I-thyroiditis engapheli (isifo sikaHashimoto)

I-thyroiditis engapheli ibangelwa ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba ngokumelene nendlala yegilo. Imvamisa kuholela ekunciphiseni kokusebenza kwe-thyroid (hypothyroidism).

Lesi sifo sibizwa nangokuthi isifo sikaHashimoto.

Indlala yegilo ikhona entanyeni, ngenhla nje lapho kuhlangana khona amathambo akho ophakathi nendawo.

Isifo seHashimoto yisifo esivamile segciwane le-thyroid. Kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kepha kuvame ukubonwa kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi. Kubangelwa ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba alwa nendlala yegilo.

Lesi sifo siqala kancane. Kungathatha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ukuthi lesi sifo sitholakale nokuthi amazinga e-hormone yegilo abe phansi kunokujwayelekile. Isifo sikaHashimoto sivame kakhulu kubantu abanomlando womndeni wesifo se-thyroid.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, lesi sifo singahle sihlobene nezinye izinkinga zehomoni ezibangelwa amasosha omzimba. Kungenzeka ngokusebenza kabi kwe-adrenal kanye nohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela. Kulezi zimo, lesi simo sibizwa ngohlobo 2 polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA II).

Ngokuvamile (imvamisa ezinganeni), isifo seHashimoto senzeka njengengxenye yesimo esibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo 1 polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGA I), kanye ne:

• Umsebenzi ombi wezindlala ze-adrenal
• Ukutheleleka komkhuhlane komlomo nezinzipho
• Indlala engasebenzi kahle ye-parathyroid

Izimpawu zesifo sikaHashimoto zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukuqunjelwa
• Kunzima ukugxila noma ukucabanga
• Isikhumba esomile
• Intamo ekhulisiwe noma ubukhona be-goiter, okungaba ukuphela kwempawu zokuqala
• Ukukhathala
• Ukulahleka kwezinwele
• Izinkathi ezinzima noma ezingajwayelekile
• Ukungabekezelelani emakhazeni
• Ukuzuza kwesisindo esincane
• Indlala yegilo encane noma eshwabene (sekwedlule lesi sifo)

Ukuhlolwa kwelabhorathri ukuthola umsebenzi wegilo kufaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwamahhala kwe-T4
• I-Serum TSH
• Ingqikithi ye-T3
• Ama-autoantibodies wegilo

Ukucabanga ngezifundo kanye ne-needle biopsy emihle ngokuvamile akudingeki ukuxilonga iHashimoto thyroiditis.

Lesi sifo singashintsha nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okulandelayo:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi
• I-serum prolactin
• I-Serum sodium
• Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol

I-hypothyroidism engalashwa ingashintsha ukuthi umzimba wakho uyisebenzisa kanjani imithi ongayiphuzela ezinye izimo, njengesifo sokuwa. Kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlolwe njalo ngegazi ukuze uhlole amazinga emithi emzimbeni wakho.

Uma uthola okutholakele kwe-thyroid engasebenzi, ungathola umuthi wokufaka esikhundleni se-thyroid.

Akuwona wonke umuntu one-thyroiditis noma i-goiter enamazinga aphansi e-hormone yegilo. Ungahle udinge ukulandelelwa njalo ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Lesi sifo sihlala sizinzile iminyaka. Uma ikhula kancane kancane iye ekushodeni kwehomoni ye-thyroid (hypothyroidism), ingalashwa nge-hormone replacement therapy.

Lesi simo singenzeka nezinye izifo ezenzakalelayo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, umdlavuza we-thyroid noma i-thyroid lymphoma ingahle ikhule.

I-hypothyroidism engaphathwa kabi ingaholela ekuguqukeni kokwazi, ikhoma nokufa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma abantu bethola ukutheleleka, belimala, noma bephuza imithi, efana nama-opioid.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ze-thyroiditis engapheli noma i-hypothyroidism.

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela lesi sifo. Ukwazi izinto eziyingozi kungavumela ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwangaphambilini.

Hashimoto thyroiditis; I-lymphocytic thyroiditis engapheli; Ukuzilimaza i-thyroiditis; I-autoimmune thyroiditis engapheli; I-Lymphadenoid goiter - iHashimoto; I-Hypothyroidism - iHashimoto; Thayipha i-2 polyglandular autoimmune syndrome - iHashimoto; I-PGA II - Hashimoto

• Izindlala ze-Endocrine
• Ukwandiswa kwe-thyroid - i-scintiscan
• Isifo sikaHashimoto's (chronic thyroiditis)
• Indlala yegilo

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UJonklaas J, uBianco AC, uBauer AJ, et al. Imihlahlandlela yokwelashwa kwe-hypothyroidism: elungiselelwe yiqembu le-American Thyroid Association elibhekene nokushintshwa kwehomoni ye-thyroid. Indlala yegilo. 2014; 24 (12): 1670-1751. I-PMID: 25266247 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266247/.

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