I-Psoriasis

I-Psoriasis yisimo sesikhumba esidala ukubomvu kwesikhumba, izikali zesiliva, nokucasuka. Iningi labantu abane-psoriasis linamabala aminyene, abomvu, achazwe kahle esikhumba anezikali ezingamabala, ezinesiliva elimhlophe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-plaque psoriasis.

I-Psoriasis ijwayelekile. Noma ngubani angayithuthukisa, kepha imvamisa iqala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nengama-35, noma njengoba abantu bekhula.

I-Psoriasis ayithelelani. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akusakazeki kwabanye abantu.

I-Psoriasis kubonakala sengathi idluliselwa emindenini.

Amaseli wesikhumba ajwayelekile akhula ajule esikhunjeni futhi akhuphukele ngaphezulu cishe kanye ngenyanga. Uma une-psoriasis, le nqubo yenzeka ezinsukwini eziyi-14 kunasemavikini amathathu kuya kwamane. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni amangqamuzana esikhumba afile akha ebusweni besikhumba, akhe amaqoqo ezikali.

Okulandelayo kungadala ukuhlaselwa kwe-psoriasis noma kwenze kube nzima ukwelapha:

• Ukutheleleka okuvela kubhaktheriya noma amagciwane, kufaka phakathi i-strep throat kanye nezifo eziphezulu zokuphefumula
• Umoya owomile noma isikhumba esomile
• Ukulimala esikhunjeni, kufaka phakathi ukusikeka, ukusha, ukulunywa yizinambuzane nokunye ukuqubuka kwesikhumba
• Eminye imishanguzo, kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa ze-antimalaria, i-beta-blockers, ne-lithium
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukukhanya kwelanga okuncane kakhulu
• Ukukhanya kwelanga kakhulu (ukushiswa yilanga)

I-Psoriasis ingaba yimbi kakhulu kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, kufaka phakathi abantu abane-HIV / AIDS.

Abanye abantu abane-psoriasis banesifo samathambo (i-psoriatic arthritis). Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-psoriasis banengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola isifo sesibindi esinamafutha kanye nokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo, njengesifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi.

I-Psoriasis ingavela ngokuzumayo noma kancane. Izikhathi eziningi, iyahamba bese ibuya.

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwalesi simo lucasukile, lubomvu, izingcwecwe zesikhumba. Amapuleti avame ukubonakala ezindololwaneni, emadolweni naphakathi komzimba. Kepha zingavela noma yikuphi, kufaka phakathi isikhumba sasekhanda, izintende zezandla, amathe ezinyawo, kanye nezitho zangasese.

Isikhumba singaba:

• Ukulunywa
• Eyomile futhi embozwe ngesiliva, isikhumba esikhohlisayo (izikali)
• Umbala opinki ngokubomvu
• Iphakanyisiwe futhi iminyene

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene noma be-tendon noma obubuhlungu
• Izinguquko zesipikili, kufaka phakathi izipikili eziwugqinsi, izipikili ezinombala ophuzi, amazinyo esikhonkwaneni, nokuphakanyiswa kozipho esikhumbeni ngaphansi
• Ukudonsa kanzima ekhanda

Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko ze-psoriasis:

• I-Erythrodermic - Ububomvu besikhumba bukhulu kakhulu futhi buhlanganisa indawo enkulu.
• I-Guttate - Izindawo ezincane, ezibomvu ngokubomvu ziyavela esikhunjeni. Leli fomu livame ukuxhunyaniswa nokutheleleka nge-strep, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.
• I-Inverse - Ukubomvu kwesikhumba nokucasuka kwenzeka emakhwapheni, emgodini, naphakathi kwesikhumba esigqagqene kunezindawo ezivame kakhulu zezindololwane namadolo.
• Uqweqwe - Amachashazi abomvu, abomvu esikhumba ambozwe izikali eziyize, ezimhlophe njengesiliva. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-psoriasis.
• I-Pustular - Amabhamuza agcwele ubomvu (ama-pustules) azungezwe isikhumba esibomvu, esicasukile.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uvame ukuxilonga lesi simo ngokubheka isikhumba sakho.

Kwesinye isikhathi, kwenziwa i-biopsy yesikhumba ukukhipha ezinye izimo ezingenzeka. Uma unezinhlungu ezihlangene, umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda izifundo zokucabanga.

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu zakho nokuvikela ukutheleleka.

Izinketho zokwelashwa ezintathu ziyatholakala:

• Amafutha esikhumba, amafutha okugcoba, okhilimu nama-shampoo - Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yimithi yokwelapha.
• Amaphilisi noma imijovo ethinta ukuphendula komzimba, hhayi isikhumba kuphela - Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okujwayelekile, noma okubanzi komzimba.
• I-Phototherapy, esebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ukwelapha i-psoriasis.

Imithi esetshenziswa esikhunjeni (ISIHLOKO)

Isikhathi esiningi, i-psoriasis iphathwa ngemithi ebekwa ngqo esikhunjeni noma ekhanda. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Amafutha we-Cortisone namafutha okugcoba
• Amanye okhilimu nama-oint-anti-inflammatory
• Okhilimu noma amafutha okugcoba aqukethe itiyela lamalahle noma i-anthralin
• Amakhrim okususa ukukala (imvamisa i-salicylic acid noma i-lactic acid)
• Ama-shampoo we-Dandruff (ngaphezu kwe-counter noma i-prescription)
• Izithambisi
• Imithi kadokotela equkethe uvithamini D noma uvithamini A (retinoids)

UKWELASHWA KWE-SYSTEMIC (BODY-WIDE)

Uma une-psoriasis elinganiselayo kuya kwelinzima, umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka ancome imithi ecindezela impendulo eyiphutha yohlelo lomzimba. Le mithi ifaka phakathi i-methotrexate noma i-cyclosporine. Ama-retinoids, njenge-acetretin, nawo angasetshenziswa.

