Angina esitebeleni

I-angina eqinile yibuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki okuvame ukwenzeka ngomsebenzi noma ngokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.I-Angina ingenxa yokuhamba kwegazi okuncane ngemithambo yegazi esenhliziyweni.

Imisipha yenhliziyo yakho idinga ukunikezwa oksijini okuqhubekayo. Imithambo yegazi ihambisa igazi elinomoya-mpilo liye enhliziyweni.

Lapho imisipha yenhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima, idinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Izimpawu ze-angina zenzeka lapho ukunikezwa kwegazi emisipha yenhliziyo kuncishisiwe. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo incishisiwe noma ivinjwe yi-atherosclerosis noma yi-clot yegazi.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-angina yisifo semithambo yenhliziyo. I-Angina pectoris yigama lezokwelapha lolu hlobo lobuhlungu besifuba.

I-angina eqinile ayibi kakhulu kune-angina engazinzile, kepha ingaba buhlungu kakhulu noma ingakhululeki.

Kunezici eziningi eziyingozi zesifo semithambo yenhliziyo. Ezinye zifaka:

• Isifo sikashukela
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• I-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL
• I-cholesterol ephansi ye-HDL
• Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi
• Ukubhema
• Ukuguga
• Ubulili besilisa

Noma yini eyenza imisipha yenhliziyo idinge umoya-mpilo omningi noma inciphise inani le-oxygen eliyitholayo ingadala ukuhlaselwa i-angina kumuntu onesifo senhliziyo, kufaka phakathi:

• Isimo sezulu esibandayo
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo
• Ukudla okukhulu

Ezinye izimbangela ze-angina zifaka:

• Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile (inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu noma isigqi senhliziyo yakho asijwayelekile)
• Ukushoda kwegazi
• I-Coronary artery spasm (ebizwa nangokuthi i-Prinzmetal angina)
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Isifo se-valve senhliziyo
• I-Hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi ngokweqile)

Izimpawu ze-angina ezinzile zivame ukubikezelwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani elifanayo lokuzivocavoca noma umsebenzi kungadala ukuthi i-angina yakho yenzeke. I-angina yakho kufanele ithuthuke noma isuke lapho uyeka noma wehlise isivivinyo.

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ubuhlungu besifuba obenzeka ngemuva kwethambo lesifuba noma kancane ngakwesobunxele salo. Ubuhlungu be-angina ezinzile buvame ukuqala kancane futhi buba bubi kakhulu emizuzwini embalwa elandelayo ngaphambi kokuhamba.

Imvamisa, ubuhlungu besifuba buzwa njengokuqina, ingcindezi esindayo, ukukhama, noma umuzwa wokuchoboza. Ingasakazekela ku:

• Ingalo (imvamisa kwesobunxele)
• Emuva
• Umhlathi
• Intamo
• Amahlombe

Abanye abantu bathi ubuhlungu buzwa njengegesi noma ukugaya.

Izimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu ze-angina zingafaka:

• Ukukhathala
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ubuthakathaka
• Isiyezi noma ikhanda elikhanyayo
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nokujuluka
• Ukushaya kancane

Ubuhlungu obuvela ku-angina ozinzile:

• Imvamisa kuza nomsebenzi noma ukucindezeleka
• Ihlala isilinganiso semizuzu engu-1 kuye kwengu-15
• Ukhululeka ngokuphumula noma umuthi obizwa nge-nitroglycerin

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Angina kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi emini. Imvamisa, zenzeka phakathi kuka-6 ekuseni no-emini.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokuhlola futhi ahlole umfutho wegazi lakho. Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• I-Coronary angiography
• Iphrofayili ye-cholesterol yegazi
• ECG
• Ukuzivocavoca ukubekezelela ukuhlolwa (ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi noma ukuhlolwa kwe-treadmill)
• Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kwemithi yenukliya (thallium)
• Ukucindezela i-echocardiogram
• Ukuskena kwe-Heart CT

Ukwelashwa kwe-angina kungafaka:

• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
• Imithi
• Izinqubo ezifana ne-coronary angiography ngokubekwa kwe-stent
• Umthambo weCoronary udlula ukuhlinzwa

Uma une-angina, wena nomhlinzeki wakho nizokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa lansuku zonke. Lolu hlelo kufanele lubandakanye:

• Imithi oyithatha njalo ukuvikela i-angina
• Imisebenzi ongayenza nalabo okufanele uyigweme
• Imithi okufanele uyithathe uma unezinhlungu ze-angina
• Izimpawu ezisho ukuthi i-angina yakho iya ngokuya iba yimbi
• Kunini lapho kufanele ushayele udokotela noma uthole usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha

IMITHI

Ungadinga ukuthatha umuthi owodwa noma ngaphezulu ukwelapha umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela, noma amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Landela izinkomba zomhlinzeki wakho eduze ukusiza ukuvimbela i-angina yakho ekubeni yimbi.

