Ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisa i-anemia

-Delile

• Amanani aqinisekisa ukushoda kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa ukukhomba uhlobo lwe-anemia

Ukuxilonga i-anemia kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe igazi ukuhlola inani lamaseli abomvu ne-hemoglobin, okuvame ukukhomba i-anemia lapho amanani we-hemoglobin engaphansi kuka-12 g / dL kwabesifazane kanye no-14 g / dL weziguli amadoda.

Kodwa-ke, ukugxila kwe-hemoglobin akuyona ukuphela kwepharamitha yokuxilongwa kwe-anemia, futhi okunye ukuhlolwa kuvame ukucelwa ukukhomba imbangela ye-hemoglobin ephansi bese kuqala ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. Thola ukuthi amanani we-hemoglobin ashintshiwe angakhombisani.

Njengoba i-iron deficiency anemia iyona evame kakhulu, udokotela uqala ngokuhlola inani le-ferritin egazini, ngoba uma le nto incane kusho ukuthi kukhona i-iron encane emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, uma amanani we-ferritin ejwayelekile, ezinye izivivinyo ezinjenge-hemoglobin electrophoresis noma ukubalwa kukavithamini B12 namazinga e-folic acid, asiza ukukhomba ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia, kungadingeka.

Amanani aqinisekisa ukushoda kwegazi

Ukuxilongwa kwe-anemia kwenziwa lapho amanani we-hemoglobin esilinganisweni segazi eyile:

• Emadodeni: ngaphansi kuka-14 g / dL wegazi;
• Kwabesifazane: ngaphansi kuka-12 g / dL wegazi;

Imvamisa, lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi sekuvele kufaka inani le-ferritin, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuhlola ukuthi i-anemia yakho ibangelwa yini ukungabi nensimbi. Uma kunjalo, inani le-ferritin nalo lizoba liphansi, okukhombisa amazinga aphansi e-iron, angahle akhombise ukushoda kwe-iron anemia. Kodwa-ke, uma amazinga we-ferritin ejwayelekile, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi i-anemia ibangelwa enye inkinga ngakho-ke, ezinye izivivinyo zingahle zilawulwe ukukhomba imbangela efanele.

Ngaphezu kokuhlola inani le-hemoglobin, udokotela ubheka inani lezinye izinkomba ze-hemogram, njenge-Average Corpuscular Volume (VCM), Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin (HCM), Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (CHCM) kanye ne-RDW, elinganisa ukwehluka ngosayizi phakathi kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kokubalwa kwegazi, udokotela uyakwazi ukukhomba uhlobo lwe-anemia. Qonda ukuthi isibalo segazi sisebenza kanjani.

Ukuhlolwa ukukhomba uhlobo lwe-anemia

Ngaphezu kokubalwa kwegazi ne-ferritin, kunezinye izivivinyo ezinga-odolwa ngudokotela ukukhomba ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia, njenge:

• I-hemoglobin electrophoresis: ihlaziya izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hemoglobin egazini futhi ingasiza ekuhloleni uhlobo lwe-anemia, olwenziwa ikakhulu ukukhomba i-sickle cell anemia. Qonda ukuthi i-hemoglobin electrophoresis yenziwa kanjani;
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-peripheral blood smear: ihlola ukubonakala kwamaseli abomvu egazi ngaphansi kwemicroscope ukuthola ubukhulu, ukwakheka, inombolo, nokubukeka, futhi ingasiza ekutholeni i-sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, megaloblastic anemia nezinye izinguquko ze-hematological;
• Ukubalwa kwe-Reticulocyte: ihlola ukuthi ingabe umnkantsha ukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi amasha, okuvumela ukukhomba i-aplastic anemia;
• Ukuhlolwa kwesitokisi: kungasiza ukuthola ukopha esiswini noma emathunjini, okungaba imbangela yokushoda kwegazi;
• Amaleveli we uvithamini B12 emchameni: ukuntuleka kwaleli vithamini kungadala i-anemia eyingozi;
• Amazinga eBilirubin: ilusizo ekunqumeni ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abhujisiwe ngaphakathi komzimba, okungaba wuphawu lwe-hemolytic anemia;
• Amazinga Lead: ubuthi bomthofu bungaba esinye sezimbangela zokushoda kwegazi ezinganeni;
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi: ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi, okungaba esinye sezimbangela ze-anemia;
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso: kungasiza ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini izinkinga zezinso, njengokuhluleka kwezinso, isibonelo, ezingadala i-anemia;
• I-bone marrow biopsy: ihlola ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu futhi ingenziwa lapho kusolakala ukuthi inkinga yomnkantsha ithola ukuthi ibangele ukuntuleka kwegazi. Bona ukuthi kwenzelwe ini nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani umongo we-bone marrow.

Ezinye izivivinyo ezifana neMRI, X-ray, CT scan, ukuhlolwa komchamo, ukuhlolwa kofuzo, ukuhlolwa kwe-serological kanye ne-biochemical nakho kungasetshenziswa ukuthola uhlobo lwe-anemia, noma kunjalo azicelwa kakhulu.

Kubalulekile ukuthi imiphumela yezivivinyo ihlolwe ngudokotela, ngoba kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho kungenzeka khona ukwelashwa okufanele kwesimo. Ukuba nokuhlungwa kwe-hemoglobin kuphela ngenani lesethenjwa akwanele ukunquma i-anemia, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza okunye ukuhlolwa. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-anemia.

Enye indlela yokuvimbela ukuntuleka kwe-ayoni ne-anemia eyingozi, engavela ngenxa yokudla, ukushintsha imikhuba yokudla. Buka le vidiyo elandelayo ukubona ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani lezi zinhlobo ze-anemia: