I-Echinococcosis

I-Echinococcosis yisifo esibangelwa yi I-Echinococcus granulosus noma I-Echinococcus multilocularis isibungu. Ukutheleleka kubizwa nangokuthi isifo se-hydatid.

Abantu batheleleka lapho begwinya amaqanda ezikelemu ekudleni okungcolisiwe. Amaqanda bese enza ama-cysts ngaphakathi komzimba. I-cyst yisikhwama esivaliwe noma isikhwama. Ama-cysts aqhubeka nokukhula, okuholela ezimpawu.

E granulosus ukutheleleka okubangelwa yizikelemu ezitholakala ezinjeni nasemfuyweni njengezimvu, izingulube, izimbuzi nezinkomo. Lama tapeworms acishe abe ngu 2 kuya ku 7 mm ubude. Ukutheleleka kubizwa nge-cystic echinococcosis (CE). Kuholela ekukhuleni kwama-cysts ikakhulukazi emaphashini nasesibindi. Ama-cysts angatholakala nasenhliziyweni, emathanjeni nasebuchosheni.

Ama-multilocularis ukutheleleka okubangelwa yizikelemu ezitholakala ezinjeni, amakati, amagundane nezimpungushe. Le mibungu iyizungeze u-1 kuye ku-4 mm ubude. Ukutheleleka kubizwa nge-alveolar echinococcosis (AE). Kuyisimo esisongela impilo ngoba ukukhula kwesigaxa kufana nesibindi. Ezinye izitho, ezinjengamaphaphu nobuchopho zingathinteka.

Izingane noma abantu abadala bathambekele ekutholeni lesi sifo.

I-Echinococcosis ivamile ku:

• Afrika
• I-Asia Ephakathi
• INingizimu Melika eseNingizimu
• IMedithera
• EMiddle East

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukutheleleka kubonakala e-United States. Kubikwe eCalifornia, Arizona, New Mexico, nase-Utah.

Izici zobungozi zifaka ukuvezwa ku:

• Izinkomo
• Izinyamazane
• Indle yezinja, izimpungushe, izimpisi, noma ama-coyotes
• Izingulube
• Izimvu
• Amakamela

Ama-cysts angavezi zimpawu zeminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu.

Njengoba lesi sifo sikhula futhi ama-cysts ekhula, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesokudla yesisu (isibindi sesibindi)
• Khulisa usayizi wesisu ngenxa yokuvuvukala (isibindi sesibindi)
• Isikhwehlela esinegazi (i-lung cyst)
• Ubuhlungu besifuba (i-lung cyst)
• Ukukhwehlela (i-lung cyst)
• Ukusabela okweqile (i-anaphylaxis) lapho ama-cysts evuleka

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu.

Uma umhlinzeki esola i-CE noma i-AE, izivivinyo ezingenziwa ukuthola ama-cysts zifaka:

• I-X-ray, i-echocardiogram, i-CT scan, i-PET scan, noma i-ultrasound ukubuka ama-cysts
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi, okufana ne-enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), ukuhlolwa kwesibindi
• I-biopsy yesifiso esihle senaliti

Ngokuvamile, ama-echinococcosis cysts atholakala lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging ngesinye isizathu.

Abantu abaningi bangelashwa ngemithi elwa nezibungu.

Inqubo ebandakanya ukufaka inaliti esikhunjeni ku-cyst ingazama. Okuqukethwe kwe-cyst kuyasuswa (kufiselwe) ngenaliti. Bese kuthi umuthi uthunyelwa ngenaliti ukubulala lesi sifo. Lokhu kwelashwa akuyona eyama-cysts emaphashini.

Ukuhlinzwa ukwelashwa okukhethwa kukho ama-cysts amakhulu, athelelekile, noma atholakala ezithweni ezinjengenhliziyo nobuchopho.

Uma ama-cysts ephendula emithini yomlomo, umphumela ongahle ube muhle.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma uba nezimpawu zalesi sifo.

Izindlela zokuvimbela i-CE ne-AE zifaka:

• Ukuhlala kude nezilwane zasendle kufaka phakathi izimpungushe, izimpisi, nama-coyotes
• Ukugwema ukuxhumana nezinja eziphambukayo
• Ukugeza izandla kahle ngemuva kokuthinta izinja ezifuywayo noma amakati, nangaphambi kokuphatha ukudla

I-Hydatidosis; Isifo se-Hydatid, isifo se-Hydatid cyst; Isifo se-alveolar cyst; I-Polycystic echinococcosis

• Isibindi echinococcus - CT scan
• Amasosha omzimba

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. Izimuncagazi - echinococcosis. www.cdc.gov/parasites/echinococcosis/treatment.html. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 12, 2012. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 5, 2020.

UGottstein B, uBeldi G. Echinococcosis. Ku: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, ama-eds. Izifo Ezithathelwanayo. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 120.