Isibindi se-metastases

Ama-metastases wesibindi abhekisele kumdlavuza osulele esibindini kusuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni.

Ama-metastases wesibindi awafani nomdlavuza oqala esibindini, obizwa nge-hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cishe noma yimuphi umdlavuza ungasakazekela esibindi. Umdlavuza ongasakazeka esibindi uhlanganisa:

• Umdlavuza webele
• Umdlavuza we-Colorectal
• Umdlavuza we-Esophageal
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• I-Melanoma
• Umdlavuza wepancreatic
• Umdlavuza wesisu

Ubungozi besifo somdlavuza obusakazekela esibindini buxhomeke endaweni (indawo) yomdlavuza wokuqala. I-metastasis yesibindi ingaba khona lapho kutholakala umdlavuza wokuqala (oyinhloko) noma kungenzeka izinyanga noma iminyaka ngemuva kokukhishwa kwesimila sokuqala.

Kwezinye izimo, azikho izimpawu. Lapho izimpawu zivela, zingabandakanya:

• Ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla
• Ukudideka
• Imfiva, ukujuluka
• I-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba nabamhlophe bamehlo)
• Isicanucanu
• Ubuhlungu, imvamisa engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesokudla esiswini
• Ukwehla kwesisindo

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwesibindi kufaka phakathi:

• I-CT scan yesisu
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• I-biopsy yesibindi
• I-MRI yesisu
• Ukuskena kwe-PET
• I-Ultrasound yesisu

Ukwelashwa kuncike ku:

• Indawo yomdlavuza eyinhloko
• Mangaki amathumba wesibindi onawo
• Ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele nakwezinye izitho zomzimba
• Impilo yakho iyonke

Izinhlobo zokwelashwa ezingasetshenziswa zichazwe ngezansi.

UKUHLINZA

Lapho isimila sisendaweni eyodwa noma ezimbalwa kuphela zesibindi, umdlavuza ungasuswa ngokuhlinzwa.

I-CHEMOTHERAPY

Lapho umdlavuza ususabalele esibindini nakwezinye izitho, kuvame ukusetshenziswa umzimba wonke (systemic) chemotherapy. Uhlobo lwe-chemotherapy olusetshenzisiwe luxhomeke ohlotsheni lokuqala lomdlavuza.

Lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke esibindi kuphela, i-systemic chemotherapy isengasetshenziswa.

I-Chemoembolization uhlobo lwe-chemotherapy endaweni eyodwa. Ishubhu elincanyana elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter lifakwa emthanjeni osemgodini. I-catheter ifakwa emthanjeni wesibindi. Imithi yokubulala umdlavuza ithunyelwa nge-catheter. Bese kuthi omunye umuthi uhanjiswe nge-catheter ukuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi engxenyeni yesibindi enesimila. Lokhu "kulamba" amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

EZINYE UKWELASHWA

• Utshwala (i-ethanol) bujojowe ku-tumor yesibindi - Inaliti ithunyelwa esikhunjeni ngqo kwisimila sesibindi. Utshwala bubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukushisa, usebenzisa amandla omsakazo noma we-microwave - Inaliti enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-probe ifakwa maphakathi nesimila sesibindi. Amandla athunyelwa ngezintambo ezincanyana ezibizwa ngama-electrode, ezinamathiselwe kuphenyo. Amaseli womdlavuza ayashiswa futhi afe. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi yi-radiofrequency ablation lapho kusetshenziswa amandla omsakazo. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-microwave ablation lapho kusetshenziswa amandla e-microwave.
• Ukuqandisa, okubizwa nangokuthi i-cryotherapy - Uphenyo lubekwa ekuxhumaneni nesimila. Ikhemikhali ithunyelwa ngephenyo ebangela ukuthi amakristalu e-ice akhe azungeze iphenyo. Amaseli womdlavuza afriziwe futhi afe.
• Ubuhlalu be-radioactive - Lobu buhlalu buhambisa imisebe yokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi uvimbe umthambo oya esihlahleni. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-radioembolization. Kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo ne-chemoembolization.

Wenza kahle kangakanani kuncike lapho unomdlavuza wokuqala nokuthi ususabalale kangakanani esibindi noma kwenye indawo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe izicubu zesibindi kuholela ekwelapheni. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kuphela uma kunezibalo ezinqunyelwe zesibindi.

Ezimweni eziningi, umdlavuza osulele esibindini awungeke welapheke. Abantu abanomdlavuza osulele esibindini bavame ukubulawa yisifo sabo. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungasiza ukunciphisa izicubu, kuthuthukise isikhathi sokuphila, futhi kudambise izimpawu.

Izinkinga ngokuvamile ziwumphumela wezimila ezisakazeka endaweni enkulu yesibindi.

Zingafaka:

• Ukuvalwa kokugeleza kwenyongo
• Ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla
• Imfiva
• Ukwehluleka kwesibindi (imvamisa kuphela kwizigaba zesifo)
• Ubuhlungu
• Ukwehla kwesisindo

Noma ngubani oke waba nohlobo lomdlavuza ongasakazeka esibindi kufanele azi izimpawu nezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, futhi abize udokotela uma kukhona okunye kwalokhu okuvelayo.

Ukusheshe uthole izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza kungavimbela ukusakazeka kwala mdlavuza esibindini.

Ama-metastases esibindini; Umdlavuza wesibindi we-Metastatic; Umdlavuza wesibindi - i-metastatic; Umdlavuza we-Colorectal - ama-metastases wesibindi; Umdlavuza wamathumbu - imastastases yesibindi; Umdlavuza we-Esophageal - metastases yesibindi; Umdlavuza wamaphaphu - imastastases yesibindi; I-Melanoma - metastases yesibindi

• I-biopsy yesibindi
• Umdlavuza we-hepatocellular - CT scan
• Isibindi metastases, CT scan
• Izitho zohlelo lokugaya ukudla

Mahvi DA. Mahvi DM. Isibindi se-metastases. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 58.