Isifo seCrohn

Isifo seCrohn yisifo lapho izingxenye zomgudu wokugaya zivuvuka.

• Imvamisa kuhilela ukuphela okuphansi kwethumbu elincane nokuqala kwamathumbu amakhulu.
• Kungenzeka futhi kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yohlelo lokugaya ukudla kusuka emlonyeni kuze kube sekupheleni kwe-rectum (anus).

Isifo seCrohn siyindlela yesifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD).

I-ulcerative colitis yisimo esihlobene.

Imbangela ngqo yesifo seCrohn ayaziwa. Kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela ngephutha futhi ecekela phansi izicubu zomzimba ezinempilo (autoimmune disorder).

Lapho izingxenye zomgudu wokugaya zihlala zivuvukile noma zivutha, izindonga zamathumbu ziyaqina.

Izici ezingadlala indima kwisifo seCrohn zifaka:

• Izakhi zakho zofuzo nomlando womndeni. (Abantu abamhlophe noma abadabuka e-Eastern Europe bamaJuda basengozini enkulu.)
• Izici zemvelo.
• Ukuthambekela komzimba wakho ukusabela ngokweqile kumagciwane ajwayelekile emathunjini.
• Ukubhema.

Isifo seCrohn singenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-15 nengama-35.

Izimpawu zincike engxenyeni yomgudu wokugaya ukudla obandakanyekayo. Izimpawu zisukela kokumnene ziye kokubi, futhi zingafika zidlule, ngezikhathi zokuqhuma.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo sikaCrohn yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu be-crampy esiswini (esiswini).
• Imfiva.
• Ukukhathala.
• Ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla nokuncipha.
• Uzwa ukuthi udinga ukuphasa indle, yize amathumbu akho engenalutho. Kungabandakanya ukuhlunga, ubuhlungu, nokucinana.
• Uhudo lwamanzi, olungaba negazi.

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukuqunjelwa
• Izilonda noma ukuvuvukala emehlweni
• Ukukhipha ubomvu, amafinyila, noma indle kusuka kuzungeze i-rectum noma i-anus (okubangelwa okuthile okubizwa nge-fistula)
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene nokuvuvukala
• Izilonda zomlomo
• Ukopha okufihlayo kanye nezihlalo ezinegazi
• Izinsini ezivuvukile
• Ithenda, izigaxa ezibomvu (amaqhuqhuva) ngaphansi kwesikhumba, okungaphenduka izilonda zesikhumba

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kungakhombisa isisindo noma isisa esiswini, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, amalunga okuvuvukala, noma izilonda zomlomo.

Ukuhlolwa kokuthola isifo seCrohn kufaka:

• I-Barium enema noma uchungechunge oluphezulu lwe-GI (emathunjini)
• Colonoscopy noma sigmoidoscopy
• I-CT scan yesisu
• I-capsule endoscopy
• I-MRI yesisu
• I-Enteroscopy
• UMnu enterography

Isiko lesitulo lingenziwa ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu.

Lesi sifo singashintsha nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okulandelayo:

• Izinga eliphansi le-albhamuin
• Isilinganiso esiphakeme sed
• I-CRP ephakeme
  
• Amafutha endle
• Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphansi (i-hemoglobin ne-hematocrit)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungajwayelekile kwesibindi
• Ukubalwa kwamaseli egazi amhlophe aphakeme
• Izinga eliphakeme le-fecal calprotectin esitokisini

Amathiphu okuphatha isifo seCrohn ekhaya:

UKUDLA NOKUDLA OKONDLEKILEYO

Kufanele udle ukudla okunomsoco, okunempilo. Faka ama-calories anele, amaprotheni, nezakhamzimba ezivela emaqenjini ahlukahlukene okudla.

Akukho kudla okuthile okukhonjisiwe okwenza izimpawu zeCrohn zibe ngcono noma zibi. Izinhlobo zezinkinga zokudla zingahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu.

