I-Ascariasis

I-Ascariasis ukutheleleka ngezibungu eziyizikelemu I-Ascaris lumbricoides.

Abantu bathola i-ascariasis ngokudla ukudla noma isiphuzo esingcoliswe amaqanda ezikelemu. I-Ascariasis ukutheleleka okuvamile kwamathumbu emathunjini. Kuhlobene nokuhlanzeka kwendle. Abantu abahlala ezindaweni lapho indle yabantu isetshenziswa khona njengomanyolo nabo basengozini yalesi sifo.

Uma eseqediwe, amaqanda achamisela akhiphe izikelemu ezingavuthiwe ezibizwa ngokuthi izibungu ngaphakathi emathunjini amancane. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, izibungu zihamba zingene egazini ziye emaphashini. Bahamba bekhuphuka ngemigwaqo emikhulu yomoya emaphashini bese begwinywa babuyela esiswini nasemathunjini amancane.

Njengoba izibungu zihamba emaphashini zingadala uhlobo olungajwayelekile lwenyumoniya okuthiwa i-eosinophilic pneumonia. Ama-eosinophil awuhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi. Lapho izibungu sezibuyile emathunjini amancane, zivuthwa zibe yizikelemu eziyindilinga ezindala. Izikelemu zabantu abadala zihlala emathunjini amancane, lapho zibekela khona amaqanda akhona endle. Bangaphila izinyanga eziyi-10 kuye kwangama-24.

Balinganiselwa ku-1 billion abantu abathelelekile emhlabeni wonke. I-Ascariasis yenzeka kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka, yize izingane zithinteka kakhulu kunabantu abadala.

Isikhathi esiningi, azikho izimpawu. Uma kunezimpawu, zingafaka:

• Isikhwehlela esinegazi (amafinyila akhwehlela yimigwaqo yomoya engezansi)
• Ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula
• Umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi
• Ukudlula izibungu esitokisini
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Ukuhlanza noma ukukhwehlela izikelemu
• Izikelemu ezishiya umzimba ngamakhala noma ngomlomo

Umuntu onegciwane angakhombisa izimpawu zokungondleki. Ukuhlolwa kokuthola lesi simo kufaka:

• I-x-ray yesisu noma okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kufaka phakathi ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele nokubalwa kwe-eosinophil
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle ukufuna izikelemu namaqanda ezibungu

Ukwelashwa kufaka nemithi efana ne-albendazole ekhubaza noma ebulala izikelemu ezibulala amathumbu emathunjini.

Uma kukhona ukuvaleka kwamathumbu okubangelwa inani elikhulu lezikelemu, inqubo ebizwa nge-endoscopy ingasetshenziswa ukukhipha izikelemu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.

Abantu abalashelwa izikelemu kufanele baphinde bahlolwe ezinyangeni ezintathu. Lokhu kufaka hlangana ukuhlola indle ukubheka amaqanda wesibungu. Uma amaqanda ekhona, ukwelashwa kufanele kunikezwe futhi.

Iningi labantu liyalulama kwizimpawu zokutheleleka, noma ngabe lingekho ukwelashwa. Kepha bangaqhubeka nokuthwala izibungu emzimbeni wabo.

Izinkinga zingadalwa yizibungu ezindala eziya ezithweni ezithile, njenge:

• Isithasiselo
• Umsele obilisiwe
• Amapancreas

Uma izimpethu zanda, zingavimba amathumbu.

Lezi zinkinga zingenzeka:

• Ukuvaleka emibhobho yenyongo yesibindi
• Ukuvaleka emathunjini
• Imbobo emathunjini

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unezimpawu ze-ascariasis, ikakhulukazi uma uye endaweni lapho isifo sijwayeleke khona. Shayela futhi uma unanoma ikuphi kokulandelayo:

• Izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu
• Izimpawu azithuthuki ngokwelashwa
• Izimpawu ezintsha zenzeka

Ukuthuthwa kwendle okuthuthukisiwe kanye nenhlanzeko emazweni asathuthuka kuzonciphisa ubungozi kulezo zindawo. Ezindaweni lapho i-ascariasis ivame kakhulu, abantu banganikezwa imithi yokubulala izikelemu njengendlela yokuzivikela.

Amagciwane esiswini - ascariasis; Isibungu esiyindilinga - ascariasis

• Amaqanda ayisikelemu - ascariasis
• Izitho zohlelo lokugaya ukudla

UBogitsh BJ, uCarter CE, u-Oeltmann TN. Ama-nematodes emathunjini. Ku: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, eds. I-Parasitology Yabantu. Umhlaka 5. I-Waltham, MA: I-Elsevier Academic Press; 2019: isahluko 16.

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. Izimuncagazi-ascariasis. www.cdc.gov/parasites/ascariasis/index.html. Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 23, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 17, 2021.

UMejia R, Isimo Sezulu J, uHotez PJ. Ama-nematodes emathunjini (ama-roundworms). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 286.