Ozakwethu Abaphila Ne-HIV

-Delile

• Qinisekisa ukuthi umlingani ulawula i-HIV yakhe
• Thatha imishanguzo ye-HIV ukuvikela i-HIV
• I-PrEP
• PEP
• Yazi izinga lobungozi bezinhlobo ezahlukene zocansi
• Sebenzisa ukuvikelwa
• Ungabelani ngezinaliti ezifakiwe
• Ukuthatha

Ukubuka konke

Ukuthi umuntu uphila ne-HIV akusho ukuthi ulindele ukuthi umlingani wakhe abe ngungoti kuyo. Kepha ukuqonda i-HIV nokuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuvezwa kubalulekile ekulondolozeni ubudlelwano obuphephile nobunempilo.

Babuze imibuzo futhi ufunde ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuphila nalesi simo. Gcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile futhi uxoxe ngesifiso sokubamba iqhaza ekuphathweni kwe-HIV yabo.

Ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo kungasiza futhi umuntu ophila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza ukuphatha ukunakekelwa kwakhe kwezempilo kangcono. Lokhu kungathuthukisa impilo yabo iyonke.

Ubudlelwano obunempilo bungafaka:

• ukusiza umlingani wakho ukunamathela ekwelashweni kwakhe, uma kudingeka
• ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana ne-preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) noma i-postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi
• ukuxoxa nokukhetha izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela ezitholakala kubo bobabili abantu ebudlelwaneni

Ukulandela ngakunye kwalezi ziphakamiso kunganciphisa amathuba okudluliswa kwe-HIV, kwehlise ukwesaba okungenasisekelo ngosizo lwezemfundo, futhi kuthuthukise impilo yabantu bobabili ebudlelwaneni.

Qinisekisa ukuthi umlingani ulawula i-HIV yakhe

I-HIV yisimo esingelapheki eselashwa ngemishanguzo yokuthithibalisa leli gciwane. Imishanguzo yegciwane lengculaza ilawula leli gciwane ngokwehlisa inani le-HIV elitholakala egazini, elaziwa nangokuthi umthamo wegciwane. Le mithi ibuye yehlise inani le-virus kolunye uketshezi lomzimba olufana nesidoda, uketshezi lwendunu noma i-rectal, noketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Ukuphatha i-HIV kudinga ukunakekelwa okusondele. Imithi kufanele ithathwe njengokuyalelwa ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ngokwengeziwe, ukuphatha i-HIV kusho ukuya kumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kaningi njengoba kunconyiwe.

Ngokwelapha i-HIV yabo ngemishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lengculazi, abantu abaphila nalesi simo bangaphatha impilo yabo futhi bavimbele ubungozi bokudlulisa. Inhloso yokwelashwa kwe-HIV ukwehlisa inani le-HIV emzimbeni kuze kube sezingeni lokuthola umthamo wegciwane elingatholakali.

Ngokusho kuka, umuntu ophila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza onesisindo esingabonakali segciwane ngeke adlulisele i-HIV kwabanye. Bachaza inani legciwane egazini elingatholakali njengamakhophi angaphansi kwama-200 ngemililitha yegazi ngalinye.

Ukwesekwa umuntu ongenalo igciwane lesandulela ngculaza angakunikeza umlingani ophila ne-HIV kungaba nomthelela omuhle ekutheni umlingani one-HIV uyiphatha kanjani impilo yakhe. Ucwaningo kuJenaliya ye-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes oluthi uma abantu abathandana nabobulili obufanayo “besebenza ndawonye ukuze bafinyelele umgomo,” umuntu ophila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza ubengakwazi ukuhlala elandela ukunakekelwa kwe-HIV kuzo zonke izici.

Lokhu kwesekwa kungaphinde kuqinise obunye ubudlelwano obunamandla. kumagazini ofanayo kutholakale ukuthi inqubo yokwelashwa ehlanganisa abantu bobabili ingakhuthaza umlingani ophila ngaphandle kwe-HIV ukuthi asekele kakhulu.

Thatha imishanguzo ye-HIV ukuvikela i-HIV

Abantu abaphila ngaphandle kwe-HIV bangafuna ukucabanga ngemithi yokuvikela i-HIV ukugwema ubungozi bokuthola i-HIV. Njengamanje, kunezindlela ezimbili zokuvikela i-HIV ngemishanguzo yokuthithibalisa leli gciwane. Omunye wemithi uthathwa nsuku zonke, njengendlela yokuvimbela. Enye ithathwa ngemuva kokuchayeka ku-HIV.

I-PrEP

I-PrEP iyimithi yokuvikela abantu abangenayo i-HIV kodwa basengozini yokuyithola. Kungumuthi odlalwa kanye ngomlomo kanye ngosuku ovimba i-HIV ekutheleleni amaseli kumasosha omzimba. I-US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) iyincoma kuwo wonke umuntu osengozini eyengeziwe ye-HIV.

Uma umuntu ongenayo i-HIV eya ocansini nomuntu ophila ne-HIV onobuningi begciwane egazini, ukuthatha i-PrEP kungehlisa ingozi yokuthola i-HIV. I-PrEP futhi iyindlela ongakhetha kuyo uma uzibandakanya kwezocansi nomlingani wakhe isimo sakhe esingaziwa.

I-CDC ithi iPrEP izokwehlisa ubungozi bokuthola igciwane lesandulela ngculaza ocansini ngaphezu kuka.

Uhlobo lwe-PrEP lubandakanya:

• Ukuqokwa kwezokwelapha njalo. Lokhu kufaka ukuhlolelwa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI) nokusebenza kwezinso ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV. Ukuhlolwa kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuthola incwadi kadokotela kanye nezinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kwalokho.
• Ukuphuza iphilisi usuku ngalunye.

