I-pneumonitis yamakhemikhali

I-Chemical pneumonitis ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu noma ubunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yokuhogela intuthu yamakhemikhali noma ukuphefumula nokuminyanisa amakhemikhali athile.

Amakhemikhali amaningi asetshenziswa ekhaya nasemsebenzini angadala i-pneumonitis.

Ezinye izinto ezivamile eziyingozi ezihogelwayo zifaka:

• Igesi le-chlorine (eliphefumulelwe kusuka ezintweni zokuhlanza njenge-chlorine bleach, ngesikhathi sezingozi zezimboni, noma eduze kwamachibi okubhukuda)
• Okusanhlamvu nothuli lomanyolo
• Intuthu enobuthi evela ezibulala-zinambuzane
• Intuthu (kusuka emlilweni wendlu nemililo yasendle)

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-pneumonitis:

• I-pneumonitis enamandla ivela ngokuzumayo ngemuva kokuphefumula kulokho.
• I-pneumonitis yesikhathi eside (esingapheli) yenzeka ngemuva kokuchayeka emazingeni aphansi ento isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala futhi kungaholela ekuqineni kwamaphaphu. Ngenxa yalokho, amaphaphu aqala ukulahlekelwa amandla awo okuletha umoya-mpilo emzimbeni. Uma ingalashwa, lesi simo singadala ukwehluleka kokuphefumula nokufa.

Ukulangazelela okungapheli kwe-asidi esiswini kanye nokuchayeka empini yamakhemikhali nakho kungaholela kwi-pneumonitis yamakhemikhali.

Izimpawu ezinzima zingafaka:

• Indlala yomoya (ukuzwa ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola umoya owanele)
• Ukuphefumula okuzwakala kumanzi noma ukugaya (imisindo yamaphaphu engajwayelekile)
• Khwehlela
• Kunzima ukuphefumula
• Ukuzwa okungavamile (mhlawumbe umuzwa ovuthayo) esifubeni

Izimpawu ezingamahlalakhona zingafaka:

• Ukukhwehlela (kungenzeka noma kungenzeki)
• Ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo (okuhlobene nokuphefumula okuncane)
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo (tachypnea)
• Ukuphefumula kanzima ngokuvivinya umzimba okuncane

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi amaphaphu athinteka kangakanani:

• Amagesi egazi (ukulinganisa ukuthi ingakanani i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide esegazini lakho)
• I-CT scan yesifuba
• Izifundo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu (ukuhlolwa ukukala ukuphefumula nokuthi amaphaphu asebenza kahle kanjani)
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Izifundo ezigwinyayo ukubheka ukuthi ngabe i-acid esiswini iyimbangela ye-pneumonitis

Ukwelashwa kugxile ekubuyiseleni emuva imbangela yokuvuvukala nokunciphisa izimpawu. Ama-Corticosteroids anganikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, imvamisa ngaphambi kokuvela kwesibazi sesikhathi eside.

Ama-antibiotic ngokuvamile awasizi noma awadingeki, ngaphandle kwalapho kukhona ukutheleleka kwesibili. Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen kungasiza.

Ezimweni zokugwinya nezinkinga zesisu, ukudla ukudla okuncane endaweni emile kungasiza. Ezimweni ezinzima, ithubhu yokudla esiswini iyadingeka, yize lokhu kungavimbeli ngokuphelele ukufiphala emaphashini.

Umphumela uncike kumakhemikhali, ukuqina kokuchayeka, nokuthi inkinga inzima noma ayilapheki.

Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula nokufa kungenzeka.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngemuva kokuhogela (noma mhlawumbe ukuhogela) noma iyiphi into.

Sebenzisa kuphela amakhemikhali asekhaya njengokuyalelwa, futhi njalo ezindaweni ezinomoya ongcono. Ungalokothi uhlanganise i-ammonia ne-bleach.

Landela imithetho yasemsebenzini yamamaski okuphefumula futhi ugqoke imaski efanele. Abantu abasebenza eduze komlilo kufanele banakekele ukukhawulela ukuvezwa kwabo ngentuthu noma amagesi.

Qaphela ngokunikeza uwoyela wamaminerali kunoma ngubani ongaminyanisa kuwo (izingane noma abantu abadala).

Hlala lapho usadla futhi ungalala phansi masinyane ngemuva kokudla uma unezinkinga zokugwinya.

Ungafaki igesi, uphalafini, noma amanye amakhemikhali ketshezi anobuthi.

I-pneumonia yokuphefumula - amakhemikhali

• Amaphaphu
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

IBlanc PD. Izimpendulo ezinzima ekudalweni okunobuthi. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 75.

UChristiani DC. Ukulimala komzimba namakhemikhali emaphashini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 88.

IGibbs AR, i-Attanoos RL. Izifo zamaphaphu ezibangelwa imvelo- kanye nobuthi. Ku: Zander DS, Farver CF, eds. I-Pulmonary Pathology. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 18.

UTarlo SM. Isifo samaphaphu emsebenzini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 87.