Isifo sikashukela

Isifo sikashukela senzeka lapho izinga likashukela (i-glucose) egazini lakho liphezulu kakhulu, kepha aliphezulu ngokwanele ukubizwa ngesifo sikashukela.

Uma une-prediabetes, usengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi. Futhi kwandisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi.

Ukwehlisa isisindo esengeziwe nokuvivinya umzimba njalo kungavimbela ama-prediabetes ekubeni luhlobo 2 sikashukela.

Umzimba wakho uthola amandla ku-glucose esegazini lakho. Ihomoni ebizwa nge-insulin isiza amaseli emzimbeni wakho asebenzise i-glucose. Uma une-prediabetes, le nqubo ayisebenzi futhi. I-glucose yakhela egazini lakho. Uma amazinga ephakama ngokwanele, kusho ukuthi usuhlakulele uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Uma usengozini yesifo sikashukela, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzohlola ushukela wakho wegazi esebenzisa okukodwa noma okuningi kokuhlolwa okulandelayo. Noma imiphi imiphumela yokuhlolwa elandelayo ikhombisa ama-prediabetes:

• Ukuzila ukudla kwe-glucose yegazi eyi-100 kuye ku-125 mg / dL (ebizwa ngokuthi i-glucose yokuzila engasebenzi kahle)
• I-glucose yegazi ka-140 kuya ku-199 mg / dL amahora amabili ngemuva kokuthatha amagremu angama-75 kashukela (okubizwa ngokuthi ukubekezelelana koshukela okhubazekile)
• Izinga le-A1C lika-5.7% kuya ku-6.4%

Ukuba nesifo sikashukela kwandisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezithile zempilo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga aphezulu eglucose egazini angalimaza imithambo yegazi nezinzwa. Lokhu kungaholela esifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi. Uma une-prediabetes, kungenzeka ukuthi umonakalo usuvele wenzekile emithanjeni yakho yegazi.

Ukuba nama-prediabetes kuyisimo sokuvuka ukuze uthathe izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa impilo yakho.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngesimo sakho nobungozi bakho kusuka kuma-prediabetes. Ukukusiza ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela, umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka aphakamise izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Lokhu kufaka okusanhlamvu okuphelele, amaprotheni anciphile, ubisi olunamafutha amancane, nezithelo nemifino eningi. Bukela osayizi bezingxenye futhi ugweme amaswidi nokudla okuthosiwe.
• Ukuncipha emsimbeni. Ukwehla kwesisindo esincane kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yakho. Isibonelo, umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa ukuthi ulahlekelwe cishe u-5% kuye ku-7% wesisindo somzimba wakho. Ngakho-ke, uma unesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-200 (90 kilograms), ukwehla ngo-7% inhloso yakho kungaba ukwehla cishe ngamakhilogremu ayi-14 (6.3 kilograms). Umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa indlela yokudla, noma ungajoyina uhlelo oluzokusiza wehlise isisindo.
• Zivocavoce ngokwengeziwe. Lwela ukuthola okungenani imizuzu engama-30 kuye kwangama-60 yokuvivinya umzimba ngokulingene okungenani izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhamba ngamandla, ukugibela ibhayisikili lakho, noma ukubhukuda. Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlukanisa ukuzivocavoca ngezikhathi ezincane usuku lonke. Thatha izitebhisi esikhundleni selifthi. Ngisho nemisebenzi emincane ibalelwa enhlosweni yakho yamasonto onke.
• Thatha imithi njengokuyalelwa. Umhlinzeki wakho angahle anikeze i-metformin ukunciphisa amathuba okuthi ama-prediabetes akho athuthuke abe yisifo sikashukela. Ngokuya ngezici zakho zobungozi besifo senhliziyo, umhlinzeki wakho angaphinde anikeze imishanguzo yokwehlisa izinga lakho le-cholesterol egazini noma umfutho wegazi.

Awukwazi ukusho ukuthi une-prediabetes ngoba ayinazimpawu. Ukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngukuhlolwa kwegazi. Umhlinzeki wakho uzohlola ushukela wegazi lakho uma usengozini yesifo sikashukela. Izici ezinobungozi bama-prediabetes zifana nalezo zohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Kufanele uhlolelwe ama-prediabetes uma uneminyaka yobudala engama-45 noma ngaphezulu. Uma umncane kuneminyaka engama-45, kufanele uhlolwe uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele futhi unenye noma eziningi zalezi zinto ezinobungozi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambilini kwesifo sikashukela okukhombisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela
• Umzali, ingane yakini, noma ingane enomlando wesifo sikashukela
• Indlela yokuphila engasebenzi kanye nokuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba njalo
• I-African American, Hispanic / Latin American, American Indian kanye ne-Alaska aboMdabu, i-Asia American, noma i-Pacific Islander
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (140/90 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu)
• I-cholesterol ephansi ye-HDL (enhle) noma ama-triglycerides aphezulu
• Umlando wesifo senhliziyo
• Umlando wesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa)
• Izimo zezempilo ezihambisana nokumelana ne-insulin (i-polycystic ovary syndrome, i-acanthosis nigricans, ukukhuluphala okukhulu)

Uma imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwegazi ikhombisa ukuthi une-prediabetes, umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa ukuthi uphinde uhlolwe kanye ngonyaka. Uma imiphumela yakho ingejwayelekile, umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa ukuthi uphinde uphinde uphinde unikezwe iminyaka engu-3.

I-glucose yokuzila engakhubazekile - ama-prediabetes; Ukubekezelelana kwe-glucose okhubazekile - ama-prediabetes

• Izici zesifo sikashukela

I-American Diabetes Association. Amazinga wokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kusifo sikashukela - 2020. Ukunakekelwa yisifo sikashukela. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S77-S88. ukunakekelwa.diabetesjournals.org/content/43/Supplement_1/S77.

I-Kahn CR, i-Ferris HA, i-O'Neill BT. I-Pathophysiology yohlobo 2 sikashukela mellitus. Ku: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, abahleli. Incwadi kaWilliams ye-Endocrinology. Umhlaka 14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 34.

Siu AL; I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukuhlolisiswa kweglucose egazini engajwayelekile kanye nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela: Isitatimende sokuncoma se-U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (11): 861-868. I-PMID: 26501513 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26501513.

• Isifo sikashukela