Ukushoda kwegazi kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona

I-anemia yisimo lapho umzimba ungenawo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele anele. Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anikeza umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia.

I-anemia yesifo esingelapheki (i-ACD) i-anemia etholakala kubantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha zesikhathi eside (ezingapheli) ezibandakanya ukuvuvukala.

I-anemia yinombolo engaphansi kokujwayelekile yamaseli abomvu egazini. I-ACD iyimbangela ejwayelekile yokushoda kwegazi. Ezinye izimo ezingaholela ku-ACD zifaka:

• Ukuphazamiseka okuzenzakalelayo, okufana nesifo seCrohn, i-systemic lupus erythematosus, isifo samathambo, nesifo sezilonda
• Umdlavuza, kufaka phakathi isifo se-lymphoma ne-Hodgkin
• Ukutheleleka kwesikhathi eside, njenge-bacterial endocarditis, i-osteomyelitis (ukutheleleka kwethambo), i-HIV / AIDS, ithumba lamaphaphu, i-hepatitis B noma i-hepatitis C

I-anemia yezifo ezingamahlalakhona imnene. Ungahle ungaboni zimpawu.

Lapho izimpawu zivela, zingabandakanya:

• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka noma ukhathele
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba.

I-anemia ingaba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esibi, ngakho-ke ukuthola imbangela yaso kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa ukuthola i-anemia noma ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela kufaka:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi
• Ukubalwa kwe-Reticulocyte
• Izinga le-serum ferritin
• Izinga lensimbi leSerum
• Izinga lamaprotheni asebenzayo ngoku-C
• Isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation
• Ukuhlolwa komnkantsha we-Bone (ezimweni ezingavamile ukukhipha umdlavuza)

I-anemia ivame ukuba mnene ngokwanele ukuthi ayidingi ukwelashwa. Kungaba ngcono uma isifo esibangela ukuthi silashwe.

I-anemia enamandla kakhulu, njengaleyo ebangelwa yisifo esingapheliyo sezinso, umdlavuza, noma i-HIV / AIDS ingadinga:

• Ukumpontshelwa igazi
• I-Erythropoietin, i-hormone ekhiqizwa izinso, enikezwa njengesibhamu

I-anemia izothuthuka lapho isifo esilubangelayo selashwa.

Ukungakhululeki kwezimpawu kuyinkinga eyinhloko ezimweni eziningi. I-anemia ingaholela engcupheni ephezulu yokufa kubantu abanokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma unesifo sesikhathi eside (esingapheli) futhi uba nezimpawu ze-anemia.

I-anemia yokuvuvukala; I-anaemia evuthayo; I-AOCD; ACD

• Amaseli egazi

Kusho i-RT. Sondela kuma-anemias. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 149.

UNayak L, uGardner LB, uLittle JA. Ukushoda kwegazi kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 37.