamasosha omzimba antekenteke.

• I-histoplasmosis enamandla
• Isikhunta

I-Deepe GS. I-Histoplasma capsulatum (i-histoplasmosis). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 263.

IKauffman CA, iGalgiani JN, iThompson GR. Ama-mycoses endemic. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 316.