Isifo somfutho wegazi ophakeme

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme we-renovascular umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngenxa yokuncipha kwemithambo ehambisa igazi liye ezinso. Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi i-renal artery stenosis.

I-renal artery stenosis ukuncipha noma ukuvimba kwemithambo ehambisa igazi ezinso.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-renal artery stenosis ukuvimba emithanjeni ngenxa ye-cholesterol ephezulu. Le nkinga yenzeka lapho into enamathelayo, enamafutha ebizwa ngokuthi i-plaque yakhela ngaphakathi kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwemithambo, kubangele isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis.

Lapho imithambo ehambisa igazi ezinsweni zakho iba mincane, igazi elincane ligelezela ezinso. Izinso zisabela ngephutha sengathi umfutho wegazi ophansi uphansi. Ngenxa yalokho, bakhipha ama-hormone atshela umzimba ukuthi ubambelele kasawoti namanzi amaningi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho ukhuphuke.

Izici eziyingozi ze-atherosclerosis:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ukubhema
• Isifo sikashukela
• I-cholesterol ephezulu
• Ukuphuza kakhulu utshwala
• Ukuhlukunyezwa kweCocaine
• Ukukhula kweminyaka

I-Fibromuscular dysplasia ingenye imbangela ye-renal artery stenosis. Kuvame ukubonakala kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-50. Kuvame ukugijima emindenini. Lesi simo sidalwa ukukhula okungajwayelekile kwamaseli ezindongeni zemithambo eholela ezinso. Lokhu kuholela nasekunciphiseni noma ekuvaleni kwale mithambo yegazi.

Abantu abane-hypertension evuselelekayo bangaba nomlando we-high blood pressure okunzima ukwehlisa ngemithi.

Izimpawu ze-hypertension yokulungiswa kabusha zifaka:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu usemncane
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme oba mubi ngokungazelelwe noma kube nzima ukuwulawula
• Izinso ezingasebenzi kahle (lokhu kungaqala ngokuzumayo)
• Ukuncipha kweminye imithambo emzimbeni, efana nasemilenzeni, ebuchosheni, emehlweni nakwezinye izindawo
• Ukwakheka okungazelelwe kuketshezi emasakeni emoyeni amaphaphu (i-pulmonary edema)

Uma unesimo esiyingozi somfutho wegazi ophakeme obizwa nge-hypertension eyingozi, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ukudideka
• Izinguquko embonweni
• Ukopha ngamakhala

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angase ezwe umsindo othi "whooshing", obizwa ngokuthi yi-bruit, lapho ebeka i-stethoscope ngaphezulu kwesisu sakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulandelayo kungenziwa:

• Amazinga e-cholesterol
• Amazinga kaRenin ne-aldosterone
• BUN - ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• I-Creatinine - ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Potassium - ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Imvume ye-Creatinine

Ukuhlolwa kokucabanga kungenziwa ukubona ukuthi imithambo yezinso inciphile yini. Kubandakanya:

• I-Angiotensin iguqula i-enzyme (ACE) yokuvimbela ukuqanjwa kabusha
• I-Doppler ultrasound yemithambo yezinso
• I-Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
• I-artery artery angiography

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu obangelwa ukuncipha kwemithambo eholela ezinso kuvame ukuba nzima ukuwulawula.

Kudingeka umuthi owodwa noma eminingi ukusiza ukulawula umfutho wegazi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezitholakalayo.

• Wonke umuntu uphendula umuthi ngendlela ehlukile. Umfutho wegazi lakho kufanele uhlolwe kaningi. Inani nohlobo lomuthi owuthathayo kungadinga ukuguqulwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi yikuphi ukufunda kwegazi okulungele wena.
• Thatha yonke imithi ngendlela umhlinzeki wakho ayinikeze ngayo.

Hlolisisa amazinga akho e-cholesterol, bese welashwa uma kudingeka. Umhlinzeki wakho uzokusiza ukunquma amazinga afanele we-cholesterol yakho ngokususelwa engcupheni yesifo senhliziyo yakho nezinye izimo zempilo.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zibalulekile:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo enhliziyweni.
• Vocavoca umzimba njalo, okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku (hlola udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala).
• Uma ubhema, yeka. Thola uhlelo oluzokusiza ukuthi ume.
• Nciphisa ukuthi uphuza kangakanani utshwala: 1 isiphuzo ngosuku kwabesifazane, 2 ngosuku kwabesilisa.
• Nciphisa inani le-sodium (usawoti) oyidlayo. Hlela okungaphansi kuka-1,500 mg ngosuku. Buza nodokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele udle i-potassium engakanani.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka. Zama ukugwema izinto ezikudalela ingcindezi. Ungazama nokuzindla noma i-yoga.
• Hlala esisindweni somzimba esinempilo. Thola uhlelo lokwehlisa isisindo ukukusiza, uma uludinga.

Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kuncike ekutheni yini ebangela ukuncipha kwemithambo yezinso. Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma inqubo ebizwa nge-angioplasty nge-stenting.

Lezi zinqubo zingaba inketho uma une:

• Ukuncipha okukhulu komthambo wezinso
• Umfutho wegazi ongalawulwa ngemithi
• Izinso ezingasebenzi kahle futhi ziya ngokuya ziba zimbi

Kodwa-ke, isinqumo sokuthi abantu kufanele babe nalezi zinqubo siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi sincike ezintweni eziningi ezibalwe ngenhla.

Uma umfutho wegazi lakho ungalawulwa kahle, usengozini yezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• I-aortic aneurysm
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Isifo sezinso esingalapheki
• Unhlangothi
• Izinkinga zombono
• Ukunikezwa kwegazi okuncane emilenzeni

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ucabanga ukuthi unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une-hypertension evuselelayo nezimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu noma zingathuthuki ngokwelashwa. Fonela futhi uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha.

Ukuvimbela i-atherosclerosis kungavimbela i-renal artery stenosis. Ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo kungasiza:

• Yehlisa isisindo uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile.
• Buza umhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokubhema kwakho nokusebenzisa kwakho utshwala.
• Lawula ushukela wegazi lakho uma unesifo sikashukela.
• Qiniseka ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho uqapha amazinga akho e-cholesterol egazini.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo enhliziyweni.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme we-renal; Umfutho wegazi ophakeme - renovascular; Ukuvalwa komthambo we-renal; Stenosis - umthambo wezinso; I-renal artery stenosis; Umfutho wegazi ophakeme - uvuseleleke kabusha

• Izinso ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Imithambo yegazi

USiu AL, uMbutho Wokuvikela Imisebenzi wase-US. Ukuhlolelwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu kubantu abadala: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (10): 778-786. I-PMID: 26458123 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26458123/.

Umbhalo SC. Ukuqina komfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nephropathy ye-ischemic. Ku: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, ama-eds. IBrenner neRector's The Kidney. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 47.

UVictor RG. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 70.

UVictor RG. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wesistimu: izindlela nokuxilongwa. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 46.

UVictor RG, Libby P.Ukuphakama komfutho wegazi ophezulu: ukuphathwa. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 47.