Amadivayisi wokulahlekelwa ukuzwa

Uma uphila nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, uyazi ukuthi kudinga umzamo owengeziwe ukuxhumana nabanye.

Kunamadivayisi amaningi ahlukene angathuthukisa ikhono lakho lokuxhumana. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwakho nalabo abaseduze kwakho. Lawa madivayisi angathuthukisa impilo yakho ngezindlela eziningi.

• Ungakugwema ukuba wedwa emphakathini.
• Ungahlala uzimele ngokwengeziwe.
• Ungaphepha noma ngabe ukuphi.

Insiza yokuzwa iyithuluzi elincane likagesi elilingana nendlebe yakho noma ngemuva kwalo. Kwandisa imisindo ukuze ukwazi ukuxhumana kangcono futhi ubambe iqhaza emisebenzini yansuku zonke. Insiza yokuzwa inezingxenye ezintathu. Imisindo yamukelwa ngombhobho oguqula amaza omsindo abe amasiginali kagesi athunyelwa ku-amplifier. Isikhulisi sandisa amandla ezimpawu futhi siwadlulisele endlebeni ngesipikha.

Kunezindlela ezintathu zezinsiza zokuzwa:

• Ngemuva kwendlebe (BTE). Izinto ze-elekthronikhi zosizo lokuzwa ziqukethwe kupulasitiki oqinile ogqokwa ngemuva kwendlebe. Ixhunywe kwisikhunta sendlebe esilingana nendlebe engaphandle. Amaphrojekthi wesikhunta sendlebe azwakala kusuka kusizo lokuzwa kuya endlebeni. Esitayeleni esisha izinsiza zokuzwa ezivulelekile, iyunithi engemuva kwendlebe ayisebenzisi isikhunta sendlebe. Esikhundleni salokho ixhunywe kushubhu elincane elingena emseleni wezindlebe.
• Endlebeni (i-ITE). Ngalolu hlobo losizo lokuzwa, ikesi lepulasitiki eliqinile elibambe i-elektroniki lilingana ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwendlebe yangaphandle. Izinsiza zokuzwa ze-ITE zingasebenzisa ikhoyili kagesi ebizwa nge-telecoil ukuthola umsindo kunombhobho. Lokhu kwenza ukuzwa ngocingo kube lula.
• Izinsiza zokuzwa zeCanal. Lezi zinsiza zokuzwa zenzelwe ukulingana usayizi nokuma kwendlebe yomuntu. Amadivayisi aphelele-e-canal (CIC) afihlwe kakhulu emseleni wezindlebe.

Isazi sokuzwa sizokusiza ukhethe idivaysi efanelekile yezidingo zakho zokuzwa nempilo yakho.

Lapho imisindo eminingi ihlanganiswe ndawonye ekamelweni, kuba nzima ukuthatha imisindo ofuna ukuyizwa. Ubuchwepheshe obusizayo busiza abantu abalahlekelwe ukuzwa ukuthi baqonde okushiwoyo futhi baxhumane kalula. Le mishini iletha imisindo ethile ngqo ezindlebeni zakho. Lokhu kungathuthukisa ukuzwa kwakho ezingxoxweni zomuntu ngamunye noma emakilasini noma kumatiyetha. Amadivayisi amaningi okulalela manje asebenza ngesixhumanisi esingenantambo futhi angaxhuma ngqo kusizo lwakho lokuzwa noma ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear.

Izinhlobo zamadivayisi wokulalela ezisizayo zifaka:

• I-loop yokuzwa. Lobu buchwepheshe buhilela intambo encane yocingo ezungeza igumbi. Umthombo womsindo onjengemakrofoni, uhlelo lwamakheli womphakathi, noma i-TV yasekhaya noma ucingo ludlulisa umsindo okhulisiwe nge-loop. Amandla kagesi avela ku-loop athathwa yidivayisi etholayo kusamukeli se-loop yokuzwa noma nge-telecoil osizweni lokuzwa.
• Izinhlelo ze-FM. Lobu buchwepheshe buvame ukusetshenziswa ekilasini. Isebenzisa amasiginali omsakazo ukuthumela imisindo ekhulisiwe kusuka kumakrofoni encane egqokwa ngumfundisi, elandwa ngumamukeli ogqokwa umfundi. Umsindo ungadluliselwa naku-telecoil osizweni lokuzwa noma ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear ngendlela yomqala wentamo umuntu ayigqokile.
• Izinhlelo ze-infrared. Umsindo uguqulelwa kwizimpawu ezikhanyayo ezithunyelwa kusamukeli ezigqokwa ngumlaleli. Njengeziqu ze-FM, abantu abanezinsiza-kuzwa noma ukufakelwa nge-telecoil bangathatha isignali ngentambo yentamo.
• Izikhulisi zomuntu siqu. La manyunithi aqukethe ibhokisi elincane elilingana nomakhalekhukhwini elikhulisa umsindo futhi lehlise umsindo wangemuva klalele. Abanye banemibhobho engabekwa eduze komthombo womsindo. Umsindo othuthukisiwe uthathwa ngumamukeli njenge-headset noma ama-earbuds.

Izinto zokwazisa zisiza ukukwazisa ngemisindo, efana nokukhala kwensimbi noma ifoni ekhalayo. Bangakwazisa nangezinto ezenzeka eduze, njengomlilo, umuntu ongena ekhaya lakho, noma okwenziwa ngumntanakho. Lawa madivayisi akuthumela isignali ongayibona. Isiginali ingaba ukukhanya okukhanyayo, uphondo, noma ukudlidliza.

Kunamathuluzi amaningi angakusiza ulalele futhi ukhulume ngocingo. Amadivayisi abizwa ngama-amplifiers enza umsindo uzwakale kakhulu. Amanye amafoni anezikhulisi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. Unganamathisela i-amplifier efonini yakho. Ezinye zingaphathwa nawe, ngakho-ke ungazisebenzisa nganoma iyiphi ifoni.

Amanye ama-amplifiers agcinwa eduze kwendlebe. Izinsizakusebenza eziningi zokuzwa zisebenza nalawa madivayisi kepha zingadinga izilungiselelo ezikhethekile.

Amanye amadivayisi enza kube lula ukusebenzisa insiza yakho yokuzwa ngentambo yefoni yedijithali. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka okuthile.

Izinsizakalo zokudlulisa ezokuxhumana ngocingo (i-TRS) zivumela abantu abanokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezindlebe ukuthi bashaye izingcingo ezijwayelekile. Izingcingo zombhalo, ezibizwa ngama-TTY noma ama-TTD, zivumela ukuthayipha kwemilayezo kulayini wefoni kunokusebenzisa izwi. Uma umuntu ngakolunye uhlangothi engezwa, umyalezo othayishiwe udluliselwa njengomyalezo wezwi.

I-National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) iwebhusayithi. Amadivayisi okusiza abantu abanezinkinga zokuzwa, zezwi, zenkulumo, noma zolimi. www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/assistive-devices-people-earing-voice-speech-or-language-disorders. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 6, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoJuni 16, 2019.

I-National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) iwebhusayithi. Izinsiza-kuzwa. www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing-aids. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 6, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoJuni 16, 2019.

IStach BA, iRamachandran V. Ukukhuliswa kosizo lokuzwa. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ama-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 162.

• Izinsiza Kwezokuzwa