I-Anorexia

I-Anorexia yisifo sokudla esidala ukuthi abantu banciphise isisindo esingaphezu kwesibhekwa njengesinempilo ngeminyaka nobude babo.

Abantu abanalesi sifo bangaba nokwesaba okukhulu kokuzuza isisindo, noma ngabe bekhuluphele. Bangadla noma bavivinye umzimba ngokweqile noma basebenzise ezinye izindlela zokwehlisa isisindo.

Izimbangela eziqondile ze-anorexia azaziwa. Kunezici eziningi ezingabandakanyeka. Izakhi zofuzo namahomoni zingadlala indima. Izimo zengqondo ezithuthukisa izinhlobo zomzimba ezincanyana kakhulu nazo zingabandakanyeka.

Izici zobungozi be-anorexia zifaka:

• Ukukhathazeka kakhulu, noma ukunaka kakhulu isisindo nokuma
• Ukuba nenkinga yokukhathazeka useyingane
• Ukuba nesithombe esingesihle sakho
• Ukuba nezinkinga zokudla usewusana noma usemncane
• Ukuba nemibono ethile yezenhlalo noma yamasiko ngempilo nobuhle
• Ukuzama ukuphelela noma ukugxila ngokweqile emithethweni

I-Anorexia ivame ukuqala phakathi neminyaka yangaphambi kwentsha noma eyeve eshumini nambili noma yokuba mdala. Kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane, kepha futhi kungabonakala nakwabesilisa.

Umuntu one-anorexia imvamisa:

• Unokwesaba okukhulu ukuthola isisindo noma ukukhuluphela, noma ngabe ukhuluphele.
• Uyenqaba ukugcina isisindo kulokho okubhekwa njengokujwayelekile ngeminyaka nobude babo (15% noma ngaphezulu ngaphansi kwesisindo esijwayelekile).
• Inomfanekiso womzimba ohlanekezelwe kakhulu, ugxile kakhulu esisindweni somzimba noma ekubunjweni, futhi wenqabe ukuvuma ingozi yokwehla kwesisindo.

Abantu abane-anorexia banganciphisa kakhulu inani lokudla abakudlayo. Noma badle bese bezenza abalahle phezulu. Okunye ukuziphatha kufaka:

• Ukusika ukudla kube yizicucu ezincane noma ukukuhambisa kuzungeze ipuleti esikhundleni sokudla
• Ukuzivocavoca ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma ngabe isimo sezulu singesihle, bayalimala, noma uhlelo lwabo lumatasa
• Ukuya endlini yangasese ngemuva nje kokudla
• Ukwenqaba ukudla eduze kwabanye abantu
• Kusetshenziswa amaphilisi ukuzichamela (amaphilisi amanzi, noma isisu), babe nokunyakaza kwamathumbu (ama-enemas kanye nama-laxatives), noma banciphise ukudla (amaphilisi okudla)

Ezinye izimpawu ze-anorexia zingafaka:

• Isikhumba esimnyama noma esiphuzi esomile futhi esimbozwe izinwele ezinhle
• Ukucabanga okudidekile noma okuhamba kancane, kanye nenkumbulo embi noma ukwahlulela okuhle
• Ukucindezeleka
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukuzwela ngokweqile emakhazeni (ukugqoka izendlalelo eziningana zezingubo ukuze uhlale ufudumele)
• Ukuncipha kwamathambo (i-osteoporosis)
• Ukususwa kwemisipha nokulahleka kwamafutha omzimba

Ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe ukusiza ukuthola imbangela yokwehla kwesisindo, noma ukubona ukuthi yimuphi umonakalo owenziwe ukwehla kwesisindo. Eziningi zalezi zivivinyo zizophindwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuqapha umuntu.

Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• I-albhamuin
• Ukuvivinywa kwamathambo ukuhlola amathambo amancane (i-osteoporosis)
• I-CBC
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Ama-electrolyte
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Ingqikithi yamaprotheni
• Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-thyroid
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo

Inselelo enkulu ekwelapheni i-anorexia nervosa ukusiza umuntu ukuthi abone ukuthi unokugula. Iningi labantu abane-anorexia liyaphika ukuthi linenkinga yokudla. Kaningi bafuna ukwelashwa kuphela lapho isimo sabo sibucayi.

Izinhloso zokwelashwa ukubuyisa isisindo somzimba esijwayelekile nemikhuba yokudla. Ukuzuza isisindo samakhilogremu ayi-1 kuye kwayi-3 noma i-0.5 kuye ku-1.5 kilograms (kg) ngesonto kubhekwa njengomgomo ophephile.

