I-tamponade yenhliziyo

I-tamponade yenhliziyo ingcindezi enhliziyweni eyenzeka lapho igazi noma uketshezi lwakha esikhaleni esiphakathi kwemisipha yenhliziyo nesaka lokumboza elingaphandle lenhliziyo.

Kulesi simo, igazi noma uketshezi kuqoqa esikhwameni esizungeze inhliziyo. Lokhu kuvimbela ama-ventricles enhliziyo ukuthi angakhuli ngokugcwele. Ukucindezela ngokweqile okuvela oketshezi kuvimbela inhliziyo ekusebenzeni kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba awutholi igazi elanele.

I-tamponade yenhliziyo ingenzeka ngenxa ye:

• Ukuhlakaza i-aortic aneurysm (thoracic)
• Umdlavuza wokugcina wamaphaphu
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (acute MI)
• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo
• I-Pericarditis ebangelwa ukutheleleka kwamagciwane noma kwegciwane
• Amanxeba enhliziyweni

Ezinye izimbangela kungenzeka zifaka:

• Izimila zenhliziyo
• Indlala yegilo engasebenzi
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Umdlavuza wegazi
• Ukubekwa kolayini abaphakathi
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni
• Izinqubo zenhliziyo ezihlasela zakamuva
• Uhlelo lupus erythematosus
• Dermatomyositis
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo

I-tamponade yenhliziyo ngenxa yezifo ivela kubantu ababalelwa kwababili kwabangu-10,000.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukukhathazeka, ukungahlaliseki
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obucayi obuzwakala entanyeni, ehlombe, emuva, noma esiswini
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obuba bucayi ngokuphefumula okujulile noma ukukhwehlela
• Izinkinga ukuphefumula
• Ukungakhululeki, kwesinye isikhathi kukhululeka ngokuhlala uqonde noma uncike phambili
• Ukuquleka, ikhanda elikhanyayo
• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile, esimpunga, noma esasibhakabhaka
• Ukushaya kancane
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma isisu
• I-jaundice

Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zivele ngalesi sifo:

• Isiyezi
• Ukozela
• I-pulse ebuthakathaka noma engekho

I-Echocardiogram isivivinyo sokhetho ukusiza ukuxilongwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa eceleni kombhede ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kungakhombisa:

• Umfutho wegazi owela lapho uphefumula ngokujulile
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngaphezu kwe-100 (okujwayelekile ukushaya okungu-60 kuye kwayi-100 ngomzuzu)
• Imisindo yenhliziyo izwakala kancane nge-stethoscope
• Imithambo yezintamo engabhebhetheka (isuswe) kepha umfutho wegazi uphansi
• Izindilinga ezibuthakathaka noma ezingekho

Ezinye izivivinyo zingafaka:

• I-CT esifubeni noma i-MRI yesifuba
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Coronary angiography
• ECG
• I-catheterization yenhliziyo engakwesokudla

I-tamponade yenhliziyo yisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela.

Uketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo kufanele kukhishwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Inqubo esebenzisa inaliti ukususa uketshezi ezicutshini ezizungeze inhliziyo izokwenziwa.

Inqubo yokuhlinza ukusika nokususa ingxenye yesembozo senhliziyo (i-pericardium) nayo ingenziwa. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-pericardiectomy yokuhlinza noma iwindi le-pericardial.

Uketshezi lunikezwa ukugcina umfutho wegazi uvamile kuze kube yilapho uketshezi lungakhishwa luzungeze inhliziyo. Imithi enyusa umfutho wegazi nayo ingasiza ukugcina umuntu ephila kuze kuphume uketshezi.

I-oksijeni inganikezwa ukusiza ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni ngokunciphisa izidingo zezicubu zokuhamba kwegazi.

Imbangela ye-tamponade kumele itholakale futhi ilashwe.

Ukufa ngenxa ye-tamponade yenhliziyo kungenzeka ngokushesha uma uketshezi noma igazi lingasuswa ngokushesha kwi-pericardium.

Umphumela uvame ukuba muhle uma isimo silashwa ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, i-tamponade ingabuya.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-edema yamaphaphu
• Ukopha
• Ukushaqeka
• Ukufa

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele inombolo yendawo ephuthumayo (efana ne-911) uma izimpawu zivela. I-tamponade yenhliziyo yisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Amacala amaningi awakwazi ukuvinjelwa. Ukwazi izici zakho zobungozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthole ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

I-Tamponade; I-pericardial tamponade; I-Pericarditis - i-tamponade

• Inhliziyo - ukubuka kwangaphambili
• I-Pericardium
• I-tamponade yenhliziyo

Hoit BD, Oh JK. Izifo ze-Pericardial. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 68.

I-LeWinter MM, izifo ze-Imazio M. Pericardial. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 83.

IMallemat HA, iTewelde SZ. UPericardiocentesis. Ku: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, ama-eds. Izinqubo Zomtholampilo zikaRoberts noHedges ku-Emergency Medicine kanye ne-Acute Care. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 16.