Subacute ukonakala okuhlangene

I-Subacute degeneration ehlangene (i-SCD) ukuphazamiseka komgogodla, ubuchopho, nezinzwa. Kubandakanya ubuthakathaka, imizwa engajwayelekile, izinkinga zengqondo, nobunzima bokubona.

I-SCD ibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12. Kakhulu kuthinta umgogodla. Kodwa imiphumela yayo ebuchosheni nasemithanjeni yomzimba (yomzimba) iyisizathu segama elithi "kuhlangene." Ekuqaleni, ukumbozwa kwezinzwa (i-myelin sheath) konakele. Kamuva, wonke amangqamuzana ezinzwa ayathinteka.

Odokotela abazi kahle ukuthi ukuntuleka kukavithamini B12 kulimaza kanjani izinzwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuntuleka kwaleli vithamini kudala ama-fatty acids angajwayelekile akhe azungeze amaseli nezinzwa.

Abantu basengozini enkulu yalesi simo uma uvithamini B12 engakwazi ukumuncwa emathunjini abo noma uma bane:

• I-anemia enamandla, isimo lapho umzimba ungenawo amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele anele
• Ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu amancane, kufaka phakathi isifo seCrohn
• Izinkinga zokumunca izakhi zomzimba, ezingenzeka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwamathumbu

Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuzwa okungavamile (ukuthungatha nokuqina)
• Ubuthakathaka bemilenze, izingalo, noma ezinye izindawo

Lezi zimpawu ziya ziba zimbi kancane futhi zivame ukuzwakala ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba.

Njengoba lesi sifo siba sibi, izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukunyamalala, ukunyakaza okuqinile noma okungahambi kahle
• Shintsha esimweni sengqondo, njengezinkinga zememori, ukucasuka, ukunganaki, ukudideka, noma ukuwohloka komqondo
• Ukwehla kombono
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukulala
• Ukuhamba okungazinzile nokulahlekelwa ibhalansi
• Ukuwa ngenxa yokulinganisela okungalungile

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukukhombisa ubuthakathaka bemisipha nezinkinga zemizwa ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni. Izindlebe ze-jerk reflexes zivame ukwehla noma zilahleke. Imisipha ingaba nokuqina. Kungahle kunciphise izinzwa zokuthinta, izinhlungu, nezinga lokushisa.

Izinguquko zengqondo zisukela ekukhohlisweni okuncane kuya ekuwohlokeni komqondo okunzima noma kwi-psychosis. Ukuwohloka komqondo ngokweqile akuvamile, kodwa kwezinye izimo, kuba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo.

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kungakhombisa ukulimala kwe-optic nerve, isimo esibizwa nge-optic neuritis. Izimpawu zokuvuvukala kwemizwa zingabonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-retinal. Kungaba nezimpendulo zabafundi ngokungajwayelekile, ukulahleka kokubona okucijile, nolunye ushintsho.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okunga-odwa kufaka phakathi:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• Izinga legazi likaVitamin B12
• Izinga legazi le-Methylmalonic acid

UVithamini B12 unikezwa, imvamisa ngomjovo emisipheni. Imijovo ivame ukunikezwa kanye ngosuku isonto, bese kuba ngeviki cishe inyanga eyodwa, bese kuba njalo ngenyanga. Izithako ze-Vitamin B12, kungaba ngomjovo noma ngamaphilisi anomthamo omkhulu, kufanele ziqhubeke kuyo yonke impilo ukuvimbela ukuthi izimpawu zingabuyi.

Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa ithuba lomphumela omuhle.

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuya ngokuthi ube nezimpawu zesikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuthola ukwelashwa. Uma ukwelashwa kutholwa kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa, ukululama okuphelele kungalindeleka. Uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa noma ezi-2, ukululama okugcwele kungenzeka kungenzeki.

Ukungalashwa, imiphumela ye-SCD ekulimaleni okuqhubekayo nokungapheli kohlelo lwezinzwa.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ukuzwa okungavamile, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, noma ezinye izimpawu ze-SCD zikhula. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma wena noma ilungu lomndeni nibe ne-anemia eyingozi noma ezinye izinto ezinobungozi.

Ezinye izidlo zemifino, ikakhulukazi i-vegan, ingaba novithamini B12 ophansi. Ukuthatha isengezo kungasiza ukuvimbela i-SCD.

Subacute ukonakala okuhlangene komgogodla; I-SCD

• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo
• Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi

UPytel P, u-Anthony DC. Izinzwa zomngcele nemisipha yamathambo. Ku: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, ama-eds. AmaRobbins kanye neCotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 27.

Ngakho-ke i-YT. Ukuntuleka kwezifo zesimiso sezinzwa. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 85.