Izinhlelo ezihlukene zenzelwe ukwelapha i-anorexia. Lokhu kungafaka noma yiziphi kulezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Ukwandisa umsebenzi womphakathi
• Ukunciphisa inani lomsebenzi womzimba
• Kusetshenziswa amashejuli wokudla

Ukuqala, ukuhlala isikhathi esifushane esibhedlela kunganconywa. Lokhu kulandelwa uhlelo lokwelashwa losuku.

Ukuhlala isikhathi eside esibhedlela kungadingeka uma:

• Umuntu wehlise isisindo esiningi (esingaphansi kuka-70% wesisindo sabo somzimba esifanele ngeminyaka nobude babo). Ngokungondleki okunzima nokusongela impilo, umuntu angadinga ukondliwa ngomthambo noma ngeshubhu lesisu.
• Ukwehla kwesisindo kuyaqhubeka, noma ngabe ukwelashwa.
• Izinkinga zezokwelapha, njengezinkinga zenhliziyo, ukudideka, noma amazinga aphansi e-potassium akhula.
• Umuntu unokudangala okukhulu noma ucabanga ngokuzibulala.

Abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa abavame ukubandakanyeka kulezi zinhlelo bafaka:

• Abahlengikazi
• Odokotela
• Abasizi bodokotela
• Izazi zokudla
• Abahlinzeki bezempilo yengqondo

Ukwelashwa kaningi kunzima kakhulu. Abantu nemindeni yabo kumele basebenze kanzima. Izindlela zokwelapha eziningi zingazama kuze kube yilapho lesi sifo silawulwa.

Abantu bangashiya phansi izinhlelo uma benamathemba angenangqondo okuthi "bazokwelashwa" ngolashwa kuphela.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa kokukhuluma zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha abantu abane-anorexia:

• Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (uhlobo lokwelashwa kokukhuluma), ukwelashwa kweqembu, kanye nokwelashwa komndeni konke kuphumelele.
• Inhloso yokwelashwa ukuguqula imicabango noma indlela yokuziphatha komuntu ukubakhuthaza ukuba badle ngendlela enempilo. Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa lusizo kakhulu ekwelapheni abantu abasha abebengakaze babe ne-anorexia isikhathi eside.
• Uma umuntu emncane, ukwelashwa kungabandakanya wonke umndeni. Umndeni uthathwa njengengxenye yesixazululo, esikhundleni senkinga yokuphazamiseka kokudla.
• Amaqembu okusekela nawo angaba yingxenye yokwelashwa. Emaqenjini okweseka, iziguli nemindeni bayahlangana babelane ngalokhu abedlule kukho.

Imithi efana ne-anti-depressants, antipsychotic, kanye ne-stabilizers stabilizers ingasiza abanye abantu uma benikezwa njengengxenye yohlelo oluphelele lokwelashwa. Le mithi ingasiza ekwelapheni ukudangala noma ukukhathazeka. Yize imithi ingasiza, akukho okuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kunciphisa isifiso sokunciphisa isisindo.

Ingcindezi yokugula ingancishiswa ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela. Ukwabelana nabanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile nezinkinga kungakusiza ungazizwa uwedwa.

I-Anorexia yisimo esibi kakhulu esisongela impilo. Izinhlelo zokwelashwa zingasiza abantu abanesimo ukuthi babuyele esisindweni esijwayelekile. Kepha kujwayelekile ukuthi lesi sifo sibuye.

Abesifazane abahlakulela le nkinga yokudla besebancane banethuba elingcono lokululama ngokuphelele. Iningi labantu abane-anorexia lizoqhubeka nokuthanda isisindo somzimba esiphansi futhi ligxile kakhulu ekudleni nasemakhalori.

Ukuphathwa kwesisindo kungaba nzima. Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kungadingeka ukuhlala esisindweni esinempilo.

I-anorexia ingaba yingozi. Kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kufaka phakathi:

• Ithambo liyaphela
• Ukwehla kwamaseli amhlophe egazi, okuholela engozini yokutheleleka
• Izinga eliphansi le-potassium egazini, elingadala isigqi senhliziyo esiyingozi
• Ukuntuleka kwamanzi namanzi emzimbeni (ukoma)
• Ukuntuleka kwamaprotheni, amavithamini, amaminerali, kanye nezinye izakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile emzimbeni (ukungondleki)
• Ukuquleka ngenxa yokwehla koketshezi noma kwe-sodium kusuka kuhudo oluphindaphindiweyo noma ekuhlanzeni
• Izinkinga zendlala yegilo
• Ukubola kwamazinyo

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma umuntu omkhathalelayo:

• Kugxile kakhulu esisindweni
• Ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile
• Ukunciphisa ukudla akudlayo
• Ukhuluphele kakhulu

Ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kungenza inkinga yokudla ibe nzima kakhulu.

Ukuphazamiseka kokudla - i-anorexia nervosa

• myPlate

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