Umdlavuza wesibeletho - ukuhlolwa nokuvinjelwa

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho umdlavuza oqala emlonyeni wesibeletho. Umlomo wesibeletho yingxenye engezansi yesibeletho (isibeletho) evuleka ngaphezulu kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Kuningi ongakwenza ukunciphisa amathuba akho okuba nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Futhi, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angenza izivivinyo ukuthola izinguquko zakuqala ezingaholela kumdlavuza, noma ukuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho kusaqala.

Cishe wonke umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ubangelwa yi-HPV (human papilloma virus).

• I-HPV igciwane elivame ukusabalala ngokuxhumana ngokocansi.
• Izinhlobo ezithile ze-HPV kungenzeka ziholele kumdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo ezinobungozi obukhulu be-HPV.
• Ezinye izinhlobo ze-HPV zidala izinsumpa zangasese.

I-HPV ingadluliselwa isuke komunye umuntu iye komunye umuntu noma kungekho zinsumpa ezibonakalayo noma ezinye izimpawu.

Umuthi wokugoma uyatholakala ukuvikela ezinhlotsheni ze-HPV ezibanga umdlavuza omkhulu wesibeletho kwabesifazane. Umuthi wokugoma uthi:

• Inconyelwe amantombazane nabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-9 kuya kwengama-26.
• Inikezwe njengezibhamu ezimbili emantombazaneni aneminyaka engu-9 kuya kwengu-14, nanjengamaphothi ama-3 kwentsha eneminyaka engu-15 noma ngaphezulu.
• Kuhle kakhulu ukuthi amantombazane athole ngeminyaka engu-11 noma ngaphambi kokuya ocansini. Kodwa-ke, amantombazane nabesifazane abasebancane asebevele benza ucansi basengavikelwa umuthi wokugoma uma bengakaze batheleleke.

Le mikhuba yocansi ephephile ingasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ubungozi bokuthola i-HPV nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho:

• Njalo sebenzisa amakhondomu. Kepha yazi ukuthi amakhondomu awakwazi ukukuvikela ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igciwane noma izinsumpa nazo zingaba esikhunjeni esiseduze.
• Yiba nomlingani oyedwa ocansini, owaziyo ukuthi akanalo igciwane.
• Nciphisa inani labalingani ocansini onabo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• UNGAZIbandakanye nabalingani ababamba iqhaza emisebenzini yezocansi enobungozi obukhulu.
• UNGABHALI. Ukubhema ugwayi kwandisa ingozi yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho.

Umdlavuza wesibeletho uvame ukukhula kancane. Iqala njengezinguquko ezingaphambi kwesikhathi ezibizwa nge-dysplasia. I-Dysplasia ingatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okubizwa nge-Pap smear.

I-Dysplasia iyelapheka ngokuphelele. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi abantu besifazane bathole ama-Pap smear avamile, ukuze kususwe amaseli afika ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba abe nomdlavuza.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap smear kufanele kuqale eneminyaka engama-21. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuqala:

• Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-21 kuya kwengama-29 kufanele babe ne-Pap smear njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV akunconyelwe leli qembu leminyaka yobudala.
• Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-65 kufanele bahlolwe nge-Pap smear njalo eminyakeni emithathu noma ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV njalo eminyakeni emihlanu.
• Uma wena noma umlingani wakho wezocansi unabanye abalingani abasha, kufanele wenze iPap smear njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
• Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-65 kuya kwengama-70 bangayeka ukwenza ama-Pap smear inqobo nje uma bebe nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile oku-3 eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.
• Abesifazane abelashelwe i-precancer (i-cervical dysplasia) kufanele baqhubeke nokuthola ama-Pap smear iminyaka engama-20 ngemuva kokwelashwa noma kuze kube yiminyaka engama-65, noma yikuphi okude.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuthi kufanele uvivinye kangaki iPap smear noma i-HPV test.

Umdlavuza wesibeletho - ukuhlolwa; I-HPV - ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho; I-Dysplasia - ukuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho; Umdlavuza wesibeletho - umuthi wokugomela i-HPV

• I-Pap smear

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. I-human papillomavirus (HPV). Uhlelo lokugoma i-HPV kanye nokufakwa kwesilinganiso. www.cdc.gov/hpv/hcp/schedules-recommendations.html. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 10, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 5, 2019.

USalcedo MP, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. I-neoplasia ye-Intraepithelial yomgudu ophansi wobulili (umlomo wesibeletho, isitho sangasese sowesifazane, isitho sangasese): i-etiology, ukuhlolwa, ukuxilongwa, ukuphathwa. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 28.

I-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Ikomidi Lezokunakekelwa Kwezempilo Kwentsha, Iqembu Lomsebenzi Wokugoma. Inombolo Yemibono Yekomidi 704, Juni 2017. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Adolescent-Health-Care/Human-Papillomavirus-Vaccination. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 5, 2019.

I-US Preventive Services Task Force, uCurry SJ, uKrist AH, u-Owens DK, et al. Ukuhlolisiswa umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2018; 320 (7): 674-686. I-PMID: 30140884 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30140884.

• Umdlavuza Wesibeletho
• Ukuhlolwa Komdlavuza Wesibeletho
• I-HPV
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezempilo Kwabesifazane