I-Spasmodic dysphonia

I-Spasmodic dysphonia inzima ukukhuluma ngenxa ye-spasms (dystonia) yemisipha elawula izintambo zezwi.

Imbangela ngqo ye-spasmodic dysphonia ayaziwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwengqondo. Izimo eziningi zibangelwa inkinga ebuchosheni nasesimisweni sezinzwa ezingathinta izwi. Imisipha yentambo yezwi iyaphala, noma inkontileka, edala ukuthi izintambo zezwi zisondele kakhulu noma ziqhelelene kakhulu ngenkathi umuntu esebenzisa iphimbo lakhe.

I-Spasmodic dysphonia ivame ukwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-30 nengama-50. Abesifazane basengozini enkulu yokuthinteka kunamadoda.

Kwesinye isikhathi, isimo sigijima emndenini.

Ngokuvamile izwi liyahoshozela noma lihele. Ingase idiyazele futhi ime kancane. Izwi lingazwakala licinene noma liklinyiwe, futhi kungabonakala sengathi isikhulumi kufanele sisebenzise umzamo owengeziwe. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-adductor dysphonia.

Kwesinye isikhathi, izwi liyahleba noma liyaphefumula. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge-abductor dysphonia.

Inkinga ingaphela lapho umuntu ehleka, ehleba, ekhuluma ngezwi eliphakeme, ecula noma ememeza.

Abanye abantu banezinkinga zethoni yemisipha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njenge-cramp yombhali.

Indlebe, ikhala, nomphimbo kadokotela uzohlola ushintsho ezintanjeni zezwi nakwezinye izinkinga zobuchopho noma zesistimu yezinzwa.

Ukuhlolwa okuvame ukwenziwa kufaka:

• Usebenzisa ububanzi obukhethekile ngokukhanya nekhamera ukubuka ibhokisi lezwi (umphimbo)
• Ukuhlolwa kwezwi ngumhlinzeki wolimi lokukhuluma

Alikho ikhambi le-spasmodic dysphonia. Ukwelashwa kunganciphisa kuphela izimpawu. Imithi elapha i-spasm yemisipha yezwi ingazama. Kubonakala sengathi basebenza kuze kufike engxenyeni eyodwa yabantu, okungcono kakhulu. Eminye yale mithi inemiphumela emibi ekhathazayo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Botulinum toxin (Botox) kungasiza. Ubuthi beBotulinum buvela ohlotsheni oluthile lwama-bacteria. Inani elincane kakhulu lale toxin lingafakwa emisipheni ezungeze izintambo zezwi. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukusiza izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4.

Ukuhlinzwa ukusika enye yezinzwa emithanjeni yezwi kusetshenziselwe ukwelapha i-spasmodic dysphonia, kepha akuphumeleli kakhulu. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingathuthukisa izimpawu kwabanye abantu, kepha ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.

Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho kungaba wusizo kwabanye abantu.

Ukwelashwa ngezwi nokwelulekwa ngokwengqondo kungasiza ekwehliseni izimpawu ezimweni ezimnene ze-spasmodic dysphonia.

I-Dysphonia - i-spasmodic; Ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo - i-spasmodic dysphonia

• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo

IBlitzer A, iKirke DN. Izinkinga ze-Neurologic ze-larynx. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 57.

I-Flint PW. Ukuphazamiseka komphimbo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 401.

UPatel AK, uCarroll TL. I-Hoarseness ne-dysphonia. Ku: Scholes MA, Ramakrishnan VR, eds. Izimfihlo ze-ENT. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 71.

UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-US; I-National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) iwebhusayithi. I-Spasmodic dysphonia. www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/spasmodic-dysphonia. Kubuyekezwe uJuni 18, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 19, 2020.