Izidakamizwa ezintsha, ezibizwa nge-biologics, zisetshenziswa kakhulu njengoba zikhomba izimbangela ze-psoriasis. I-Biologics evunyelwe ukwelashwa kwe-psoriasis ifaka phakathi:

• I-Adalimumab (Humira)
• I-Abatacept (Orencia)
• I-Apremilast (Otezla)
• I-Brodalumab (Siliq)
• I-Certolizumab pegol (Cimzia)
• I-Etanercept (Enbrel)
• I-Infliximab (Remicade)
• I-Ixekizumab (Taltz)
• IGolimumab (Simponi)
• I-Guselkumab (Tremfya)
• I-Risankizumab-rzaa (Skyrizi)
• I-Secukinumab (Cosentyx)
• I-Tildrakizumab-asmn (Ilumya)
• I-Ustekinumab (Stelara)

I-PHOTOTHERAPY

Abanye abantu bangakhetha ukuthola i-phototherapy, ephephile futhi engasebenza kakhulu:

• Lokhu ukwelashwa lapho isikhumba sakho sichayeka ngokucophelela ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet.
• Kunganikezwa wedwa noma ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi owenza isikhumba sizwele ekukhanyeni.
• I-Phototherapy ye-psoriasis inganikezwa njenge-ultraviolet A (UVA) noma i-ultraviolet B (UVB) light.

EZINYE UKWELASHWA

Uma unesifo, umhlinzeki wakho uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic.

UKUNAKEKELWA KWEKHAYA

Ukulandela lezi zeluleko ekhaya kungasiza:

• Ukugeza noma ukugeza nsuku zonke - Zama ukungakhubi kanzima, ngoba lokhu kungacasula isikhumba bese kuhlasela.
• Amabhati oatmeal angadambisa futhi angasiza ukukhulula izikali. Ungasebenzisa imikhiqizo yokugeza ye-oatmeal. Noma, ungaxuba inkomishi e-1 (i-128 gram) ye-oatmeal kubhavu (kubhavu) wamanzi afudumele.
• Ukugcina isikhumba sakho sihlanzekile futhi simanzi, nokugwema izimbangela zakho ezithile ze-psoriasis kungasiza ekunciphiseni inani lama-flare-ups.
• Ukukhanya kwelanga kungasiza izimpawu zakho zihambe. Qaphela ukuthi ungashiswa yilanga.
• Izindlela zokuphumula nezokulwa nengcindezi - Isixhumanisi esiphakathi kwengcindezi nama-flares we-psoriasis asiqondakali kahle.

Abanye abantu bangazuza eqenjini lokwesekwa le-psoriasis. INational Psoriasis Foundation iyinsiza enhle: www.psoriasis.org.

I-Psoriasis ingaba yisimo sempilo yonke esingahle silawulwe ngokwelashwa. Kungahamba isikhathi eside bese kubuya. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, ngeke kuthinte impilo yakho yonke. Kepha yazi ukuthi kunokuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwe-psoriasis nezinye izinkinga zempilo, njengesifo senhliziyo.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu ze-psoriasis noma uma ukucasuka kwesikhumba sakho kuqhubeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma unezinhlungu ezihlangene noma umkhuhlane ngokuhlaselwa kwakho kwe-psoriasis.

Uma unezimpawu ze-arthritis, khuluma nodokotela wakho wesikhumba noma i-rheumatologist.

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele inombolo yendawo ephuthumayo (efana ne-911) uma unokuqubuka okukhulu okuhlanganisa wonke umzimba wakho noma iningi.

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela i-psoriasis. Ukugcina isikhumba sihlanzekile futhi sinomswakama futhi sigweme izimbangela zakho ze-psoriasis kungasiza ekunciphiseni inani lama-flare-ups.

Abahlinzeki batusa izindawo zokugeza zansuku zonke noma izihlambi zabantu abane-psoriasis. Gwema ukukhuhla kanzima kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kungacasula isikhumba bese kuhlasela.

I-plaque psoriasis; Psoriasis vulgaris; I-gututate psoriasis; I-Pustular psoriasis

• I-Psoriasis kuma knuckles
• I-Psoriasis - x4 ekhulisiwe
• I-Psoriasis - i-guttate engalweni nasesifubeni

U-Armstrong AW, iPhalamende laseSiegel, uBagel J, et al. Kusuka kwiBhodi Yezokwelapha yeNational Psoriasis Foundation: imigomo yokwelashwa ye-plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017; 76 (2): 290-298. I-PMID: 27908543 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27908543/.

I-Dinulos JGH. Psoriasis nezinye izifo papulosquamous. Ku: I-Dinulos JGH, ed. IHabif's Clinical Dermatology. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 8.

ULebwohl MG, van de Kerkhof P. Psoriasis. Ku: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Berth-Jones J, Coulson IH, abahleli. Ukwelashwa Kwezifo Zesikhumba: Amasu Wokwelashwa Okuphelele. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 210.

UVan de Kerkhof PCM, uNestlé FO. I-Psoriasis. Ku: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, ama-eds. Isikhumba. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 8.