Indlala yamapayipi

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke

Ukubuka konke

Indlala ye-pituitary ilele ngaphakathi ekhanda. Imvamisa ibizwa ngokuthi "yi-master gland" ngoba ilawula izinto eziningi ezenziwa ezinye izindlala.

Ngenhla nje kwepituitary kunehypothalamus. Ithumela izimpawu ze-hormonal noma zikagesi ku-pituitary. Lokhu kunquma ukuthi imaphi ama-hormone akhishwa yi-pituitary.

Isibonelo, i-hypothalamus ingathumela i-hormone ebizwa nge-GHRH, noma i-hormone yokukhula ekhipha i-hormone. Lokho kungadala ukukhishwa kwe-pituitary kwe-hormone yokukhula, ethinta ubukhulu bezicubu namathambo.

Kubaluleke kangakanani lokhu? Ukungatholi okwanele ngesikhathi sobuntwana kungadala ukufiphala kwepituitary. Ukuthola okuningi kungadala isimo esiphambene esibizwa nge-gigantism. Emzimbeni osuvele uvuthiwe, ukukhula kakhulu kwe-hormone kungadala i-acromegaly. Ngalesi simo, izici zobuso ziba lukhuni futhi ziyinkambo; izwi liya ngokujula; futhi isandla, unyawo, nogebhezi luyanda.

Umyalo ohlukile we-hormonal ovela ku-hypothalamus ungadala ukukhishwa kwehomoni ekhuthaza i-thyroid noma i-TSH.I-TSH ibangela ukuthi indlala yegilo ikhiphe ama-hormone amabili abizwa nge-T3 ne-T4 ashukumisa imetabolism kwamanye amaseli emzimbeni wonke.

I-pituitary nayo ingakhipha i-hormone ebizwa nge-antidiuretic hormone, noma i-ADH. Ikhiqizwa kwi-hypothalamus futhi igcinwe ku-pituitary. I-ADH ithinta ukukhiqizwa komchamo. Lapho sikhishwa, izinso zimunca uketshezi oluningi oludlula kuzo. Lokho kusho ukuthi kukhiqizwa umchamo omncane.

Utshwala buvimbela ukukhishwa kwe-ADH, ngakho ukuphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo kuholela ekukhiqizeni umchamo owengeziwe.

Indlala ye-pituitary ikhiqiza amanye ama-hormone alawula eminye imisebenzi nezinqubo zomzimba.

Isibonelo, i-follicle hormone evuselelayo, noma i-FSH, ne-luteinizing hormone, noma i-LH, ngamahomoni athinta amaqanda nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwabesifazane. Emadodeni, athinta ama-testes nokukhiqizwa kwesidoda.

Iprolactin yihomoni ethinta izicubu zamabele komama abahlengikazi.

I-ACTH noma i-adrenocorticotrophic hormone ibangela ukuthi izindlala ze-adrenal zikhiqize izinto ezibalulekile ezifana ne-steroids.

Ukukhula, ukuthomba, impandla, ngisho nemizwa efana nokulamba nokoma, ngezinye zezinqubo ezimbalwa ezithonywe uhlelo lwe-endocrine.

• Ukuphazamiseka Kwesimo Sengculazi
• Izimila ZePituitary