I-renal pelvis noma umdlavuza we-ureter

Umdlavuza we-renal pelvis noma i-ureter umdlavuza owakheka okhalweni lwezinso noma kushubhu (ureter) elithwala umchamo kusuka ezinso uye esinyeni.

Umdlavuza ungakhula ohlelweni lokuqoqwa komchamo, kepha akujwayelekile. I-renal pelvis kanye nomdlavuza we-ureter kuthinta abesilisa kaningi kunabesifazane. Lawa mdlavuza avame kakhulu kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-65.

Izimbangela eziqondile zalo mdlavuza azaziwa. Ukucasulwa isikhathi eside (okungapheli) kwezinso ezintweni eziyingozi ezisuswe emchameni kungaba yinto. Lokhu kucasuka kungabangelwa:

• Ukulimala kwezinso emithini, ikakhulukazi leyo yezinhlungu (i-analgesic nephropathy)
• Ukuvezwa odayi namakhemikhali athile asetshenziselwa ukwenza izimpahla zesikhumba, izindwangu, amapulasitiki nenjoloba
• Ukubhema

Abantu abake baba nomdlavuza wesinye nabo basengozini.

Izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo emuva
• Igazi emchameni
• Ukushisa, ubuhlungu, noma ukungakhululeki ngokuchama
• Ukukhathala
• Ubuhlungu beFlank
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Ukushoda kwegazi
• Imvamisa ye-Urinary noma ukuphuthuma

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza isivivinyo somzimba, futhi ahlole nesisu sakho (isisu). Ezimweni ezingavamile, lokhu kungaveza izinso ezikhulisiwe.

Uma kwenziwa ukuhlolwa:

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo kungakhombisa igazi emchameni.
• Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) kungakhombisa i-anemia.
• I-urine cytology (ukuhlolwa okuncane kwamaseli) kungaveza amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Ezinye izivivinyo ezinga-odwa zifaka:

• Iskena se-CT esiswini
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-cystoscopy ene-ureteroscopy
• I-pyelogram efakwa emithanjeni (IVP)
• Izinso ultrasound
• I-MRI yesisu
• Ukuskena kabusha

Lezi zivivinyo zingase ziveze isimila noma zibonise ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalale kusukela ezinso.

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukuqeda umdlavuza.

Ukulandela izinqubo kungasetshenziswa ukwelapha lesi simo:

• I-Nephroureterectomy - Lokhu kuhilela ukususwa kwazo zonke izinso, i-ureter kanye nekhafula lesinye (izicubu ezixhuma i-ureter esinyeni)
• I-Nephrectomy - Kuhlinzwa ukuhlinza konke noma ingxenye yezinso. Lokhu kungafaka ukususa ingxenye yesinye nezicubu ezizungezile, noma ama-lymph node.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Ureter - Ukuhlinzwa ukususa ingxenye ye-ureter equkethe umdlavuza, nezinye izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa uma kwenzeka izicubu ezingenasisekelo ezikhona engxenyeni engezansi ye-ureter eduze kwesinye. Lokhu kungasiza ekulondolozeni izinso.
• I-Chemotherapy - Lokhu kusetshenziswa lapho umdlavuza ususabalele ngaphandle kwezinso noma i-ureter. Ngoba lezi zicubu ziyafana nohlobo lomdlavuza wesinye, ziphathwa ngohlobo olufanayo lwe-chemotherapy.

Unganciphisa ukucindezela kokugula ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela umdlavuza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile nezinkinga kungakusiza ungazizwa uwedwa.

Umphumela uyehluka, kuya ngendawo yesimila nokuthi umdlavuza usakazekile yini. Umdlavuza osezinso kuphela noma we-ureter ungalapheka ngokuhlinzwa.

Umdlavuza osulele kwezinye izitho zomzimba ngokuvamile awelapheki.

Izinkinga ezivela kulo mdlavuza zingafaka:

• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Ukusakazeka kwasendaweni kwesimila ngobuhlungu obukhulayo
• Ukusabalala komdlavuza kuya emaphashini, esibindini nasethanjeni

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma unezinye zezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla.

Izinyathelo ezingasiza ukuvimbela lo mdlavuza zifaka:

• Landela iseluleko somhlinzeki wakho maqondana nemithi, kufaka phakathi umuthi wezinhlungu othengiswayo.
• Yeka ukubhema.
• Gqoka izinto zokuzivikela uma kungenzeka uvezwe ezintweni ezinobuthi ezinso.

Umdlavuza weseli wesikhashana we-renal pelvis noma i-ureter; Umdlavuza wezinso - i-renal pelvis; Umdlavuza wesibeletho; I-urothelial carcinoma

• Ukwakheka kwezinso

I-Bajorin DF. Izimila zezinso, isinye, ama-ureters kanye ne-renal pelvis. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 187.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/transitional-cell-treatment-pdq. Kubuyekezwe ngoJanuwari 30, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoJulayi 21, 2020.

I-Wong WW, uDaniels TB, uPeterson JL, uTyson MD, uTan WW. Izinso ne-ureteral carcinoma. Ku: Tepper JE, Foote RL, Michalski JM, eds. I-Gunderson & Tepper's Clinical Radiation Oncology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 64.