Polycythemia - osanda kuzalwa

I-Polycythemia ingenzeka uma kunamaseli abomvu amaningi kakhulu (ama-RBC) egazini lengane.

Amaphesenti ama-RBCs egazini lengane abizwa nge- "hematocrit." Uma lokhu kungaphezu kwama-65%, i-polycythemia ikhona.

I-Polycythemia ingavela ezimweni ezikhula ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Ukubambezeleka ekubambeni inkaba
• Isifo sikashukela kumama wokuzalwa wengane
• Izifo ezizuzwe njengefa nezinkinga zofuzo
• I-oxygen encane kakhulu efinyelela izicubu zomzimba (hypoxia)
• I-twin-twin transfusion syndrome (yenzeka lapho igazi lisuka kwelinye iwele liye kwelinye)

Ama-RBC angeziwe anganciphisa noma avimbe ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi emincane kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hyperviscosity. Lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kwezicubu ngenxa yokushoda komoya-mpilo. Lokhu kugeleza kwegazi okuvinjiwe kungathinta zonke izitho, kufaka phakathi izinso, amaphaphu nobuchopho.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukulala ngokweqile
• Izinkinga zokondla
• Ukuquleka

Kungaba nezimpawu zokuphefumula, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ushukela ophansi wegazi, noma i-jaundice esanda kuzalwa.

Uma ingane inezimpawu ze-hyperviscosity, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubala inani lama-RBCs kuzokwenziwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubizwa nge-hematocrit.

Ezinye izivivinyo zingafaka:

• Amagesi egazi ukuhlola izinga le-oxygen egazini
• Ushukela wegazi (i-glucose) ukuhlola ushukela wegazi ophansi
• I-Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), into eyakheka lapho amaprotheni ehla
• I-Creatinine
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• I-Bilirubin

Ingane izobhekwa ngezinkinga ze-hyperviscosity. Uketshezi kunganikezwa ngomthambo. Ukufakwa kokushintshaniswa ngevolumu okuyingxenye kwesinye isikhathi kusenziwa kwezinye izimo. Noma kunjalo, abukho ubufakazi obuncane bokuthi lokhu kuyasebenza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo ye-polycythemia.

Umbono muhle ezinganeni ezine-hyperviscosity emnene. Imiphumela emihle iyenzeka nasezinsaneni ezithola ukwelashwa kwe-hyperviscosity enamandla. Umbono uzoncika kakhulu esizathwini salesi simo.

Ezinye izingane zingaba nezinguquko ezincane zokukhula. Abazali kufanele baxhumane nomhlinzeki wabo wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma becabanga ukuthi ingane yabo ikhombisa izimpawu zokulibaziseka kokukhula.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukufa kwezicubu zamathumbu (necrotizing enterocolitis)
• Kwehliswe ukulawulwa kwezimoto okuhle
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Ukuquleka
• Unhlangothi

I-polycythemia engakazalwa; Hyperviscosity - usana olusanda kuzalwa

• Amaseli egazi

IKliegman RM, iSt. Geme JW, iBlum NJ, i-Shah SS, iTasker RC, iWilson KM. Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 124.

I-Letterio J, Pateva I, Petrosiute A, Ahuja S. Hematologic kanye nezinkinga ze-oncologic ku-fetus neonate. Ku: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, ama-eds. UFanaroff kanye neMithi kaMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 79.

UTashi T, uPrchal JT. I-Polycythemia. Ku: Lanzkowsky P, Lipton JM, Fish JD, eds. Incwadi kaLanzkowsky yePediatric Hematology ne-Oncology. Umhlaka 6. ICambridge, MA: I-Elsevier Academic Press; 2016: isahluko 12.