Amaphilisi noma isifutho seNitroglycerin singasetshenziswa ukunqanda ubuhlungu besifuba.

Izidakamizwa zokulwa nama-clotting njenge-aspirin ne-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), i-ticagrelor (i-Brilinta) noma i-prasugrel (i-Effient) ingasiza ukuvimbela amahlule egazi ukuthi akhe emithanjeni yakho futhi yehlise nengozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi kufanele yini uphuze le mithi.

Ungadinga ukuthatha imithi eminingi ukusiza ukukuvimbela ekubeni ne-angina. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-ACE inhibitors ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi nokuvikela inhliziyo yakho
• Ama-beta blockers ukwehlisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, nokusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo yinhliziyo
• Ama-calcium channel blocker okuphumuza imithambo yegazi, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, nokunciphisa ubunzima enhliziyweni
• Ama-nitrate ukusiza ukuvimbela i-angina
• I-Ranolazine (Ranexa) yokwelapha i-angina engapheli

Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha noma iyiphi yalezi zidraki ngokwakho. Njalo khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho kuqala. Ukumisa le mithi kungazelelwe kungenza i-angina yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu noma kubangele isifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emithini elwa namahlwili (i-aspirin, i-clopidogrel, i-ticagrelor ne-prasugrel).

Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma uhlelo lokuvuselela inhliziyo ukusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwenhliziyo yakho.

UKWELASHWA KOKUQHUBEKA

Abanye abantu bazokwazi ukulawula i-angina ngemithi futhi abadingi ukuhlinzwa. Abanye bazodinga inqubo ebizwa nge-angioplasty nokubekwa kwe-stent (okubizwa nangokuthi ukungenelela kwe-coronary percutaneous) ukuvula imithambo evinjiwe noma encishisiwe ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.

Ukuvinjelwa okungenakulashwa nge-angioplasty kungadinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ukudlulisa ukugeleza kwegazi elizungeze imithambo yegazi encishisiwe noma evinjiwe.

I-angina esitebeleni ivame ukuba ngcono lapho uthatha imithi.

Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unezinhlungu ezintsha, ezingachazeki esifubeni noma ingcindezi. Uma uke waba ne-angina phambilini, shayela umhlinzeki wakho.

Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo uma ubuhlungu bakho be-angina:

• Akungcono imizuzu emihlanu ngemuva kokuthatha i-nitroglycerin
• Akusuki ngemuva kwemithamo emi-3 ye-nitroglycerin
• Kuya ngokuya kuba kubi
• Ibuyisa ngemuva kokuthi i-nitroglycerin isize ekuqaleni

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu ze-angina kaningi
• Une-angina uma uhleli (rest angina)
• Uzizwa ukhathele kaningi
• Uzizwa uphela amandla noma unekhanda elincane
• Inhliziyo yakho ishaya kancane (ishaya ngaphansi kwezingu-60 ngomzuzu) noma ishesha kakhulu (ukushaya okungaphezu kuka-120 ngomzuzu), noma ayizinzile (ejwayelekile)
• Unenkinga yokuphuza imithi yakho yenhliziyo
• Unezinye izimpawu ezingavamile

Thola usizo lwezokwelashwa ngokushesha uma umuntu one-angina elahlekelwa ukwazi (edlula emhlabeni).

Ingcuphe yinto ngawe ekhulisa amathuba akho okuthola isifo noma yokuba nesimo esithile sempilo.

Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zesifo senhliziyo awukwazi ukuziguqula, kepha ezinye ungaziguqula. Ukushintsha izinto ezinobungozi ongazilawula kuzokusiza ukuthi uphile impilo ende, enempilo.

U-Angina - uzinzile; U-Angina - ongapheli; I-Angina pectoris; Ubuhlungu besifuba - i-angina; I-CAD - i-angina; Isifo se-Coronary artery - angina; Isifo senhliziyo - angina

• I-Angina - ukukhishwa
• U-Angina - ukuthi ubuze ini kudokotela wakho
• I-Angina - lapho unezinhlungu esifubeni
• Isifo senhliziyo - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho

• Inhliziyo - ukubuka kwangaphambili
• Angina esitebeleni

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