Okunye ukudla kungenza uhudo negesi kube kubi kakhulu. Ukusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu, zama:

• Ukudla amanani amancane okudla usuku lonke.
• Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi (phuza amanani amancane njalo ngosuku).
• Ukugwema ukudla okune-fiber ephezulu (i-bran, ubhontshisi, amantongomane, imbewu, ne-popcorn).
• Ukugwema ukudla okunamafutha, okunamafutha noma okuthosiwe nososo (ibhotela, imajarini nokhilimu osindayo).
• Ukunciphisa imikhiqizo yobisi uma unezinkinga ukugaya amafutha obisi. Zama ushizi we-lactose ephansi, njengeSwitzerland ne-cheddar, nomkhiqizo we-enzyme, njengeLactaid, ukusiza ukudiliza i-lactose.
• Ukugwema ukudla owaziyo kubangela igesi, njengobhontshisi nemifino emndenini weklabishi, njenge-broccoli.
• Ukugwema ukudla okubabayo.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo mayelana namavithamini namaminerali engeziwe ongawadinga, njenge:

• Izithako ze-Iron (uma une-anemic).
• Izithako ze-calcium nevithamini D ukusiza ukugcina amathambo akho eqinile.
• Uvithamini B12 ukuvimbela i-anemia, ikakhulukazi uma ususwe ukuphela kwe-ileum encane.

Uma une-ileostomy, kuzodingeka ufunde:

• Izinguquko zokudla
• Ungasiguqula kanjani isikhwama sakho
• Ungasinakekela kanjani i-stoma sakho

UKUCINDEZELEKA

Ungazizwa ukhathazekile, unamahloni, noma udabukile futhi ucindezelekile ngokuba nesifo samathumbu. Ezinye izehlakalo ezicindezelayo empilweni yakho, njengokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi, noma ukulahlekelwa othandekayo kungadala izinkinga zokugaya ukudla.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho ngamathiphu wokuthi ungakuphatha kanjani ukucindezeleka kwakho.

IMITHI

Ungaphuza umuthi ukwelapha isifo sohudo esibi kakhulu. I-Loperamide (Imodium) ingathengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Hlala ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa le mithi.

Eminye imithi yokusiza ngezimpawu ihlanganisa:

• Izithasiselo ze-fiber, njenge-psyllium powder (Metamucil) noma i-methylcellulose (i-Citrucel). Buza umhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha le mikhiqizo noma ama-laxatives.
• I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) yezinhlungu ezingezinhle. Gwema izidakamizwa ezifana ne-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), noma naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) engenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Umhlinzeki wakho angahle anikeze nemithi yokusiza ukulawula isifo seCrohn:

• Ama-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs), imithi esiza ukulawula izimpawu ezimnene nezilinganiselayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zomuthi zithathwa ngomlomo, kanti ezinye kufanele zinikezwe ngokweqile.
• I-Corticosteroids, efana ne-prednisone, ilapha isifo esilinganayo nesinzima seCrohn. Zingathathwa ngomlomo noma zifakwe ku-rectum.
• Imithi ethulisa ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba.
• Imithi elwa namagciwane yokwelapha amathumba noma ama-fistula.
• Izidakamizwa zokuzivikela ezifana ne-Imuran, 6-MP, nezinye ukugwema ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside ama-corticosteroids.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Biologic kungasetshenziselwa izifo ezinzima zeCrohn ezingaphenduli kunoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zemithi.

UKUHLINZA

Abanye abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn bangadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yamathumbu eyonakele noma enesifo. Kwezinye izimo, wonke amathumbu amakhulu ayasuswa, i-rectum noma ngaphandle kwayo.

Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn esingaphenduli emithini bangadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze baphathe izinkinga ezinjengalezi:

• Ukopha
• Ukwehluleka ukukhula (ezinganeni)
• I-Fistula (ukuxhumana okungajwayelekile phakathi kwamathumbu nenye indawo yomzimba)
• Izifo
• Ukuncipha kwamathumbu

Ukuhlinzwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ileostomy
• Ukususwa kwengxenye yamathumbu amakhulu noma amathumbu amancane
• Ukususwa kwamathumbu amakhulu kuya kwi-rectum
• Ukususwa kwamathumbu amakhulu kanye nama-rectum amaningi

ICrohn's and Colitis Foundation of America inikeza amaqembu okusekela kulo lonke elaseMelika - www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org

Alikho ikhambi lesifo seCrohn. Isimo sibonakala ngezikhathi zokuthuthuka ezilandelwa ukuqhuma kwezimpawu. Isifo seCrohn asikwazi ukwelashwa, ngisho nokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo kunganikeza usizo olukhulu.