I-PrEP ingahlanganiswa nomshwalense. Abanye abantu bangase bakwazi ukuthola uhlelo oluxhasa imithi. Iwebhusayithi ethi Please PrEP Me inikeza izixhumanisi zemitholampilo nabahlinzeki abayalela i-PrEP, kanye nolwazi ngokutholakala komshuwalense kanye nezinketho zokukhokha mahhala noma eziphansi.

Ngaphandle kokuthatha i-PrEP, cabanga nangezinye izindlela, njengokusebenzisa amakhondomu. I-PrEP ithatha isonto elilodwa kuya kwamathathu ukunikeza ukuvikelwa, kuya ngomsebenzi wezocansi. Isibonelo, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi umuthi usebenze kahle ekuvikeleni isitho sowesifazane sangasese ekudlulisweni kwe-HIV kunalokho okwenzeka endunu. Futhi, i-PrEP ayizivikeli kwamanye ama-STI.

PEP

I-PEP imithi yokwelashwa ephuzwa ngemuva kocansi uma kube khona ingozi yokuchayeka kwi-HIV. Lokhu kungafaka izimo lapho:

• kuphuka ikhondomu
• akusetshenziswanga ikhondomu
• umuntu ongenayo i-HIV uhlangana negazi noma uketshezi lomzimba oluvela kumuntu one-HIV kanye nomthamo wegciwane elibonakalayo
• umuntu ongenayo i-HIV uhlangana negazi noma uketshezi lomzimba oluvela kumuntu onesimo sakhe se-HIV esingaziwa kubo

I-PEP isebenza kuphela uma ithathwa kungakapheli amahora angama-72 ngemuva kokuchayeka ku-HIV. Kufanele ithathwe nsuku zonke, noma njengoba kunqunywe ngenye indlela, izinsuku ezingama-28.

Yazi izinga lobungozi bezinhlobo ezahlukene zocansi

Ukuya ocansini ezimpundu kwandisa amathuba e-HIV ukwedlula noma yiluphi olunye uhlobo locansi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuya ocansini endunu. Ucansi lwendunu olwamukelayo, noma ukuba phansi, kulapho umthondo womlingani ungena khona endunu. Ucansi lwendunu olwamukelayo ngaphandle kwekhondomu luthathwa njengengozi enkulu kakhulu yocansi yokuthola i-HIV.

Ukuba phezulu ngesikhathi socansi kwaziwa njengokufaka ucansi lwangemuva. Ukuya ocansini endunu ngaphandle kwekhondomu kungenye indlela yokuthola igciwane lesandulela ngculaza. Kodwa-ke, ubungozi bokuthola i-HIV ngale ndlela buphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nobulili obamukelayo bendunu.

Ukuhlanganyela ocansini lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kunengozi encane yokudluliswa kwe-HIV kunocansi lwangemuva, kodwa kusabalulekile ukuthi uzivikele ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezinjengokusetshenziswa kwekhondomu okuyikho.

Yize kuyivelakancane ngokweqile, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole i-HIV ngokwenza ucansi lomlomo. Ukusebenzisa ikhondomu noma umgoqo we-latex ngesikhathi socansi lomlomo kunganciphisa nengozi yokuthola ezinye izifo zocansi. Enye indlela ukugwema ukuya ocansini ngomlomo kukhona izilonda ezithweni zangasese noma zomlomo.

Sebenzisa ukuvikelwa

Ukusebenzisa ikhondomu ngesikhathi socansi kunciphisa ubungozi bokudluliswa kwe-HIV. Amakhondomu nawo angavikela kwezinye izifo zocansi.

Funda ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ikhondomu ngendlela efanele ukunciphisa amathuba okuphuka noma okungahambi kahle ngesikhathi socansi. Sebenzisa ikhondomu eyenziwe ngezinto eziqinile ezifana ne-latex. Gwema lezo ezenziwe ngezinto zemvelo. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi alukuvimbeli ukudluliswa kwe-HIV.

Ama-lubricants nawo anganciphisa ingozi yokuvezwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi avimbela amakhondomu ekuhlulekeni. Banganciphisa ukungqubuzana futhi banciphise ithuba lezinyembezi ezincane emgodini wesitho sangasese noma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.

Lapho ukhetha igrisi:

• Khetha i-lubricant engamanzi- noma i-silicone.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa izinto zokugcoba ezakhiwe ngo-oyela ezinamakhondomu e-latex ngoba zilulaza i-latex. Izinto zokugcoba ezisebenza ngo-oyela zifaka iVaseline ne-lotion yezandla.
• Ungasebenzisi izithambisi nge-nonoxynol-9. Kungacasula futhi kungandisa amathuba okudluliswa kwe-HIV.

Ungabelani ngezinaliti ezifakiwe

Uma usebenzisa izinaliti ukujova izidakamizwa, kubalulekile ukuthi ungabelani ngezinaliti noma imijovo emithanjeni. Ukwabelana ngezinaliti kwandisa ingozi ye-HIV.

Ukuthatha

Ngokwenza ucansi ngamakhondomu, kungenzeka ukuba nobudlelwano obunempilo nobuphelele bothando nomuntu ophila ne-HIV. Ukuphuza imithi yokuvikela efana ne-PrEP noma i-PEP kunganciphisa amathuba okuchayeka kwi-HIV.

Uma umuntu one-HIV enomthamo wegciwane engabonakali, akakwazi ukudlulisela i-HIV kwabanye. Le ngenye indlela ebalulekile umaqondana ongenayo i-HIV evikeleka ngayo kuleligciwane.