Unengozi enkulu yomdlavuza omncane wamathumbu namakholoni uma unesifo seCrohn. Umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa ukuhlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe umdlavuza wekoloni. I-colonoscopy ivame ukunconywa uma ngabe unesifo seCrohn esibandakanya ikholoni iminyaka engu-8 noma ngaphezulu.

Labo abanezifo ezinzima kakhulu zeCrohn bangaba nalezi zinkinga:

• Ithumba noma ukutheleleka emathunjini
• I-anemia, ukuntuleka kwamaseli abomvu egazi
• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu
• Ama-fistula esinyeni, esikhunjeni noma esithweni sangasese
• Ukukhula kancane nokukhula kocansi ezinganeni
• Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga
• Ukungabi nezakhi ezibalulekile, njengevithamini B12 ne-iron
• Izinkinga zokugcina isisindo esinempilo
• Ukuvuvukala kwamathambo e-bile (i-primary sclerosing cholangitis)
• Izilonda zesikhumba, njenge-pyoderma gangrenosum

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezinhlungu ezimbi kakhulu zesisu
• Ayikwazi ukulawula uhudo lwakho ngokushintsha kokudla nezidakamizwa
• Ulahlekelwe isisindo, noma ingane ayitholi isisindo
• Yiba negazi, umsele, noma izilonda
• Unomkhuhlane ohlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, noma umkhuhlane ophakeme ngaphezu kuka-100.4 ° F (38 ° C) ngaphandle kokugula
• Yiba nesicanucanu nokuhlanza okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku
• Yiba nezilonda zesikhumba ezingapholi
• Yiba nobuhlungu obuhlangene obuvimbela ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke
• Yiba nemiphumela engemihle emithini oyiphuzelayo ngesimo sakho

Isifo sikaCrohn; Izifo ezivuthayo zamathumbu - isifo seCrohn; I-enteritis yesifunda; Ileitis; Ileocolitis enobuthi; Isifo se-IBD - Crohn

• Ukudla kweBland
• Ukuqunjelwa - yini okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
• Isifo seCrohn - ukukhipha
• Uhudo - yini ongayibuza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo - umuntu omdala
• Ileostomy nengane yakho
• Ileostomy nokudla kwakho
• Ileostomy - ukunakekela i-stoma yakho
• Ileostomy - ukushintsha isikhwama sakho
• Ileostomy - ukukhishwa
• Ileostomy - yini ongayibuza udokotela wakho
• Ukukhishwa kwamathumbu amakhulu - ukukhishwa
• Ukuphila ne-ileostomy yakho
• Ukudla okuphansi kwe-fiber
• Ukukhishwa kwamathumbu amancane - ukukhishwa
• Izinhlobo ze-ileostomy

• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla
• Isifo seCrohn - i-X-ray
• Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo
• Ama-fistula anorectal
• Izindawo ezithintekayo zesifo seCrohn
• I-ulcerative colitis
• Izifo ezivuthayo zamathumbu - uchungechunge

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ILichtenstein GR. Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 132.

ILichtenstein GR, iLoftus EV, u-Isaacs KL, uRegueiro MD, uGerson LB, uSands BE. Umhlahlandlela Womtholampilo we-ACG: Ukuphathwa kwesifo sikaCrohn kubantu abadala. NginguJ Gastroenterol. 2018; 113 (4): 481-517. I-PMID: 29610508 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29610508.

Mahmoud NN, Bleier JIS, Aarons CB, Paulson EC, Shanmugan S, Fry RD. Ikholoni ne-rectum. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 51.

USandborn WJ. Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kwesifo sikaCrohn: ithuluzi lesinqumo lomtholampilo. I-Gastroenterology. 2014; 147 (3): 702-705. I-PMID: 25046160 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25046160.

Isihlabathi BE, Siegel CA. Isifo sikaCrohn. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. Sleisenger kanye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 115.